A prospective study of patient reported urinary incontinence among American, Norwegian and Spanish men 1 year after prostatectomy

Objective:To compare pre-and post-radical prostatectomy(RP)responses in the urinary incontinence domain of Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26(EPIC-26)in cohorts from the USA,Norway and Spain.Methods:A prospective study of pre-and 1-year post-treatment responses in American(nZ537),Norwegian(nZ520)and Spanish(nZ111)patients,establishing the prevalence of urinary incontinence defined according to published dichotomization.Thereafter we focused on the response alternatives“occasional dribbling”,pad use and problem experience.A multivariate logistic regression analysis(significance level≤0.01)considered risk factors for“not retaining total control”.

Impact of Radical Prostatectomy on Urinary Incontinence, Erectile Dysfunction and General Quality of Life

The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of radical retropubic prostatectomy on patient’s quality of life. Patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy were followed for six months after surgery. We used quality of life questionnaires to study specific urinary symptoms and general health. WHOQOL-Bref (World Health Organization for Quality of Life) questionnaire was used to evaluate general health aspects, ICIQ-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form), OABq (Overactive Bladder) and IPSS (International Prostatic Symptom Score) to evaluate incontinence and overactive bladder symptoms and Male Sexual Quotient to assess postoperative sexual dysfunctions. The questionnaires were scheduled before surgery, one, three and six months after surgery. Regarding the OAB-q scores, I-PSS and WHOQOL-Bref (physical, psychological, environmental, general, Question 1 and Question 2), symptoms worsened after one month if compared to preoperative symptoms. After six months, the WHOQOL’s social domain, the ICIQ-SF and QS-M scores remained worse if compared to preoperative evaluation. The incidence of sexual dysfunctions after six months was 0.83. In conclusion, urinary incontinence affects patient’s quality of life with gradual recovery after six months postoperatively. The social domain was the most common aspect affected by urinary incontinence. Our sexual dysfunction incidence was higher than other studies and this fact could be explained by many surgeries having been done by residents.

Effect of puboprostatic ligament preservation during robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy on early continence:Randomized controlled trial

Objective:To prove the effectiveness of puboprostatic ligament-preserving robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical(RARP)on enhancing early continence.Methods:Ninety-two patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate scheduled for RARP from April 2018 to January 2019 were prospectively single-blinded and randomized into two groups,standard RARP(Group A)and puboprostatic ligament-sparing RARP(Group B).The outcomes were continent status at Foley catheter removal and 3 months after surgery using the score from the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form(ICIQ-UI SF),pad usage,pathological margin status,blood loss,operative time,and complications.Results:Ninety-six patients were randomized(46 patients in each group),with a mean±SD age of 67.30±6.07 years.There were no differences in baseline characteristics.At 3 months after surgery,ICIQ-UI SF score(mean±SD)in Group A was significantly higher than Group B(8.74±4.28 vs.6.93±3.96,p=0.038)but no difference at Foley catheter removal.Group A also had a significant higher score for interference with daily life(median[interquartile range,IQR]:4[1,5]vs.2[0,4];p=0.041)and higher pad use(median[IQR]:2[0,3]vs.1[1,2];p=0.041)at 3 months.One case in Group A had complete or severe incontinence(>5 pads/day)at 3 months.Groups A and B did not exhibit significant difference in margin status(p=0.828).There were no differences in operative time,blood loss,drain output or complications.Conclusions:Use of puboprostatic ligament-sparing RARP could be a method to accelerate early continence without affecting the final oncological outcome.

The 5-year functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy： a real-life experience in Korea

We investigated the functional outcomes regarding erectile function and urinary continence up to 5 years following radical prostatectomy （RP） in a cohort of Korean men. We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic data of 85 Korean men who received open uni- or bilateral nerve-sparing RP for clinically localized prostate cancer and were followed up for at least 5 years postoperatively. From medical records, patients＇ status regarding urinary and erectile function at baseline and postoperative followups after RP was assessed. At 24 and 60 months after RP, proportions of subjects continent （no pads used） were 89.4% and 97.6%, respectively （P = 0.007）. Excluding subjects （n = 24） who preoperatively reported having severe erectile dysfunction or lacked relevant informations, proportions of subjects capable of having vaginal intercourse regardless of erectile aid usage were 47.5% and 37.7% at 24 and 60 months from RP, respectively （P = 0.022）. Patient＇s age at surgery （P = 0.047） and salvage radiation therapy （P = 0.026） were observed to be significant predictors of having erections sufficient for intercourse at 60 months from RP in multivariate analysis. Our results showed that while patients＇ postoperative status regarding urinary continence at 2 years from RP is generally maintained or improved at 5 year point, erectile function was observed to significantly declined from 2 years to 5 years following RP. Such decline in erectile function following RP may be more significant among men who were relatively older at surgery or those who received salvage therapy during postoperative follow-ups.

Sustainable functional urethral reconstruction:Maximizing early continence recovery in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy

Objective:To evaluate the safety profile and short-term functional outcome of sustainable functional urethral reconstruction(SFUR)in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods:One hundred and sixty-two consecutive prostate cancer patients who underwent RARP were retrospectively analyzed,in which 53 had undergone SFUR while the other 109 had undergone conventional RARP procedures.Immediate,2-week,1-month and 3-month continence recovery and other perioperative data were compared to evaluate short-term surgical and functional outcome.Results:The median age was 68 and 67 years in the experimental group and control group,respectively(pZ0.206),with a median prostate-specific antigen(PSA)of 13.6 ng/mL(interquartile range[IQR],8.46e27.32 ng/mL)in the experimental group and 13.84 ng/mL(IQR,9.12e26.80 ng/mL)in control group(pZ0.846).Immediate,2-week,1-month and 3-month continence recovery rates between the groups were 34.0%vs.3.7%,50.9%vs.14.7%,62.3%vs.27.5%,and 79.2%vs.63.3%(all p<0.05).The morphological changes made by the new reconstruction technique were maintained on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)3 months postoperatively.Nerve-sparing procedures and adoption of the new reconstruction technique were significantly relevant to continence recovery on logistics regression model(p<0.001).Conclusions:SFUR is a safe and easy-to-handle modification that may contribute to early continence return for RARP.Long-term follow-up and prospective studies are required to further evaluate its value in postoperative quality-of-life improvement.

Surgical approach affecting long-term urinary continence status after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy prospectively evaluated using self-reported functional status(Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite,EPIC-26)

Purpose:The aim of the study was to examine the influence of the surgical approach for robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy(RALP)on long-term urinary continence status in the era of self-reported functional status measures using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite 26.Materials and methods:This is a prospective evaluation of 232 patients undergoing RALP between September,2019 and September,2020.Urinary continence status and postoperative incontinence(pad usage)were evaluated 12 months after RALP using Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite 26 questionnaires.Patients were categorized according to their surgical approach and outcome into the following groups:successful nerve sparing(NS),primarily without nerve sparing(prim.NNS),and no nerve sparing by secondary resection(NNS by SR).The median levels of their questionnaire outcomes were evaluated and compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test with continuity correction.Results:Urinary continence status 12 months after RALP differed significantly between the NS and prim.NNS(p=0.0071)and the NS and NNS by SR(p=0.0076)groups.There was no significant difference between the prim.NNS and NNS by SR(p=0.53)groups.Pad usage 12 months after RALP had no significant difference with regard to SR of the neurovascular bundle(p=0.14).Conclusions:Patient-reported outcomes of long-term urinary continence status seem to show no difference in postoperative continence,regardless of whether a non-nerve-sparing result was planned or reached through SR.Instead,preservation of neurovascular bundle seems to lead to better long-term continence rates.

Contemporary trends in radical prostatectomy and predictors of recovery of urinary continence in men aged over 70 years:comparisons between cohorts aged over 70 and less than 70 years

We evaluated contemporary trends in radical prostatectomy(RP)in men aged>70 years and investigated associations of selected variables with recovery of urinary continence(UC)in two age groups:>70 and<70 years.A retrospective cohort of 2301 eligible patients attending our institution from 2004 to 2015 was reviewed.Patients were divided into two groups based on age at surgery(>70 years[n=610]vs<70 years[n=1691])and four groups by year of surgery.Over the study period,the proportion of patients aged>70 years gradually increased up to 30.0%,and the rate of robot-assisted RP and neurovascular bundle(NVB)saving increased continually to 80.0%and 67.4%of older patients,respectively.Although the rate of recovery of UC within 12 months(3 months)in patients aged>70 years was lower than that in those aged S70 years(81.5%[52.6%]vs 88.6%[60.9%],respectively;both P<0.001),the gap between age groups in the rate of recovery within 12 mon ths n arrowed from the sec ond quarter of the study period.Among youn ger patie nts,age,robot-assisted RP,prostate volume,membra nous urethral length(MUL),and NVB savi ng were predictors of recovery of UC within 3 or 12 months.In contrast,only age and MUL were predictors of recovery of UC within 3 and 12 months in patients aged>70 years.Therefore,unlike younger patients,only variables(age and MUL),possibly associated with the inhere nt fun ction of the urinary sphi ncter,were predictors of recovery of UC in patients aged>70 years.

Randomized clinical trial of a bladder neck plication stitch during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

Urinary incontinence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy （RARP） is one of the most bothersome complications affecting patients＇ daily lives. The efficacy of the bladder neck plication stitch technique in promoting an earlier return of continence was prospectively evaluated in 158 patients who underwent RARP for clinically localized prostate cancer by a single surgeon at our institute from March 2012 to January 2013. Patients were randomized 1：1 to undergo surgery with （n = 79） or without （n = 79） the bladder neck plication stitch, and their time to recovery from incontinence, defined as being pad free, was compared. Recovery from incontinence at 1, 3, and 6 months were observed in 22 （27.8%）, 42 （53.2%）, and 57 （72.2%） patients, respectively, treated with, and 23 （29.1%）, 47 （59.5%）, and 59 （74.7%） patients, respectively, treated without the bladder neck plication stitch, with no significant difference in time to recovery from incontinence between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that age, membranous urethral length and shape of the prostatic apex on magnetic resonance imaging were independent predictors of early recovery from urinary incontinence after RARP. The bladder neck plication stitch had no effect on time to recovery from postoperative urinary incontinence following RARR

Qualitative analysis of online discussion boards for male urinary incontinence after prostate treatment

Introduction:Though urinary incontinence(UI)after prostate treatment often contributes to emotional distress and significantly impacts quality of life,many patients do not discuss this condition with their physicians.We analyzed the patient perspective by examining online support group posts to gain insight into specific challenges associated with different UI management methods. Methods:We examined discussion board threads from multiple patient-focused forums on experiences of UI due to prostate treatment(threads from January 2016 to January 2022).Principles of grounded theory in thematic analysis were used to analyze the threads. Results:Three hundred and eighteen posts from 84 unique users were analyzed.Among users,47(56%)reported UI following radical prostatectomy(RP),5(6%)secondary to radiation therapy(RT),12(14%)after a combination of RP and RT,and 20(24%)were ambiguous.UI management methods included pads/diapers/liners,condom catheters/external clamps,Kegels/pelvic floor physiotherapy,and surgical treatment(artificial urinary sphincter or sling placement).We identified challenges common to all management methods:"requires trial and error,""physical discomfort,"and"difficult to be in public."Factors influencing management choices included the ability to"feel normal"and the development of a management routine. Conclusion:The current study identifies opportunities for improved expectation-setting and education regarding post-procedural UI and its management.These findings can serve as a guide for providers to counsel patients on the advantages and disadvantages of UI management devices.

前列腺穿刺术后不同时机行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的效果与安全性的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的探究前列腺穿刺术后不同时机行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(LRP)对治疗效果的影响。方法前瞻性选取2022年1月至2023年8月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的165例前列腺癌(PCa)患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为超早期组、早期组、晚期组各55例。超早期组于前列腺穿刺术后7 d内行LRP,早期组于前列腺穿刺术后6周内行LRP,晚期组于前列腺穿刺术后6~8周行LRP。比较三组患者的切缘阳性率、手术相关指标以及术前和术后1 d、3 d的创伤指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)],术前与术后7 d的尿流动力学[最大尿流率状态下逼尿肌压力(Pdetat Q_(max))、残余尿量(PVR)、最大尿流率(Q_(max))],术前与术后3个月、6个月的肿瘤因子[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、转化生长因子-β_(1)(TGF-β_(1))、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)]水平,术后3个月、6个月的尿失禁和勃起功能异常率。结果三组患者的切缘阳性率与手术相关指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1 d,超早期组患者的CRP和IL-6水平分别为(12.25±1.68)mg/L、(33.18±6.22)ng/L,明显高于早期组的(10.71±1.41)mg/L、(28.51±5.19)ng/L和晚期组的(10.53±1.25)mg/L、(28.39±5.37)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者术后7 d的尿流动力学比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组患者术后3个月、6个月的血清PSA、TGF-β_(1)、VEGF水平、术后尿失禁、勃起功能异常率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论前列腺穿刺术后不同时机行LRP对手术效果无明显影响,但穿刺术后越早手术机体的创伤应激越明显,实践中需根据患者耐受力合理选择手术时机。

机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁经盆底功能训练前置及其延续性治疗效果观察

目的观察盆底功能训练(pelvic floor muscle training,PFMT)前置及其延续性治疗对于经机器人辅助下前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁患者的早期控尿功能康复是否存在积极作用。方法回顾性分析2023年4月至2024年4月四川大学华西医院膀胱康复/管理门诊收治的64例前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁(3个月内)患者的临床资料,根据患者在术前及术后是否进行PFMT分为观察组与对照组,观察组行PFMT前置及延续治疗(n=31),对照组术前及术后均未进行PFMT(n=33)。比较两组年龄、就诊时发生术后尿失禁时间长短、盆底功能评估参数及尿失禁相关参数。结果两组年龄、就诊时平均尿失禁发生时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组慢速肌纤维及快速肌纤维评估参数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组每日尿垫数及尿失禁评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论PFMT前置及其延续性治疗,对于经机器人辅助下前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁患者的盆底肌功能早期康复及尿失禁症状改善有着积极作用。

浅析前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁

前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁外因为金刃损伤肌肉筋脉,耗伤气血,宗气失于固摄;内因是年老肝肾亏虚,肾气约束乏力。其病位在精室(前列腺)和膀胱,病机为肾气、宗气(脾肺之气)功能失常,治疗应补气、升提宗气、补益肾气,药用黄芪、柴胡、党参、白术、桑寄生、续断、桑螵蛸、金樱子、熟地黄、山茱萸、合欢皮、覆盆子等。临证需注意:(1)以益气升提为要,黄芪可重用至30~60 g,必要时可加升麻6~9 g以助升提宗气之力;(2)健脾益气不可少,用党参、白术补益脾肺;(3)心情不畅,或情绪抑郁者,可加制香附9 g,佛手9 g;(4)相火亢盛者,加知母、黄柏、龟板以滋阴降肝肾相火;(5)痰浊、瘀血、热毒结聚者,加浙贝母、牡蛎、玄参解郁、软坚、散结。

腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术联合保留最大尿道长度和膀胱颈的尿道重建术治疗高危前列腺癌的早期控尿和控瘤效果

目的探讨联合施行保留最大尿道长度(MULP)和膀胱颈(BNP)的尿道重建术与腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(LRP)或机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(RALP)治疗高危前列腺癌(HRPC)的早期控尿及控瘤效果。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院泌尿外科2022年5月—2024年1月收治的23例HRPC患者的临床资料,所有患者均行LRP(包括RALP),并采用联合MULP和BNP的尿道重建技术。收集并分析患者的术前基线资料包括年龄、身体质量指数、临床T分期、Gleason评分、前列腺重量和体积、前列腺特异性抗原;术中变量包括手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量和术中输血患者数;术后变量包括住院时间、尿管留置时间、切缘阳性数、生化复发数、并发症发生率及术后早期尿控率。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开放。手术时间(108±31)min,出血量(112±45)mL,无患者术中输血,住院时间(5.5±1.5)d,尿管留置时间(12.6±1.8)d。术后拔除尿管即刻及1、3、6个月的控尿率分别为39.1%、65.2%、73.9%和91.3%。术后2例患者切缘阳性,均为血管神经束切缘。术后无患者出现尿路梗阻或尿瘘等手术相关并发症。结论联合MULP和BNP的尿道重建术在HRPC患者行LRP治疗中可在不增加控瘤风险的前提下,有效提高患者的早期控尿率,改善患者的术后生活质量。

前列腺癌病人术后尿失禁康复训练的最佳证据总结

目的:评价并汇总前列腺癌病人术后尿失禁康复训练的相关证据,为临床实践提供科学依据。方法:系统检索国内外相关协会网站及数据库中有关前列腺癌病人术后尿失禁康复训练的证据,并对证据进行筛选、评价和汇总。结果:共纳入19篇文献,其中临床决策2篇,证据总结3篇,指南2篇,专家共识1篇,系统评价11篇。从尿失禁的评估、尿失禁的康复训练措施、尿失禁康复训练的监督和尿失禁康复训练的效果评价4个方面总结了32条证据。结论:该研究汇总了前列腺癌病人术后尿失禁康复训练的最佳证据,可为临床医务人员制订科学的尿失禁康复训练方案提供参考和借鉴。

温针灸联合康复训练治疗前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁的临床疗效观察

目的 探讨温针灸联合康复训练治疗前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁的临床疗效。方法 86例前列腺癌根治术后出现尿失禁患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,各43例。对照组术后不给予干预措施,观察组术后给予温针灸联合康复训练。对比两组患者术后排尿效果及尿失禁持续时间。结果 对照组有31例显效,6例有效,6例无效,总有效率是86.05%。观察组有40例显效,2例有效,1例无效,总有效率是97.67%。观察组总有效率高于对照组(χ^(2)=3.888,P=0.049<0.05)。观察组尿失禁持续时间是(1.46±0.11)个月,对照组尿失禁持续时间是(3.08±0.62)个月。对照组尿失禁持续时间明显比观察组长(t=16.870,P=0.000<0.05)。结论 前列腺癌术后出现尿失禁患者早期进行温针灸联合膀胱功能训练、运动功能和盆底肌功能训练,可以缩短尿失禁持续时间,提高前列腺癌的治疗效果,加快前列腺癌患者手术后的康复速度,具有显著的临床效果,值得大力推广。

前列腺体积及前列腺突入膀胱长度与腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术后控尿功能恢复的相关性

目的:探讨前列腺体积(prostatic volume,PV)及前列腺突入膀胱长度(intravesical prostatic protrusion length,IPPL)与腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术后控尿功能恢复的相关性。方法:纳入经组织病理学诊断为前列腺腺癌并于北京大学第三医院行腹腔镜前列腺根治性切除术(laparoscopic radical prostatectomy,LRP)的患者88例,磁共振检查均于前列腺穿刺活检术前1周内完成。依据PV将患者分为小体积前列腺组(PV<50 m L)和大体积前列腺组(PV≥50 m L);依据IPPL(冠状位测量突入膀胱前列腺组织顶点至膀胱基底部的垂直距离)将患者分为前列腺未明显突入膀胱组(IPPL<5 mm)和前列腺明显突入膀胱组(IPPL≥5 mm)。术后随访1年并记录患者术后控尿功能的恢复情况。结果:入组患者共88例,LRP手术均顺利完成,手术时间(155±67)min,出血量(145±159)m L。术前磁共振检查测量PV为11.83~151.53 m L,平均(44.54±26.58)m L,其中PV<50 m L者65例(73.9%),PV≥50m L者23例(26.1%);术前磁共振检查测量IPPL为0~27 mm,平均(5.2±5.7)mm,其中IPPL<5 mm者56例(63.6%),IPPL≥5 mm者32例(36.4%)。LRP术后3、6和12个月随访患者控尿功能恢复情况,完全控尿率分别为53.4%(47/88)、84.1%(74/88)和94.3%(83/88)。PV<50 m L组和PV≥50 m L组术后3个月完全控尿率组间差异有统计学意义(61.5%vs.30.4%,P=0.010),6和12个月完全控尿率组间差异无统计学意义(87.7%vs.73.9%,P=0.120;96.9%vs.87.0%,P=0.076)。IPPL<5 mm组与IPPL≥5 mm组术后3、6和12个月完全控尿率组间差异均有统计学意义(66.1%vs.31.3%,P=0.002;92.6%vs.68.8%,P=0.003;98.2%vs.87.5%,P=0.037)。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制PV<50 m L、≥50 m L组和IPPL<5 mm、≥5 mm组患者术后控尿功能恢复曲线,Log-rank检验提示PV<50 m L组术后控尿功能恢复显著优于PV≥50 m L组(P=0.017),IPPL<5 mm组术后控尿功能恢复显著优于IPPL≥5 mm组(P=0.001)。结论:术前磁共振检查提示巨大体积前列腺及前列腺明显突入膀胱的前列腺癌患者LRP术后控尿功能恢复延迟,术后早期(3个月)尿失禁的发生率明显增高,在临床工作中应予以重视,此结果还需要更大规模的临床研究证实。

前列腺尖部深度与腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术后早期控尿功能恢复的相关性

目的:探讨术前前列腺尖部深度(prostate apex depth,PAD)与腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术(laparoscopic radical prostatectomy,LRP)后早期(3个月)控尿功能恢复的相关性。方法:本组184例患者均经前列腺穿刺活检诊断为前列腺腺癌并于北京大学第三医院泌尿外科行LRP手术,前列腺穿刺活检前均完善MRI检查,将PAD定义为MRI矢状位前列腺尖部至耻骨上缘水平线的垂直距离,将前列腺尖部深度比(PAD ratio,PADR)定义为PAD/耻骨上缘与下缘水平线间的垂直距离(耻骨高度)。所有患者均行腹膜外LRP,自术后第一个月起每月对患者的控尿功能恢复情况进行随访,以全天不需要使用尿垫为控尿功能恢复标准。应用Logistic多因素回归分析影响术后早期控尿功能恢复的危险因素,Log-rank检验比较各组间术后控尿功能恢复曲线的统计学意义。结果:184例患者平均年龄(69.0±7.7)岁,平均体重指数(25.07±3.29)kg/m^(2),平均穿刺前前列腺特异性抗原(16.80±21.99)μg/L,穿刺Gleason评分6分、7分和≥8分者分别为14例(7.6%)、81例(44.0%)和89例(48.4%),临床分期T1/T2期157例(85.3%)、T3期27例(14.7%)。术前MRI测量平均前列腺体积(prostatic volume,PV)为(39.35±25.25)mL,平均膜性尿道长度(membranous urethral length,MUL)为(14.0±3.7)mm;PAD为15~40 mm,平均(24.52±4.97)mm;PADR为0.42~1.00,平均0.70±0.14。所有患者手术均顺利完成,随访3个月和12个月完全控尿率分别为62.0%(114/184)和96.2%(177/184);术后早期(3个月)尿失禁的单因素分析中,PV(P=0.049)、MUL(P<0.001)和PADR(P=0.005)具有统计学意义,被纳入多因素分析;多因素分析结果显示,MUL<14 mm(P<0.001)和PADR≥0.70(P=0.032)是术后早期尿失禁发生的独立危险因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制不同PV、MUL和PADR患者术后控尿功能恢复曲线,Log-rank检验示不同PV(P=0.001)、MUL(P<0.001)和PADR(P<0.001)分组控尿功能恢复的差异具有统计学意义。结论:MUL、PADR、PV与LRP术后控尿功能恢复存在相关性,术前MUL较短和PADR较高是术后早期尿失禁发生的独立危险因素。

前列腺癌根治术后压力性尿失禁的发展规律

目的探讨不同定义下的前列腺癌根治术后压力性尿失禁随时间的变化规律及其相关因素。方法 2010年3月至2013年11月,由同一术者完成腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术91例。患者年龄51~75岁,平均67岁。术前PSA0.1~50.8μg/L,中位数为10.3μg/L;Gleason评分5~8分;TNM分期T1c^T2c。术后10~17 d拔除尿管,分析其术后尿失禁的发生率及发展规律。控尿良好的定义分为不漏尿、有少量尿滴漏但不用尿垫以及每天使用尿垫不超过1张,共3种。结果随访1~45个月,平均18个月。根据3种不同的定义,术后拔除尿管后控尿率分别为0%、5%和33%,术后1个月为5%、22%和63%,术后3个月为30%、63%和93%,术后6个月为54%、88%和97%,术后12个月为76%、98%和100%。结论前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁常见,多数在术后6个月内好转。根据严格的控尿定义,近1/4患者在术后1年仍有尿失禁;但若根据宽松的控尿定义,则几乎所有患者均在1年内达到基本控尿。

腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术后吻合口尿漏的防治

目的探讨腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术后吻合口尿漏的防治方法。方法自2006年1月至2011年1月,我院行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术151例,其中采取双针连续尿道膀胱吻合法58例、传统尿道膀胱缝合法93例。出现持续性尿道膀胱吻合口尿漏8例(5.3%,8/151),平均年龄66(53～78)岁;术前总前列腺特异抗原(T-PSA)平均34.3(1.1～165.0)ng/ml;Gleason评分<7分4例、7分2例、>7分2例;TNM T1c5例、T2a2例、T2c1例;平均手术时间202(60～360)min;均采用调整导尿管位置、持续低张力牵拉导尿管,并保持导尿管、耻骨后引流管通畅,预防感染、减少液体摄入量,同时加强营养等保守处理方法。保守治疗失败的病例,行腹腔镜下吻合口尿漏修补。结果采取双针连续尿道膀胱吻合法的病例,均未出现持续性吻合口尿漏,明显优于传统法缝合组[0vs 8.6%(8/93),P<0.05]。6例经保守处理治愈,2例行腹腔镜下吻合口尿漏修补治愈。平均33(21～43)d拔除导尿管,术后平均随访39(22～60)个月,无尿道狭窄发生。结论采取双针连续尿道膀胱吻合法可以有效防止吻合口尿漏的发生,保守治疗、腹腔镜下修补是处理术后持续性吻合口尿漏的有效方法。

前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁的预防与治疗

前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁作为前列腺癌根治术后的主要并发症之一严重影响了患者的生活质量。现就可以改善前列腺癌根治术后尿失禁的几种治疗策略进行深入探讨,这些策略包括围手术期的非手术方式(盆底肌功能锻炼、药物治疗),手术中控尿血管神经束保留和手术后的再次手术干预(尿道悬吊术、人造尿道括约肌植入术),为临床实践提供参考。