The Yongding New River is essential for the water supplies of Tianjin.To date,there is no comprehensive report that assesses the year-round water quality of the Yongding New River Main stream.Moreover,little attention...The Yongding New River is essential for the water supplies of Tianjin.To date,there is no comprehensive report that assesses the year-round water quality of the Yongding New River Main stream.Moreover,little attention has been given to determining a combined weight for improving the traditional comprehensive water quality identification index(ICWQII)by the game theory.Seven water quality parameters were investigated monthly along the main stream of the Yongding New River from May 2018 to April 2019.Organic contaminants and nitrogen pollution were mainly caused by point sources pollution,and the total phosphorus mainly by non-point source pollution.Dramatic spatio-temporal variations of water quality parameters were jointly caused by different pollutant sources and hydrometeorological factors.In terms of this study,an improved comprehensive water quality identification index(ICWQII)based on entropy weight or variation coefficient and traditional CWQII underestimated the water qualities,and an ICWQII based on the superstandard multiple method overvalued the assessments.By contrast,water qualities assessments done with an ICWQII based on the game theory matched perfectly with the practical situation.The ICWQII based on game theory proposed in this study takes into account not only the degree of disorder and variation of water quality data,but also the influence of standard-exceeded pollution indicators,whose results are relatively reasonable.All findings and the ICWQII based on game theory can provide scientific support for decisions related to the water environment management of the Yongding New River and other waters.展开更多
为准确评估民航法定自查人员的培训效果,并提高安全培训管理水平。首先基于柯氏模型的特点,构建反应层、学习层、行为层、结果层4个评估模块,再结合法定自查人员工作的特点和实施情况,构建民航法定自查人员培训效果评估指标体系。其次,...为准确评估民航法定自查人员的培训效果,并提高安全培训管理水平。首先基于柯氏模型的特点,构建反应层、学习层、行为层、结果层4个评估模块,再结合法定自查人员工作的特点和实施情况,构建民航法定自查人员培训效果评估指标体系。其次,再将层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)的主观权重与熵权法的客体权重通过博弈论的思想有效组合,以决定指标体系的综合权重。最后采用逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)法对培训效果指标体系进行实例评估。研究结果表明:构建的指标体系能够较为真实地反映其培训效果,确定并量化了影响其培训效果的具体因素,评估指标体系有一定的全面性和实用性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41807386)Tianjin Financial Budget Project of 2018。
文摘The Yongding New River is essential for the water supplies of Tianjin.To date,there is no comprehensive report that assesses the year-round water quality of the Yongding New River Main stream.Moreover,little attention has been given to determining a combined weight for improving the traditional comprehensive water quality identification index(ICWQII)by the game theory.Seven water quality parameters were investigated monthly along the main stream of the Yongding New River from May 2018 to April 2019.Organic contaminants and nitrogen pollution were mainly caused by point sources pollution,and the total phosphorus mainly by non-point source pollution.Dramatic spatio-temporal variations of water quality parameters were jointly caused by different pollutant sources and hydrometeorological factors.In terms of this study,an improved comprehensive water quality identification index(ICWQII)based on entropy weight or variation coefficient and traditional CWQII underestimated the water qualities,and an ICWQII based on the superstandard multiple method overvalued the assessments.By contrast,water qualities assessments done with an ICWQII based on the game theory matched perfectly with the practical situation.The ICWQII based on game theory proposed in this study takes into account not only the degree of disorder and variation of water quality data,but also the influence of standard-exceeded pollution indicators,whose results are relatively reasonable.All findings and the ICWQII based on game theory can provide scientific support for decisions related to the water environment management of the Yongding New River and other waters.
文摘为准确评估民航法定自查人员的培训效果,并提高安全培训管理水平。首先基于柯氏模型的特点,构建反应层、学习层、行为层、结果层4个评估模块,再结合法定自查人员工作的特点和实施情况,构建民航法定自查人员培训效果评估指标体系。其次,再将层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)的主观权重与熵权法的客体权重通过博弈论的思想有效组合,以决定指标体系的综合权重。最后采用逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)法对培训效果指标体系进行实例评估。研究结果表明:构建的指标体系能够较为真实地反映其培训效果,确定并量化了影响其培训效果的具体因素,评估指标体系有一定的全面性和实用性。