Effects of Compound Phellinus igniarius(L.ex Fr.)Quel. Oral Liquid's Polysaccharide on the Immunologic Function of Mice

In this paper, the effects of compound P. igniarius oral liquid’s crude polysaccharide on the immunologic function of mice were studied from four aspects, namely, carbon clearance test of mice, macrophage phagocytosis of chicken red blood cel s in the enterocoelia of mice （semi-in vivo method）, the ratio of organ to body weight, natural kil er （NK） cel activity in mice （the determination of lactate de-hydrogenase assay）. The results showed that high-dosage group（40 mL/kg） of com-pound P. igniarius oral liquid can obviously enhance the ability of carbon clearance of mice; middle-（20 mL/kg） and high-dosage groups can significantly enhance the phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of chicken erythrocyte of mouse macrophage;low-（10 mL/kg）, middle- and high-dosage groups can significantly enhance NK cel activity of mice. These showed that compound P. igniarius oral liquid can enhance mononuclear-macrophage and NK cel activity. In conclusion, compound P. igniarius oral liquid’s polysaccharide can enhance immunologic function and significantly im-prove the specific and nonspecific immunologic function.

Effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch polysaccharide on growth performance and immunologic function in mice in Ural City,Xinjiang

Objective:To discuss the effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis(G.uralensis) Fisch polysaccharide on growth performance and immunologic function in mice in Ural City,Xinjiang and to provide important data supporting the application of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide.Methods:A total of100 Kunming mice aged 3 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 mice in each group(10 were females and 10 were males).About 0.5 mL normal saline was given to the mice of control group every day and 0.5 mL G.uralensis Fisch polysaccharide was given to the mice of other groups at the concentration of 1,20,50 and 100 mg/mL respectively.The growth performance(average body weight,average daily feed intake and feed efficiency),immune organ indexes(spleen index and thymus index) and immunologic function(serum IL-2,CD4^+/CD8^+ and the activity of NK cells) of mice in each group were detected continuously.Results:The average body weight,feed efficiency,serum IL-2,CD4^+/CD8^+ and the activity of NK cells of mice were increased with the increase of administrated time after administrating G.uralensis Fisch polysaccharide and were reached up the largest level on Day 28.At the same time,each index was proportional to the given dose and was significantly higher than those of control group and reached up the largest level at the administrated dose of 100 mg/mL.After administrating G.uralensis Fisch polysaccharide,the spleen index and thymus index of mice were increased with the increase of administrated dose and the spleen index and thymus index of mice administrated with the dose of 100 mg/mL were maximum which was more than 1.51 times and 1.43 times of that in control group respectively and the comparative differences showed statistical significance(P<0.05).The average daily feed intake of mice in each group was increased with the passage of lime and at the same time,the comparison of average daily feed intake of mice in each group was not significantly different(P>0.05).Conclusions:G.uralensis Fisch polysaccharide can significantly improve the growth performance and immunologic function of mice and laid a research basis for the clinical application of G.uralensis Fisch polysaccharide.

Perioperative restricted fluid therapy preserves immunological function in patients with colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the effect of perioperative restricted fluid therapy on circulating CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio, percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg) and postoperative complications in patients with colorectal cancer.

Effects of Different Extract of Pseudostellaria Heterophylla on Immunological Function in Mice based on Meta-analysis and Network Meta-analysis

To evaluate the effects of different extract of Pseudostellaria heterophylla on immunological function in mice based on Meta-analysis and Network meta-analysis,the article retrieved domestic and foreign databases according to the"PICO"retrieval strategy,and used Stata and ADDIS software for Meta analysis.A total of 6 reports,10 randomised controlled trials(RCTs)were eventually involved.Meta analysis results showed that:compared with the control group,the experimental group of polysaccharide,saponin and crude extract were better than that of the control(P<0.05),which significantly improved the immunological function in mice.Network meta-analysis results showed that the saponin had the best effect on the increase of phagocytic index and the differences were statistically significant[MD=1.50,95%CI(0.71,2.28),P<0.05];The polysaccharide and saponin had better effect on the increase of spleen index than the control and crude extract,and the differences were statistically significant[MD=0.77,95%CI(0.27,1.31),P<0.05],[MD=0.71,95%CI(0.01,1.50),P<0.05];the polysaccharide had the best effect on the increase of thymus index and the differences were statistically significant[MD=0.70,95%CI(0.11,1.34),P<0.05].The rank probability showed that the saponin of Pseudostellaria heterophylla had the maximum probability to increase phagocytic index of mice;the probability for the components of Pseudostellaria heterophylla increasing spleen index of mice was in the order of crude extract>polysaccharide>saponin;the probability for the components of Pseudostellaria heterophylla increasing thymus index of mice was in the order of saponin>polysaccharide>crude extract.Based on the available evidence,the extract of Pseudostellaria heterophylla could improve the immunity of mice,and the clinical effect of polysaccharide and saponin was the best,which provided a more valuable scientific reference for evidencing that the polysaccharide and saponin of Pseudostellaria heterophylla was the effective components for improving immunological function,and also was conducive to the proper further development of Pseudostellaria heterophylla resources.

Effect of Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin on the inflammatory cytokines and immunological function in children with mycoplasma pneumonia

Objective: To explore the effect of Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin on the inflammatory cytokines and immunological function in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 130 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were included in the study and randomized into the treatment group (n=65) and the control group (n=65). The patients in the control group were given azithromycin. On the above basis, the patients in the treatment group were given Yanhuning. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for 7 d. The levels of serum inflammatory cytokines and immunological function indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared. Results: When compared with before treatment, the serum IL-2 level after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated, while IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels were significantly reduced;moreover, the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group. When compared with before treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment in the two groups were significantly elevated, and those in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while CD8+ was significantly reduced, but the comparison between the two groups was not statistically significant. When compared with before treatment, RBC-C3bR after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated, while RBC-ICR was significantly reduced;moreover, the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group. Conclusions: Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children can significantly enhance the immunological function, and reduce the inflammatory reaction, with an effect significantly superior to that by single application of azithromycin.

Short-term efficacy of microwave ablation in the treatment of liver cancer and its effect on immune function

BACKGROUND Hepatectomy is the first choice for treating liver cancer.However,inflammatory factors,released in response to pain stimulation,may suppress perioperative immune function and affect the prognosis of patients undergoing hepatectomies.AIM To determine the short-term efficacy of microwave ablation in the treatment of liver cancer and its effect on immune function.METHODS Clinical data from patients with liver cancer admitted to Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Thirty-five patients underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver cancer(liver cancer resection group)and 35 patients underwent medical image-guided microwave ablation(liver cancer ablation group).The short-term efficacy,complications,liver function,and immune function indices before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.RESULTS One month after treatment,19 patients experienced complete remission(CR),8 patients experienced partial remission(PR),6 patients experienced stable disease(SD),and 2 patients experienced disease progression(PD)in the liver cancer resection group.In the liver cancer ablation group,21 patients experienced CR,9 patients experienced PR,3 patients experienced SD,and 2 patients experienced PD.No significant differences in efficacy and complications were detected between the liver cancer ablation and liver cancer resection groups(P>0.05).After treatment,total bilirubin(41.24±7.35 vs 49.18±8.64μmol/L,P<0.001),alanine aminotransferase(30.85±6.23 vs 42.32±7.56 U/L,P<0.001),CD4+(43.95±5.72 vs 35.27±5.56,P<0.001),CD8+(20.38±3.91 vs 22.75±4.62,P<0.001),and CD4+/CD8+(2.16±0.39 vs 1.55±0.32,P<0.001)were significantly different between the liver cancer ablation and liver cancer resection groups.CONCLUSION The short-term efficacy and safety of microwave ablation and laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of liver cancer are similar,but liver function recovers quickly after microwave ablation,and microwave ablation may enhance immune function.

基于改进f_(aln)函数的永磁同步电机自抗扰控制

针对干扰对永磁同步电机控制系统的影响,提出了一种基于改进f_(aln)函数的永磁同步电机自抗扰控制方法。设计了永磁同步电机自抗扰控制器,通过分析f_(al)函数对自抗扰控制器的影响,提出了一种限幅的改进f_(aln)函数,进而设计了扩张状态观测器,证明了改进后的观测器的收敛性。通过对比试验证明了基于改进f_(aln)函数的永磁同步电机自抗扰控制方法相对于传统自抗扰控制具有更好的抗干扰性能。

Effects of Chinese Herbal Additive on Immunologic Functions and Productive Performance of Dairy Cows during Heat Stress

[Objective] To study effects of Chinese herbal additive on immunologic functions and productive performance of dairy cows, [Method] A total of 20 healthy dairy cows were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. They were respectively fed a common basal diet and the basal diet containing 100 g Chinese herbal additives. The trial lasted for 49 d. [ Result] The 4% fat corrected milk yield （FCM） production, milk yield after weight correction, quantity of solid-not-fat and ash content in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The total lymphocytes （LYM） number of peripheral blood, the percentage of lymphocytes, and IgG concentration in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group on Day 14, 28 and 42 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal additive can enhance the lactation performance and immunologic function of dairy cows.

Influences of laparoscopic radical correction of oophoroma combined with chemotherapy on tumor related factors and immunologic function levels

Objective: To study the influence of laparoscopic radical correction of oophoroma combined with chemotherapy on Tumor related factors and immunologic function levels. Methods:Retrospective analyses the 95 cases of ovarian cancer in our hospital from January 2013 to September 2017, which were divided into the control group and the observation group. The patients in the observation group underwent laparoscopic ovarian cancer radical surgery, the control group underwent open radical resection of ovarian cancer, two patients were combined with TP chemotherapy, the levels of serum MMP-9, HE4, YKL-40, EPO, PRL, TSGF and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+) in two groups before and after treatment were detected and compared. Results: (1) Before treatment, there was no statistical difference between the levels of serum MMP-9, HE4, YKL-40, EPO, PRL, TSGF in the two groups;After treatment, the levels of serum MMP-9, HE4, YKL-40, EPO, PRL, TSGF in the control group were statistically significant compared with those before treatment in the same group, and the differences were statistically significant between the two groups. (2) Before treatment, there was no statistical difference between the levels of serum T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) in the two groups;After treatment, the differences of serum CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ were statistically significant compared with those before treatment in the same group, but the differences were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer TP in laparoscopic radical resection after, can not only significantly improve the patient's serum MMP-9, HE4, YKL-40, EPO, PRL, TSGF level. Moreover, compared with the simple operation, this method does not significantly affect the T lymphocyte subsets of the patients, and is worthy of clinical application.

Evaluation of HAART by HIV-1 Quantitative Method and Immunological Function Inspection

Objective: To observe the effectiveness of highly active antiret-rovirus therapy (HAART) on HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: Using HIV-1 quantitative methods and immu-nological function inspection, we monitored 4 HIV/AIDS pa-tients who were suffering from immunological deficiency andwere treated with HAART Results: The reproduction of HIV in all 4 patients was effi-ciently controlled at the 4th week of the treatment. The averageviral load decreased by 1.99 Log/ml (0.73-2.46 Log/ml). Thenumber of CD^+_4 and CD^+_8 showed a steady continuous increase4 to 12 weeks after the treatment, with an increase of 67.2%and 103.0% respectively. Correlative study among differentvariables after the treatment revealed that positive correlationexisted between the number of CD^+_4 and CD^+_3 as well as CD^+_8,while negative correlation existed between the number of CD^+_4and plasma viral load. Conclusion: HIV-1 quantitative method (plasma viral load)and the number of CD^+_4 in peripheral blood can be used asimportant reference indicators in evaluating HAART.

Radiation Effects on the Immunological Functions and Membranes of Alveolar Macrophages of Rats

Alveolar macrophages (AM) from BCG activated Wistar rat were irradiated with different doses of Gamma rays in vitro. The effects of radiation on their immunological functions and membrane damage were studied. The non-specific cytotoxicity and specific phagocytosis of AM irradiated with dose of 0, 100, 300 and 500 Gy decreased with the increase in dose. The relative fractions of Lactate Dehydrogenase and Beta-glucuronidase (β-glu) activity in supernatant increased with the increase in dose. There was a correlation between the suppression of immunological functions and the degree of damage of cytoplasmic and lysosomal membranes of AM after irradiation. Na2SeO3, a protective agent of cell membranes, alleviated this effect on the suppressive cytotoxicity indices of irradiated AM.

Effect of DC-CIK in combined with chemotherapy on the immunological function in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Objective:To explore the effect of DC-CIK in combined with chemotherapy on the immunological function in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:A total of 86 patients with NSCLC who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and randomized into the observation group and the control group with 43 cases in each group. The patients in the two groups were given routine chemotherapy. On this basis, the patients in the observation group were given DC-CIK cellular immunotherapy. The patients in the two groups were treated for 3 courses. The peripheral blood T lymphocytes and cytokines after treatment in the two groups were compared. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in the two groups were evaluated.Results:The total effective rate and disease control rate after treatment in the observation group were slightly higher than those in the control group, but the comparison between the two groups was not statistically significant. CD8+ after treatment in the observation group was significantly reduced, while CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly elevated when compared with before treatment. CD3+ and NK contents, and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. IFN-γ, IL-4, TNF-α levels, and Th1/Th2 after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while TGF-β level was significantly lower than that in the control group. The occurrence rate of nausea and vomiting, and liver and renal function damage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, but the median progression free survival (PFS) was significantly longer than that in the control group, while the comparison of median overall survival (OS) between the two groups was not statistically significant, and 2-year survival rate was significantly higher than that in the control group.Conclusions: DC-CIK in combined with chemotherapy can correct the immunologic disorder in patients with advanced NSCLC, and strengthen the anti-tumor effect.

Zn-Al共掺杂和形貌调控制备LiMn_(2)O_(4)正极材料及其电化学性能

采用固相燃烧法在不同焙烧温度(600、650、700和750℃)下制备了LiZn_(0.05)Al_(0.03)Mn_(1.92)O_(4)正极材料,采用XRD、SEM、XPS对其进行了表征,通过循环伏安(CV)和电化学阻抗(EIS)测试了其电化学性能。结果表明,Zn-Al共掺杂和焙烧温度未改变LiMn_(2)O_(4)的晶体结构,正极材料的结晶性随焙烧温度(<750℃)的升高而增加,650℃及以上时形成了较多包含高暴露(111)晶面、小面积(110)、(100)晶面的截断八面体形貌晶粒,但750℃时正极材料发生部分分解。焙烧温度650℃的样品(LZAMO-650)表现出最佳的电化学性能,在5 C和10 C倍率下,初始放电比容量分别为101.3、99.9 mA·h/g,循环1000圈后容量保持率分别为81.5%、74.3%;LZAMO-650样品极化作用较小,有较好的循环可逆性,具有较低的电荷转移阻抗(R_(ct)=132.14Ω)和较大的锂离子扩散系数(DLi^(+)=3.65×10^(–16)cm^(2)/s)。Zn-Al共掺杂和形貌调控改性LiMn_(2)O_(4)正极材料有效抑制了Jahn-Teller效应,形成的截断八面体颗粒形貌降低了Mn的溶解,同时提供了更多的Li^(+)迁移三维通道,从而改善了材料的电化学性能。

Effects of Fermentation Compound Herbal Medicine on Production Performance and Immune Function of Weaned Piglets

The feed additive was composed of six Chinese Herbal（CH）（including Poria, Astragalus, Cork, Orange peel, Hawthorn and Radix）, which were fermented by Lactobacillus and used as a feed additive for piglets basal diet. Similar to group of antibiotic and herbal medicine, fermented herbal medicine was additived to basic diet in four trials with eight replications per trial, determining effect on the growth performance, biochemical and immunological indicators. Compared with the control group, the group of fermented herbal compound had higher Average Daily Gain（ADG）, higher content of immune globulin M（IgM） and immune globulin A（Ig A）（p〈0.05）. There was no significant effect on the indicators of ADG, Average Daily Feed Intake（ADFI） and diarrhea rate（p〉0.05） between groups of antibiotic and fermented herbal were observed; however, the concentrations of Total Protein（TP）, Growth Hormone（GH）, IgG, IgM and IgA significantly increased（p〈0.05） compared with the control group.

High-resolution computed tomography findings in humoral primary immunodeficiencies and correlation with pulmonary function tests

AIM To compare high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) findings between humoral primary immunodeficiencies(hPIDs) subtypes; to correlate these findings to pulmonary function tests(PFTs).METHODS We retrospectively identified 52 consecutive adult patients with hPIDs who underwent 64-row HRCT and PFTs at the time of diagnosis. On a per-patient basis, an experienced radiologist recorded airway abnormalities(bronchiectasis,airway wall thickening, mucus plugging, tree-in-bud, and air-trapping) and parenchymal-interstitial abnormalities(consolidations, ground-glass opacities,linear and/or irregular opacities, nodules, and bullae/cysts) found on HRCT.The chi-square test was performed to compare the prevalence of each abnormality among patients with different subtypes of hPIDs. Overall logistic regression analysis was performed to assess whether HRCT findings predicted obstructive and/or restrictive PFTs results(absent-to-mild vs moderate-tosevere).RESULTS Thirty-eight of the 52 patients with hPIDs showed common variable immunodeficiency disorders(CVID), while the remaining 14 had CVID-like conditions(i.e., 11 had isolated IgG subclass deficiencies and 3 had selective IgA deficiencies). The prevalence of most HRCT abnormalities was not significantly different between CVID and CVID-like patients(P > 0.05), except for linear and/or irregular opacities(prevalence of 31.6% in the CVID group and 0 in the CVID-like group; P = 0.0427). Airway wall thickening was the most frequent HRCT abnormality found in both CVID and CVID-like patients(71% of cases in both groups). The presence of tree-in-bud abnormalities was an independent predictor of moderate-to-severe obstructive defects at PFTs(Odds Ratio, OR, of 18.75, P < 0.05), while the presence of linear and/or irregular opacities was an independent predictor of restrictive defects at PFTs(OR = 13.00; P < 0.05).CONCLUSION CVID and CVID-like patients showed similar HRCT findings. Tree-in-bud and linear and/or irregular opacities predicted higher risks of, respectively,obstructive and restrictive defects at PFTs.

ORTHOGONAL MATRIX POLYNOMIALS WITH RESPECT TO LINEAR MATRIX MOMENT FUNCTION ALS:THEORY AND APPLICATIONS

In this paper orthogonal matrix polynomials with respect to a right matrix moment functional an introduced. Basic results, important examples and applications to the approximation of matrix integrals are studied. Error bounds for the proposed matrix quadrature rules are given.

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of functionally graded Al2024/SiC composites prepared by powder metallurgy techniques

Al2024/SiC functionally graded materials (FGMs) with different numbers of graded layers and different amounts of SiC were fabricated successfully by powder metallurgy method and hot pressing process. The effects of increasing SiC content and number of layers of Al2024/SiC FGMs on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses indicated that Al and SiC were dominant components as well as others such as Al4C3, CuAl2, and CuMgAl2

Ti/Al_2O_3 Functionally Gradient Material Prepared by the Explosive Compaction/SHS Process

Ti1Al2O3 Functionally Gradient Material (FGM) was prepared by an explosive compaction/SHS process. Ten sheets of the compounding powder were laminated and pressed to get a green body of FGM. It was then compacted explosively By burying the explosive compaction body into a stoichiometric Al/TiO2 mixture and igniting the combustion of the stoichiometric Al/TiO2 mixture, the SHS reaction of the explosive compaction body was initiated by the heat released from the combustion of the stoichiometric Al/TiO2 mixture. In this way, Ti/Al2O3 FGM was synthesized. The adiabatic temperatures of each gradient layer were calculated when the preheating temperatures were 298 K and 1173 K, respectively The microstructure, composition and properties of Ti/Al2O3 FGM and the reaction mechanism of each gradient layer were studied. It was found that Ti/Al2O3 FGM prepared by the explosive compaction/SHS process had a high density and a high microhardness. Its structure, composition and properties showed apparent gradient distribution. The structure of the standard stoichiometric ratio gradient layer of FGM was a network structure. Its reaction mode could be described as follows: Al powder melted first, then the molten Al penetrated into the TiO2 zone and reacted with TiO2, and big pores were left in the original positions of Al powder. The reaction of gradient layers with the addition of Al3O3 as diluents was similar to that of the standard stoichiometric ratio gradient layer, so were their structure and composition. However, the reaction of gradient layers with the addition of Ti as diluents was more complex and the composition deviated slightly from the designed one

Shock-induced reaction behaviors of functionally graded reactive material

In this paper,the ballistic impact experiments,including impact test chamber and impact double-spaced plates,were conducted to study the reaction behaviors of a novel functionally graded reactive material(FGRM),which was composed of polytetrafluoroethylene/aluminum(PTFE/Al)and PTFE/Al/bismuth trioxide(Bi_(2)O_(3)).The experiments showed that the impact direction of the FGRM had a significant effect on the reaction.With the same impact velocity,when the first impact material was PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3),compared with first impact material PTFE/Al,the FGRM induced higher overpressure in the test chamber and larger damaged area of double-spaced plates.The theoretical model,which considered the shock wave generation and propagation,the effect of the shock wave on reaction efficiency,and penetration behaviors,was developed to analyze the reaction behaviors of the FGRM.The model predicted first impact material of the FGRM with a higher shock impedance was conducive to the reaction of reactive materials.The conclusion of this study provides significant information about the design and application of reactive materials.