In order to ensure the highest safety requirements, nuclear power plant structures (the containment structures, the fuel storages and transportation systems) should be assessed against all possible internal and extern...In order to ensure the highest safety requirements, nuclear power plant structures (the containment structures, the fuel storages and transportation systems) should be assessed against all possible internal and external impact threats. The internal impact threats include kinetic missiles generated by the failure of high pressure vessels and pipes, the failure of high speed rotating machineries and accidental drops. The external impact threats may come from airborne missiles, aircraft impact, explosion blast and fragments. The impact effects of these threats on concrete and steel structures in a nuclear power plant are discussed. Methods and procedures for the impact assessment of nuclear power plants are introduced. Recent studies on penetration and perforation mechanics as well as progresses on dynamic properties of concrete-like materials are presented to increase the understanding of the impact effects on concrete containment structures.展开更多
工业控制系统(简称工控)是国家关键基础设施的核心,越来越多的工作开始关注工控系统安全。然而,这些工作的实际应用场景并不统一,因此他们取得的成果无法相互借鉴。为了解决这个问题,在深入研究这些安全技术的基础上,我们提出了工控系...工业控制系统(简称工控)是国家关键基础设施的核心,越来越多的工作开始关注工控系统安全。然而,这些工作的实际应用场景并不统一,因此他们取得的成果无法相互借鉴。为了解决这个问题,在深入研究这些安全技术的基础上,我们提出了工控系统安全态势感知(Situational Awareness for Industrial Control Systems Security,SA-ICSS)框架,该框架由态势觉察、态势理解和态势投射三个阶段构成。在态势觉察阶段,我们首先利用网络测绘和脆弱性发现技术获取完善的目标系统环境要素,如网络拓扑和漏洞信息;其次,我们将入侵检测和入侵诱捕等5种设备部署在目标系统中,以便从控制系统中捕获所有的可疑活动。在态势理解阶段,我们首先基于结构化威胁信息表达(Structured Threat Information Expression,STIX)标准对目标系统进行本体建模,构建了控制任务间的依赖关系以及控制任务与运行设备的映射关系;其次,自动化推理引擎通过学习分析师推理技术,从可疑活动中识别出攻击意图以及目标系统可能受到的影响。在态势投射阶段,我们首先利用攻击图、贝叶斯网络和马尔科夫模型从可疑活动中构建攻击模型;其次,我们利用现有的威胁评估技术从攻击模型中预测可能发生的攻击事件、可能被感染的设备以及可能存在的零日漏洞。我们阐述了SA-ICSS各个阶段的任务范围,并对其中的关键技术进行了分析与总结。最后,我们还探讨了SA-ICSS待解决的若干问题。展开更多
文摘In order to ensure the highest safety requirements, nuclear power plant structures (the containment structures, the fuel storages and transportation systems) should be assessed against all possible internal and external impact threats. The internal impact threats include kinetic missiles generated by the failure of high pressure vessels and pipes, the failure of high speed rotating machineries and accidental drops. The external impact threats may come from airborne missiles, aircraft impact, explosion blast and fragments. The impact effects of these threats on concrete and steel structures in a nuclear power plant are discussed. Methods and procedures for the impact assessment of nuclear power plants are introduced. Recent studies on penetration and perforation mechanics as well as progresses on dynamic properties of concrete-like materials are presented to increase the understanding of the impact effects on concrete containment structures.
文摘工业控制系统(简称工控)是国家关键基础设施的核心,越来越多的工作开始关注工控系统安全。然而,这些工作的实际应用场景并不统一,因此他们取得的成果无法相互借鉴。为了解决这个问题,在深入研究这些安全技术的基础上,我们提出了工控系统安全态势感知(Situational Awareness for Industrial Control Systems Security,SA-ICSS)框架,该框架由态势觉察、态势理解和态势投射三个阶段构成。在态势觉察阶段,我们首先利用网络测绘和脆弱性发现技术获取完善的目标系统环境要素,如网络拓扑和漏洞信息;其次,我们将入侵检测和入侵诱捕等5种设备部署在目标系统中,以便从控制系统中捕获所有的可疑活动。在态势理解阶段,我们首先基于结构化威胁信息表达(Structured Threat Information Expression,STIX)标准对目标系统进行本体建模,构建了控制任务间的依赖关系以及控制任务与运行设备的映射关系;其次,自动化推理引擎通过学习分析师推理技术,从可疑活动中识别出攻击意图以及目标系统可能受到的影响。在态势投射阶段,我们首先利用攻击图、贝叶斯网络和马尔科夫模型从可疑活动中构建攻击模型;其次,我们利用现有的威胁评估技术从攻击模型中预测可能发生的攻击事件、可能被感染的设备以及可能存在的零日漏洞。我们阐述了SA-ICSS各个阶段的任务范围,并对其中的关键技术进行了分析与总结。最后,我们还探讨了SA-ICSS待解决的若干问题。
