Eurasia Continental Bridge——An Important Link of the Coordinated Development between China's Eastern,Central and Western Regions

The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,

非靶向代谢组学分析影响轻中度脑卒中后认知功能障碍的生物标记物

背景:认知功能障碍是脑卒中后的常见并发症,其严重程度与患者的预后密切相关。如果能尽早识别患者的认知功能障碍严重程度并进行针对性治疗,那么患者的预后可以得到显著改善。目的:初步探索影响脑卒中后认知功能障碍疾病进展的潜在生物标志物,为其病理生理机制研究提供更为丰富和独特的参考依据。方法:采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术,对轻度与中度脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者的血清样本进行非靶向代谢组学分析,筛选出两组间差异代谢物,为了进一步验证差异代谢物的诊断效能,运用受试者工作特征曲线分析,评估它们在区分疾病严重程度方面的准确性和敏感性,此外还进行了差异代谢物通路分析。结果与结论:(1)轻度与中度脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者代谢谱存在显著差异,通过受试者工作特征曲线筛选出9个差异代谢物;(2)差异代谢物通路分析发现,影响轻、中度脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者疾病进展的代谢途径包括色氨酸代谢、D-氨基酸代谢、生物素代谢、视黄醇代谢、氨酰-tRNA生物合成、赖氨酸降解、蛋白质的消化和吸收、嘧啶代谢、半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢、ABC转运蛋白、氨基酸的生物合成、2-氧代羧酸代谢。结果筛选出影响轻、中度脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者疾病进展的潜在生物标志物9个,涉及色氨酸代谢、D-氨基酸代谢和视黄醇代谢等12条代谢途径。

基于AI的多模态融合感知综合决策系统设计实现

针对传统军事要地安防系统智能化程度较低,各自独立互不关联,缺少顶层数据综合治理等问题,选取外围周界、重要卡口、无人巡更和区域高点四种典型安防业务场景开展建模,通过数据标准化接入、智能研判分析、安防态势显示三个处理环节,构建基于AI的多模态融合感知综合决策系统,实现前端感知多维化、中台研判智能化、后端处置多样化,有效支撑了重要军事目标安全防卫,系统后续也具有良好的可扩展性与可维护性。

Stand Structure, Diversity and Regeneration Status of Woody Species in Open and Exclosed Dry Woodland Sites around <i>Molapo</i>Farming Areas of the Okavango Delta, Northeastern Botswana

Stand structure, diversity and regeneration status of woody species were investigated in open and exclosed dry woodland sites in Island Safari, Shorobe and Xobe, northeastern Botswana. A total of 105, 111 and 130 quadrats, measuring 20 × 20 m each, were laid down along parallel line transects in the three sites, respectively, to collect data. A total of 47 species, representing 16 families and 24 genera, were recorded in the study sites. Of these, 33 species representing 13 families and 20 genera, 41 species representing 15 families and 23 genera and 27 species representing 10 families and 14 genera were encountered in Island Safari, Shorobe and Xobe, respectively. The most diverse family was Fabaceae followed by Combretaceae and Tiliaceae at all the three sites. The most diverse genus was Acacia, followed by Combretum and Grewia. The diversity of woody species in the study sites were 2.18, 2.15 and 1.5 in Shorobe, Island Safari and Xobe, respectively, while their corresponding evenness values were 0.6, 0.6 and 0.5, respectively. The mean densities of the woody species encountered in Island Safari, Shorobe and Xobe were 2629, 4271 and 2745 individuals ha&#451, respectively. The five densest species were Colophospermum mopane, Dichrostachys cinerea, Acacia tortilis, Philenoptera violacea and Terminalia prunioides in Island Safari, C. mopane, A. tortilis, A. erioloba, P. violacea and D. cinerea in Shorobe and Acacia mellifera, A. tortilis, P. nelsii, A. luederitzii and A. erubescens in Xobe. The highest important value index values were exhibited by C. mopane, D. cinerea, A. tortilis, P. violacea and T. prunioides in Island Safari, C. mopane, A. erioloba, A. tortilis, P. violacea and C. imberbe in Shorobe, and A. mellifera, A. tortilis, P. nelsii and A. luederitzii in Xobe. The alarming result was the fact that 71%, 80% and 85% of the woody species recorded in Island Safari, Shorobe and Xobe, respectively, exhibited hampered regeneration and, thus, unhealthy population structures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to address the observed unhealthy population structures of the woody species through investigation of the major causes of their hampered regeneration, and also designing measures that will facilitate natural and artificial regeneration of these species at the three study sites.

Identifying the priority areas for enhancing the ecosystem services in hilly and mountainous areas of southern China

Ecosystem services can be enhanced through ecological restoration,industrial structure adjustment,land-use optimization,and agricultural and forestry ecosystem transformation.The ecosystem services in hilly and mountainous areas of southern China are crucially needed to be enhanced since these regions are important ecological functional zones in China.However,due to its large area,it is not possible to simultaneously upgrade the ecosystem services for all areas,and therefore,priority areas need to be selected to individually upgrade the ecosystem service function.In this study,via an approach of combining remote sensing,geographic information system,and spatial statistics,we identify the priority areas that need to be upgraded based on the analysis of ecological sensitivity,importance of ecosystem service function,and decreased degree in ecosystem services.For five counties in hilly and mountainous areas of southern China,only less than 2% of the total area was identified as the first priority area;its land-use compositions were analyzed and recommendations on how to enhance ecosystem service were suggested.This approach overcomes the conflict and contradiction issues associated with identifying priority areas in previous studies and solves the problems of high cost or difficult implementation of priority areas.

Diversity of Flowering Plants in Nubri Valley, Manaslu Conservation Area, Central Nepal

Central Nepal has long history in the field of botanical investigation in contrast with different parts of the nation. Nevertheless, the present study area (Manaslu Conservation Area) is still under-explored. The present floristic study was carried out with the aim of fulfilling this gap by giving particular attention on flowering plants and their documentation. Two field visits were directed in May-June 2012 and September-October 2012 in two unique seasons with a specific end goal to gather plant samples of both seasons. On the contrary, herbarium specimens were prepared and later identified at Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH) and National Herbarium and Plant Laboratory (KATH). The present study uncovers the presence of 276 species of flowering plants belonging to 78 families and 200 genera of which 63 families belong to dicotyledons and 15 families belong to monocotyledons. Among these, 17 species (6.15%) of climbers, 178 species (64.49%) of herbs, 58 species (21.01%) of shrubs and 23 species (8.33%) of trees are found. Economically important flowering plants comprise about 156 species where 75 species are used as medicine, 29 species as fuel wood, 23 species as fodder, 29 species are edible, 6 species are for religious purpose, 5 specifically for construction purpose, 10 for ornamental and 13 species reported to have miscellaneous uses. MCA accounts to 9 flowering plant species for research and development and agro-technology development and 12 species are listed under IUCN and CAMP threatened categories. MCA and its affinity are likewise house to 10 endemic flowering plants. As from the study it can be inferred that Manaslu Conservation Area (MCA) is a treasure hub of flowering plants that not only represent its economic importance rather it is also a house to threaten and endemic flowering plants. Thus, proper management plans must be implemented for the conservation of resources in MCA.

航空器场面滑行关键路径识别与抗毁性研究

为准确辨识机场地面滑行系统重要路段,提升拥塞风险控制能力,通过构建机场活动区交通网络模型,从节点近邻、全局路径、特征向量和网络位置4个角度挖掘关键节点,提出改进介数中心性算法,得到节点重要度排序样例集。综合鲁棒性、性能下降速率以及单位时间性能损失等网络性能指标,通过抗毁性实验分析性能变化曲线,确定综合抗毁性衡量指标ki测度下复杂网络节点重要度排序结果,实现关键路径识别。以华北某机场为例开展实证研究,结果表明:机场活动区交通网络具有较小的聚类系数,在随机攻击下抗毁性较强,基于度中心性的节点序列为所有样例中最满足实际运行中的关键路段,管制员可实施重点路段流量调配,抑制冲突。

磨盘山落叶阔叶林乔木结构动态

按照CTFS标准和技术规范,于2005年设置5.76 hm^(2)森林动态定位监测大样地,以20 m×20 m样方为单位,利用网格法将其划分为5 m×5 m小样方,调查样方内胸径≥1 cm的木本植物种类、相对位置、胸径、树高、枝下高等,2009、2016、2021年采用同样方法复测调查。基于大样地内木本植物相关数据,研究次生落叶阔叶林乔木群落结构动态变化。结果显示:1)该样地共记录到乔木层植物16科23属33种,共241887株,大多属东亚和北亚温带分布区类型,是温带落叶阔叶林常见树种;2)历次调查树种径级组成均以小径级为主,树种个体主要集中在10 cm径级以下,幼龄树种占绝大多数;3)全林分、主要树种单位面积蓄积量随林龄增加林分蓄积量先减小后增大。主要树种年蓄积量大致分为4类:年蓄积量明显下降;年蓄积量增加幅度逐渐下降;在调查时间内年蓄积量变化不明显;年蓄积量逐年增加。各阶段蓄积量差异较大,主要是由幼苗更新量变化和群落发育阶段各树种生长特性不同导致。

中国“增加自周边国家进口”的事实、问题与建议

增加自周边国家进口是国家提出的重要工作,也是中国践行互利共赢开放战略的具体实践。中国增加自周边国家进口不仅有利于中国经济高质量发展,而且有利于为周边国家经济发展提供“中国动能”。但是,中国和周边国家之间的互联互通水平有待进一步提高、经贸合作程度总体不高、部分周边国家地缘政治风险较高、沿边地区边民互市贸易发展有待进一步提高等问题制约了中国增加自周边国家进口。因此,中国政府要加快沿边地区的基础设施建设,为周边国家建设基础设施提供支持;加快与周边国家签署自贸协定,调动周边国家深度参与“一带一路”共建;大力发展沿边地区的边民互市贸易,积极探索建立沿边自由贸易试验区;建立进口风险预警防范机制,保障自周边国家进口的稳定性;积极宣传周边命运共同体意识,加强同周边国家的人文交流合作。

习近平关于革命老区振兴发展重要论述的三重阐释

习近平关于革命老区振兴发展重要论述深刻阐释了新时代推动革命老区振兴发展的指导思想、目标理念和工作方法,充分彰显了全心全意为人民服务的使命担当,标志着中国共产党对革命老区振兴发展的规律性认识达到了新高度。从生成逻辑、核心要义和实践要求三个层次分析其思想,有助于深化对习近平关于革命老区振兴发展重要论述的完整理解,强化扎实推进革命老区振兴发展的定力。

边疆民族地区输入型公共卫生安全风险的制度协同治理机制研究

公共卫生安全风险是非传统安全风险的组成部分,一定情况下会威胁到国家总体安全。我国边疆民族地区多处于边境地带,既是境外公共卫生安全风险向国内输入的脆弱性空间,又是防范化解境外公共卫生安全风险的安全屏障。那么,如何有效治理边疆民族地区输入型公共卫生安全风险是当前亟须解决的重要问题。从输入型公共卫生安全风险的生成缘由、影响因素、发展态势等方面分析,边疆民族地区输入型公共卫生安全风险治理需遵循出入境制度、婚育制度、就业制度、反走私制度、公共卫生安全制度与社会公共安全制度。基于协同治理理论,在审视各项制度的基础上,通过制度建设协同、制度运行协同、制度保障协同构建边疆民族地区输入型公共卫生安全风险的制度协同治理机制,为边疆民族地区输入型公共卫生安全风险治理提供可行方案。

元谋干热河谷区红火蚁药剂防控研究

红火蚁是元谋干热河谷区一种具有重大危害的危险性入侵生物,为了筛选出适用于干热河谷区的红火蚁防治药剂,开展了7种杀虫剂对红火蚁的防效试验。结果表明:对蚁巢的防控效果,药后7 d以8%高效氯氰菊酯可湿性粉剂的最好,其次是0.73%氟蚁腙饵剂,平均防效分别为100.00%和93.75%,药后14和21 d时,8%高效氯氰菊酯可湿性粉剂和2.05%氟蚁腙吡虫啉杀虫饵剂的防效均达100.00%,其他药剂处理的防效均为93.75%;8%高效氯氰菊酯可湿性粉剂在施药后1 d时单个蚁巢工蚁的虫口减退率达100.00%,且显著高于除0.1%呋虫胺饵剂处理以外的其他处理,施药后7 d供试药剂的虫口减退率均在90%以上,但在施药后21 d时其虫口减退率均出现下降。因此,可交替使用7种供试药剂进行红火蚁的防控,建议先撒施0.2%高效氯氰菊酯粉剂、0.73%氟蚁腙饵剂、2.05%氟蚁腙吡虫啉杀虫饵剂等控制红火蚁,然后用8%高效氯氰菊酯可湿性粉剂灌巢彻底铲除红火蚁。

中国地理学者“可持续”研究的文献分析(1994—2021)

地理学研究可持续发展旨在构建人与自然命运共同体,实现人类社会的永续发展.该文依托CNKI数据库、读秀资源库以及Web of Science数据库,限定主题词为“可持续”“可持续发展”和“可持续性”,采用CiteSpace软件对1994—2021年中国地理学者“可持续”研究的核心力量、重点区域与重要领域进行文献计量分析,结果表明:1)中国地理学者“可持续”研究的过程可分为快速兴起(1994—2001年)、稳定发展(2002—2011年)和整固深化(2012—2021年)三个阶段.2)中国开展“可持续”研究的地理学者多达624位,主要是自然地理学者和人文地理学者,研究机构多达258个,主要是中国科学院所属地理单位,机构间合作具有空间邻近性,机构空间分布具有东、中、西梯度分异性;中国地理学者“可持续”研究的对象区域以地方行政区域为主,服务国家重大区域发展战略的特色鲜明.3)中国地理学者“可持续”研究的重点领域有资源可持续利用、生态环境保护与建设、农业可持续发展、旅游可持续发展、可持续发展教育、可持续发展伦理、消除贫困与可持续生计、区域人地关系协调、城市可持续发展、农村可持续发展、区域可持续发展战略、区域可持续发展评价等.4)未来中国地理学者的“可持续”研究应在可持续发展专业人才培养、可持续发展理论体系完善、可持续发展研究领域拓展、可持续发展服务能力提升等方面下功夫.

鄱阳湖越冬雁类时空分布特征及热点区域识别

鄱阳湖是东亚—澳大利西亚迁徙路线上重要的水鸟越冬栖息地,雁类是迁徙路线上的优势种群。然而,近年来迁徙路线上的雁类种群数量有所下降,识别越冬地雁类时空分布特征,确定分布热点区域是科学、精准保护的前提。本研究利用2018—2021年越冬期在鄱阳湖区域开展的共58次水鸟调查数据,提取了基于时间序列的白额雁(Anser albifrons)、豆雁(Anserfabalis)、鸿雁(Anser cygnoid)的分布数据,分析了3种雁类在越冬地的种群动态、时间和空间分布动态,评估了鄱阳湖各子湖的重要性,确定了雁类分布热点区域。研究结果表明,3种雁类在越冬地的种群数量表现出一定的年际波动,雁类种群总数量维持在27.9万~44.8万只;不同雁类迁徙的时间节律存在差异,本次地面调查数据显示白额雁、豆雁、鸿雁分别是在10月初至11月初、11月中旬、12月中旬到达鄱阳湖,其中鸿雁到达最晚;高峰期集中在11月底至次年2月初,持续时间约为100天;3种雁类分别在2月中旬、2月底和3月中旬开始迁离鄱阳湖。3种雁类空间分布范围有所差异,豆雁分布范围最广,白额雁分布相对集中,高峰期雁类的分布范围最大,对子湖的利用强度也最大。从空间分布特征来看,大湖池和大汊湖重要性最高,鄱阳湖保护区是雁类利用强度最高的区域,其次是都昌保护区。此外,雁类,特别是鸿雁,对保护区以外的子湖利用强度也较高。本研究对精准刻画鄱阳湖越冬雁类时空分布范围、针对性地开展栖息地保护和修复、加强子湖保护和管理具有重要意义。

The Role of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems in the Construction of China’s National Park System and the Optimisation of the Protected Area System

Conservation-compatible development of rural communities is an important part of nature conservation objectives.Understanding the role of agriculture,which is often practiced in or bordering the protected areas in rural China,is critical for managing conservation networks considering that limited spatial areas are available for enclosed protected areas.Important Agricultural Heritage Systems stand out for their multi-functionality,and some of their values are compatible with nature conservation.This paper examined the concept,management objectives and resource management characteristics of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)by analysing their interactions with national parks in terms of community development.The results reveal that management strategies of dynamic conservation,integrated protection and adaptive management of the IAHS can contribute to those national park management objectives concerning conservation-compatible livelihood.However,the typology of the protected area system,including the traditional agricultural system as a new type,needs further consideration.

Conservation of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems in the Economically Developed Area:Experiences,Problems and Solutions——A Case Study of Zhejiang Province

Zhejiang Province,located in the Yangtze River Delta region,is representative of China’s economically developed areas.It enjoys superior natural conditions and a long history of agriculture,and is a comprehensive agricultural area with integrated development of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery.It has nurtured the farming culture represented by Hemudu culture and Liangzhu culture,which have given rise to numerous precious Agricultural Heritage Systems.At present,Zhejiang Province has three of the world’s Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)and 12 China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(China-NIAHS),so it not only has the largest number of heritages in China,but it has also attained remarkable achievements in heritage conservation.Taking Zhejiang Province as an example in combination with the rural revitalization strategy,this paper summarizes the achievements in the protection of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)in Zhejiang Province during the past 15 years from the aspects of increasing farmers’income,cultural Inheritance and industrial upgrading,as well as the conservation experiences in government promotion,community initiative,enterprise participation,technology driving and social linkage.Further,in view of the problems that exist in the current heritage protection,such as imperfect management of heritage sites,low participation of community residents,lack of special protection funds,and imperfect provincial management system,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:(1)Improve the management mechanism for the conservation and development of Agricultural Heritage Systems;(2)Develop regional public branding of agricultural products in Agricultural Heritage System sites;(3)Increase the Agricultural Heritage System science education as well as cultural and creative product development;(4)Carry out the evaluation and recognition of IAHS at the provincial level;and(5)Provide substantial support and input to the conservation and utilization of IAHS.This study can provide some guidance for the conservation of IAHS in Zhejiang Province and it provides important reference for IAHS in the economically developed areas in China.

2023年我国茶叶产销及进出口形势分析

2023年,我国茶园面积、产量、产值稳定增长,茶类结构基本稳定,内销总量基本持平。18个主要产茶省(直辖市、自治区)的茶园总面积343.31万hm^(2),干毛茶总产量为333.95万t,总产值3 296.68亿元。全国茶叶内销总量240.4万t,内销总额3 346.7亿元。2023年,我国茶叶出口总量36.75万t,出口额17.39亿美元,均出现小幅回调。文章基于2023年中国茶叶产销数据,从不同茶叶品类的生产、国内销售、进出口等角度对当前全国茶产业的产销形势进行了全面梳理,并对今后一段时期中国茶产业的发展趋势进行了预判,就当前产业存在的问题给出了相关建议。

基于生态系统服务功能和保护动物栖息地适宜性评价的优先保护区选取——以三江源地区为例

在人类活动日益频繁、全球气候变化加剧的时代背景下,生态系统服务功能不断衰减,野生动物栖息地日渐丧失。面对众多亟需保护的区域,如何利用有限的资源实现最有大的保护效果,成为推动区域可持续发展战略的关键。三江源地区生态系统脆弱敏感,生物多样性面临严重威胁,设立保护区是提高生态系统服务功能和生物多样性最有效的方法之一。目前同时考虑到生态系统服务功能价值、生物多样性保护价值和人类活动空间需求的研究方法较少。基于生态系统服务功能重要性评价、最大熵(MaxEnt)模型评估野生动物栖息地适宜性并考虑人类活动空间需求,对三江源地区的保护价值进行评估,为综合确定优先保护区域提供新方法。评价体系中对4种生态系统服务功能重要性以及20种国家重点保护物种栖息地适宜性进行了评价与分析,更加真实可信的反映了区域的保护优先性。结果表明,1)三江源地区高生态系统服务功能区域主要位于东南部地区,整体呈现东南高于西北的趋势。2)野生动物栖息地高、较高适宜性区域位于三江源中西部地区,面积总计为8.75×10^(4) km^(2),其中41.2%的区域分布于三江源国家公园内。3)三江源地区极高优先级保护区域面积为3.01×10^(4) km^(2),位于三江源地区中西部,占总面积的8.0%,其中35.8%的区域位于三江源国家公园内。三江源地区优先保护区域主要位于长江源区、澜沧江源区和囊谦县,应对以上地区生态系统和生物多样性进行保护。研究成果可为保护区位置的确定和弥补保护空缺提供了科学依据。