Objective To study the feasibility of enforcing immunization certificate check before children enroll in primary schools or kindergartens in Guizhou Province. Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducte...Objective To study the feasibility of enforcing immunization certificate check before children enroll in primary schools or kindergartens in Guizhou Province. Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted. The multi-stage and cluster sampling approach was adopted for the quantitative part of the study. A questionnaire was designed and 996 children and their keepers were interviewed. Principals, doctors or teachers of the primary schools, directors and child care nurses of kindergarten, and staff of immunization agencies were invited to take part in 12 focus group discussions; meanwhile, face-to-face individual in-depth interviews with 16 officials of the Health, Education and Governmental Departments at various levels were conducted. Results The total number of subjects was 996. 16.7% of the children in the study completed all the procedures of the National Immunization Programme. 34.3% of them had immunization certificates while the remainder 44.7% registered in immunization agencies. Factors, including the migrant children, doubt about vaccine efficiency, mother’s occupation and educational background, knowledge of the National Immunization Programme on targeted vaccines, played an important role in obtaining or not immunization certificates. 95% of the keepers interviewed thought the immunization certificates were useful; 94.8% of them considered the check was critical while only 3.6% of them thought it unnecessary. The first reason from those who found it unnecessary was that they feared that repeated immunization might affect their children’s health. The second reason was the cost of immunization, which some of them could not afford to pay. However, the Health Department expressed a favorable attitude to the checking scheme. Though the Education Department agreed that the scheme was essential, they worried that it would affect the enrollment rate.Conclusion In spite of the difficulty in administering immunization certificate check, the effort would be rewarding for raising the immunization coverage rate among the children in Guizhou Province.展开更多
近年来,业务流程的精确管理受到越来越多的关注,作为业务流程管理内容之一的一致性检查技术正变得越来越重要。现有的一致性检查技术主要从模型的控制流角度出发,并未考虑业务流程中的数据或数据的变化对业务流程产生的影响,为此提出了...近年来,业务流程的精确管理受到越来越多的关注,作为业务流程管理内容之一的一致性检查技术正变得越来越重要。现有的一致性检查技术主要从模型的控制流角度出发,并未考虑业务流程中的数据或数据的变化对业务流程产生的影响,为此提出了一种基于数据影响的业务流程一致性检查方法。首先,通过业务流程建模符号(business process modeling notation,BPMN)模型中数据和行为之间的依赖关系来分析数据对偏差活动预期行为的影响,进而获取偏差活动的预期行为集;其次,通过在BPMN模型中引入决策模型和符号(decision model and notation,DMN)决策表来充分捕获当前实例执行的数据上下文与行为上下文之间的关系,以区分有效数据更改和异常数据更改,找到偏差活动的有效预期行为集。最后,通过设计数据对偏差活动影响的各类成本函数提出了有效一致性检查方法。实验结果表明,相比已有工作,该方法在进行业务流程一致性检查时提高了业务流程的一致性,可以成功捕获偏差活动作出反应的适应行为,使得业务流程在复杂多变的环境下表现得更加准确、合理。展开更多
文摘Objective To study the feasibility of enforcing immunization certificate check before children enroll in primary schools or kindergartens in Guizhou Province. Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted. The multi-stage and cluster sampling approach was adopted for the quantitative part of the study. A questionnaire was designed and 996 children and their keepers were interviewed. Principals, doctors or teachers of the primary schools, directors and child care nurses of kindergarten, and staff of immunization agencies were invited to take part in 12 focus group discussions; meanwhile, face-to-face individual in-depth interviews with 16 officials of the Health, Education and Governmental Departments at various levels were conducted. Results The total number of subjects was 996. 16.7% of the children in the study completed all the procedures of the National Immunization Programme. 34.3% of them had immunization certificates while the remainder 44.7% registered in immunization agencies. Factors, including the migrant children, doubt about vaccine efficiency, mother’s occupation and educational background, knowledge of the National Immunization Programme on targeted vaccines, played an important role in obtaining or not immunization certificates. 95% of the keepers interviewed thought the immunization certificates were useful; 94.8% of them considered the check was critical while only 3.6% of them thought it unnecessary. The first reason from those who found it unnecessary was that they feared that repeated immunization might affect their children’s health. The second reason was the cost of immunization, which some of them could not afford to pay. However, the Health Department expressed a favorable attitude to the checking scheme. Though the Education Department agreed that the scheme was essential, they worried that it would affect the enrollment rate.Conclusion In spite of the difficulty in administering immunization certificate check, the effort would be rewarding for raising the immunization coverage rate among the children in Guizhou Province.
文摘近年来,业务流程的精确管理受到越来越多的关注,作为业务流程管理内容之一的一致性检查技术正变得越来越重要。现有的一致性检查技术主要从模型的控制流角度出发,并未考虑业务流程中的数据或数据的变化对业务流程产生的影响,为此提出了一种基于数据影响的业务流程一致性检查方法。首先,通过业务流程建模符号(business process modeling notation,BPMN)模型中数据和行为之间的依赖关系来分析数据对偏差活动预期行为的影响,进而获取偏差活动的预期行为集;其次,通过在BPMN模型中引入决策模型和符号(decision model and notation,DMN)决策表来充分捕获当前实例执行的数据上下文与行为上下文之间的关系,以区分有效数据更改和异常数据更改,找到偏差活动的有效预期行为集。最后,通过设计数据对偏差活动影响的各类成本函数提出了有效一致性检查方法。实验结果表明,相比已有工作,该方法在进行业务流程一致性检查时提高了业务流程的一致性,可以成功捕获偏差活动作出反应的适应行为,使得业务流程在复杂多变的环境下表现得更加准确、合理。
