An improved interpolating element-free Galerkin method with a nonsingular weight function for two-dimensional potential problems

In this paper, an improved interpolating moving least-square （IIMLS） method is presented. The shape function of the IIMLS method satisfies the property of the Kronecker 5 function. The weight function used in the IIMLS method is nonsingular. Then the IIMLS method can overcome the difficulties caused by the singularity of the weight function in the IMLS method. The number of unknown coefficients in the trial function of the IIMLS method is less than that of the moving least-square （MLS） approximation. Then by combining the IIMLS method with the Galerkin weak form of the potential problem, the improved interpolating element-free Galerkin （IIEFG） method for two-dimensional potential problems is presented. Compared with the conventional element-free Galerkin （EFG） method, the IIEFG method can directly use the essential boundary conditions. Then the IIEFG method has higher accuracy. For demonstration, three numerical examples are solved using the IIEFG method.

An improved interpolating element-free Galerkin method for elasticity

Based on the improved interpolating moving least-squares （ⅡMLS） method and the Galerkin weak form, an improved interpolating element-free Galerkin （ⅡEFG） method is presented for two-dimensional elasticity problems in this paper. Compared with the interpolating moving least-squares （IMLS） method presented by Lancaster, the ⅡMLS method uses the nonsingular weight function. The number of unknown coefficients in the trial function of the ⅡMLS method is less than that of the MLS approximation and the shape function of the ⅡMLS method satisfies the property of Kronecker δ function. Thus in the ⅡEFG method, the essential boundary conditions can be applied directly and easily, then the numerical solutions can be obtained with higher precision than those obtained by the interpolating element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method. For the purposes of demonstration, four numerical examples are solved using the ⅡEFG method.

An improved boundary element-free method (IBEFM) for two-dimensional potential problems

The interpolating moving least-squares （IMLS） method is discussed first in this paper. And the formulae of the IMLS method obtained by Lancaster are revised. Then on the basis of the boundary element-free method （BEFM）, combining the boundary integral equation （BIE） method with the IMLS method, the improved boundary element-free method （IBEFM） for two-dimensional potential problems is presented, and the corresponding formulae of the IBEFM are obtained. In the BEFM, boundary conditions are applied directly, but the shape function in the MLS does not satisfy the property of the Kronecker ~ function. This is a problem of the BEFM, and must be solved theoretically. In the IMLS method, when the shape function satisfies the property of the Kronecker 5 function, then the boundary conditions, in the meshless method based on the IMLS method, can be applied directly. Then the IBEFM, based on the IMLS method, is a direct meshless boundary integral equation method in which the basic unknown quantity is the real solution of the nodal variables, and the boundary conditions can be applied directly and easily, thus it gives a greater computational precision. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the method.

Interpolating Isogeometric Boundary Node Method and Isogeometric Boundary Element Method Based on Parameter Space

In this paper,general interpolating isogeometric boundary node method(IIBNM)and isogeometric boundary element method(IBEM)based on parameter space are proposed for 2D elasticity problems.In both methods,the integral cells and elements are defined in parameter space,which can reproduce the geometry exactly at all the stages.In IIBNM,the improved interpolating moving leastsquare method(IIMLS)is applied for field approximation and the shape functions have the delta function property.The Lagrangian basis functions are used for field approximation in IBEM.Thus,the boundary conditions can be imposed directly in both methods.The shape functions are defined in 1D parameter space and no curve length needs to be computed.Besides,most methods for the treatment of the singular integrals in the boundary element method can be applied in IIBNM and IBEM directly.Numerical examples have demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed methods.

Topology optimization using the improved element-free Galerkin method for elasticity

The improved element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method of elasticity is used to solve the topology optimization problems. In this method, the improved moving least-squares approximation is used to form the shape function. In a topology opti- mization process, the entire structure volume is considered as the constraint. From the solid isotropic microstructures with penalization, we select relative node density as a design variable. Then we choose the minimization of compliance to be an objective function, and compute its sensitivity with the adjoint method. The IEFG method in this paper can overcome the disadvantages of the singular matrices that sometimes appear in conventional element-free Galerkin （EFG） method. The central processing unit （CPU） time of each example is given to show that the IEFG method is more efficient than the EFG method under the same precision, and the advantage that the IEFG method does not form singular matrices is also shown.

Solving unsteady Schr?dinger equation using the improved element-free Galerkin method

By employing the improved moving least-square （IMLS） approximation, the improved element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method is presented for the unsteady Schrodinger equation. In the IEFG method, the two-dimensional （2D） trial function is approximated by the IMLS approximation, the variation method is used to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are imposed by the penalty method. Because the number of coefficients in the IMLS approximation is less than in the moving least-square （MLS） approximation, fewer nodes are needed in the entire domain when the IMLS approximation is used than when the MLS approximation is adopted. Then the IEFG method has high computational efficiency and accuracy. Several numerical examples are given to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the IEFG method in this paper.

Comparison of Improved Meshless Interpolation Schemes for SPH Method and Accuracy Analysis

In the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, a meshless interpolation scheme is needed for the unknown function in order to discretize the governing equation.A particle approximation method has so far been used for this purpose.Traditional particle interpolation (TPI) is simple and easy to do, but its low accuracy has become an obstacle to its wider application.This can be seen in the cases of particle disorder arrangements and derivative calculations.There are many different methods to improve accuracy, with the moving least square (MLS) method one of the most important meshless interpolation methods.Unfortunately, it requires complex matrix computing and so is quite time-consuming.The authors developed a simpler scheme, called higher-order particle interpolation (HPI).This scheme can get more accurate derivatives than the MLS method, and its function value and derivatives can be obtained simultaneously.Although this scheme was developed for the SPH method, it has been found useful for other meshless methods.

An improved complex variable element-free Galerkin method for two-dimensional elasticity problems

In this paper, the improved complex variable moving least-squares （ICVMLS） approximation is presented. The ICVMLS approximation has an explicit physics meaning. Compared with the complex variable moving least-squares （CVMLS） approximations presented by Cheng and Ren, the ICVMLS approximation has a great computational precision and efficiency. Based on the element-free Galerkin （EFG） method and the ICVMLS approximation, the improved complex variable element-free Galerkin （ICVEFG） method is presented for two-dimensional elasticity problems, and the corresponding formulae are obtained. Compared with the conventional EFC method, the ICVEFG method has a great computational accuracy and efficiency. For the purpose of demonstration, three selected numerical examples are solved using the ICVEFG method.

Analysis of elastoplasticity problems using an improved complex variable element-free Galerkin method

In this paper, based on the conjugate of the complex basis function, a new complex variable moving least-squares approximation is discussed. Then using the new approximation to obtain the shape function, an improved complex variable element-free Galerkin（ICVEFG） method is presented for two-dimensional（2D） elastoplasticity problems. Compared with the previous complex variable moving least-squares approximation, the new approximation has greater computational precision and efficiency. Using the penalty method to apply the essential boundary conditions, and using the constrained Galerkin weak form of 2D elastoplasticity to obtain the system equations, we obtain the corresponding formulae of the ICVEFG method for 2D elastoplasticity. Three selected numerical examples are presented using the ICVEFG method to show that the ICVEFG method has the advantages such as greater precision and computational efficiency over the conventional meshless methods.

Analysis of the generalized Camassa and Holm equation with the improved element-free Galerkin method

In this paper, we analyze the generalized Camassa and Holm （CH） equation by the improved element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method. By employing the improved moving least-square （IMLS） approximation, we derive the formulas for the generalized CH equation with the IEFG method. A variational method is used to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are enforced by the penalty method. Because there are fewer coefficients in the IMLS approximation than in the MLS approximation, and in the IEFG method, fewer nodes are selected in the entire domain than in the conventional EFG method, the IEFG method should result in a higher computing speed. The effectiveness of the IEFG method for the generalized CH equation is investigated by numerical examples in this paper.

A new complex variable meshless method for transient heat conduction problems

In this paper, based on the improved complex variable moving least-square （ICVMLS） approximation, a new complex variable meshless method （CVMM） for two-dimensional （2D） transient heat conduction problems is presented. The variational method is employed to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are imposed by the penalty method. As the transient heat conduction problems are related to time, the Crank-Nicolson difference scheme for two-point boundary value problems is selected for the time discretization. Then the corresponding formulae of the CVMM for 2D heat conduction problems are obtained. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, numerical examples are given to show the high convergence rate, good accuracy, and high efficiency of the CVMM presented in this paper.

The dimension split element-free Galerkin method for three-dimensional potential problems

This paper presents the dimension split element-free Galerkin （DSEFG） method for three-dimensional potential problems, and the corresponding formulae are obtained. The main idea of the DSEFG method is that a three-dimensional potential problem can be transformed into a series of two-dimensional problems. For these two-dimensional problems, the improved moving least-squares （IMLS） approximation is applied to construct the shape function, which uses an orthogonal function system with a weight function as the basis functions. The Galerkin weak form is applied to obtain a discretized system equation, and the penalty method is employed to impose the essential boundary condition. The finite difference method is selected in the splitting direction. For the purposes of demonstration, some selected numerical examples are solved using the DSEFG method. The convergence study and error analysis of the DSEFG method are presented. The numerical examples show that the DSEFG method has greater computational precision and computational efficiency than the IEFG method.

A new complex variable element-free Galerkin method for two-dimensional potential problems

In this paper, based on the element-free Galerkin （EFG） method and the improved complex variable moving least- square （ICVMLS） approximation, a new meshless method, which is the improved complex variable element-free Galerkin （ICVEFG） method for two-dimensional potential problems, is presented. In the method, the integral weak form of control equations is employed, and the Lagrange multiplier is used to apply the essential boundary conditions. Then the corresponding formulas of the ICVEFG method for two-dimensional potential problems are obtained. Compared with the complex variable moving least-square （CVMLS） approximation proposed by Cheng, the functional in the ICVMLS approximation has an explicit physical meaning. Furthermore, the ICVEFG method has greater computational precision and efficiency. Three numerical examples are given to show the validity of the proposed method.

New complex variable meshless method for advection-diffusion problems

In this paper,an improved complex variable meshless method（ICVMM） for two-dimensional advection-diffusion problems is developed based on improved complex variable moving least-square（ICVMLS） approximation.The equivalent functional of two-dimensional advection-diffusion problems is formed,the variation method is used to obtain the equation system,and the penalty method is employed to impose the essential boundary conditions.The difference method for twopoint boundary value problems is used to obtain the discrete equations.Then the corresponding formulas of the ICVMM for advection-diffusion problems are presented.Two numerical examples with different node distributions are used to validate and investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the new method in this paper.It is shown that ICVMM is very effective for advection-diffusion problems,and has a good convergent character,accuracy,and computational efficiency.

基于改进对流粒子域插值物质点法的隧道大变形分析

物质点法(MPM)在模拟大变形问题时具有很好的效果,然而传统的MPM在粒子穿越网格边界时存在单元穿越误差,导致精度降低。为克服传统MPM的单元穿越误差,基于对流粒子域插值物质点法(CPDI)理论框架,采用自适应正交改进插值移动最小二乘法(AOIIMLS),提出了改进CPDI方法。AOIIMLS通过构造加权正交基函数,并且忽略了新对角矩阵中的零元素或极小元素的贡献,以避免求解逆矩阵,增强了鲁棒性。改进CPDI采用速度梯度计算粒子域的速度场,粒子速度和粒子域角点速度用于重构背景网格速度函数。通过一维柱在自重作用下的压缩、砂柱坍塌和隧道坍塌离心机试验验证了改进CPDI方法的准确性和适用性,结果表明改进CPDI降低了单元穿越误差,得到了更高的精度。最后,采用改进CPDI方法模拟了青岛地铁4号线静沙区间地面塌陷全过程,验证了改进CPDI方法在岩土工程大变形领域的适用性及优势。

基于Nuttall自卷积窗的改进FFT谱分析方法

建立性能优良的窗函数是提高频谱分析准确度的关键。本文用Nuttall窗进行时域卷积运算构建Nuttall自卷积窗,具有旁瓣性能随卷积次数增加而迅速提升的优点;提出基于Nuttall自卷积窗的改进FFT谱分析方法,采用最小二乘法推导离散频谱插值多项式,建立谐波参数准确求解算法;通过仿真实验验证Nuttall自卷积窗及改进FFT谱分析方法的有效性和准确性。

改进的移动最小二乘插值法研究

本文首先从内积的角度给出了移动最小二乘逼近法的新的推导方法,然后对Lancaster等提出的移动最小二乘插值法进行了重新推导,取在插值节点奇异的权函数,并对基函数进行部分正交化,建立了改进的移动最小二乘插值法,并证明了其形函数的插值性质。本文提出的改进移动最小二乘插值法的公式比Lancaster的公式更为简单,并可提高形函数的计算效率。本文为工程问题的插值型无网格方法提供了建立形函数的基本方法。

基于数值流形法的渗流问题边界处理新方法

由于基于单位分解的无网格法,如无网格伽辽金法等,所构造的形函数往往不具有?插值属性,因此难以准确施加本质边界条件和材料边界的连续性条件。而采用传统的罚函数法和拉氏乘子法,分别有合适罚因子的选取和需满足inf-sup条件等问题。所以,利用"局部解满足了要求,则由单位分解所构造的整体解会自动满足要求"的单位分解法的求解性质,通过构造不同类型物理片上的局部解,提出了改进的基于移动最小二乘插值的数值流形法(MLS-NMM),并将其应用于稳定渗流问题的求解中。该方法不仅能直接准确施加本质边界和材料边界条件,而且能精确地求解奇异角点问题。典型算例的计算结果表明,我们所建议的方法是可行的、有效的,可为工程渗流分析提供参考。

改进型无网格伽辽金法(IEFG)的研究及其应用

文章介绍了一种改进的移动最小二乘(IMLS)近似,该近似比现有的移动最小二乘(MLS)近似有更高的计算效率和精度,且不会导致系统方程产生病态。IMLS近似与无网格伽辽金法(EFG)相结合构成了一种改进型无网格伽辽金法(IEFG),该方法可以容易推广到求解非线性问题以及非均匀介质的力学问题。文章给出了2个计算实例,计算结果证明,该方法是一种收敛快、精度高、简便有效的通用方法,在工程中具有广阔的应用前景。

移动最小二乘法研究进展与述评

为使移动最小二乘法能更好地应用到无网格方法中,详细阐述移动最小二乘逼近法、移动最小二乘插值法、MUKHERJEE改进的移动最小二乘法以及程玉民等提出的改进的移动最小二乘法和复变量移动最小二乘法等的研究进展,述评各种移动最小二乘法的优缺点,并概述各种移动最小二乘法形成的无网格方法的研究进展.