An improved boundary element-free method (IBEFM) for two-dimensional potential problems

The interpolating moving least-squares （IMLS） method is discussed first in this paper. And the formulae of the IMLS method obtained by Lancaster are revised. Then on the basis of the boundary element-free method （BEFM）, combining the boundary integral equation （BIE） method with the IMLS method, the improved boundary element-free method （IBEFM） for two-dimensional potential problems is presented, and the corresponding formulae of the IBEFM are obtained. In the BEFM, boundary conditions are applied directly, but the shape function in the MLS does not satisfy the property of the Kronecker ~ function. This is a problem of the BEFM, and must be solved theoretically. In the IMLS method, when the shape function satisfies the property of the Kronecker 5 function, then the boundary conditions, in the meshless method based on the IMLS method, can be applied directly. Then the IBEFM, based on the IMLS method, is a direct meshless boundary integral equation method in which the basic unknown quantity is the real solution of the nodal variables, and the boundary conditions can be applied directly and easily, thus it gives a greater computational precision. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the method.

Solving unsteady Schr?dinger equation using the improved element-free Galerkin method

By employing the improved moving least-square （IMLS） approximation, the improved element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method is presented for the unsteady Schrodinger equation. In the IEFG method, the two-dimensional （2D） trial function is approximated by the IMLS approximation, the variation method is used to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are imposed by the penalty method. Because the number of coefficients in the IMLS approximation is less than in the moving least-square （MLS） approximation, fewer nodes are needed in the entire domain when the IMLS approximation is used than when the MLS approximation is adopted. Then the IEFG method has high computational efficiency and accuracy. Several numerical examples are given to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the IEFG method in this paper.

Topology optimization using the improved element-free Galerkin method for elasticity

The improved element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method of elasticity is used to solve the topology optimization problems. In this method, the improved moving least-squares approximation is used to form the shape function. In a topology opti- mization process, the entire structure volume is considered as the constraint. From the solid isotropic microstructures with penalization, we select relative node density as a design variable. Then we choose the minimization of compliance to be an objective function, and compute its sensitivity with the adjoint method. The IEFG method in this paper can overcome the disadvantages of the singular matrices that sometimes appear in conventional element-free Galerkin （EFG） method. The central processing unit （CPU） time of each example is given to show that the IEFG method is more efficient than the EFG method under the same precision, and the advantage that the IEFG method does not form singular matrices is also shown.

An improved complex variable element-free Galerkin method for two-dimensional elasticity problems

In this paper, the improved complex variable moving least-squares （ICVMLS） approximation is presented. The ICVMLS approximation has an explicit physics meaning. Compared with the complex variable moving least-squares （CVMLS） approximations presented by Cheng and Ren, the ICVMLS approximation has a great computational precision and efficiency. Based on the element-free Galerkin （EFG） method and the ICVMLS approximation, the improved complex variable element-free Galerkin （ICVEFG） method is presented for two-dimensional elasticity problems, and the corresponding formulae are obtained. Compared with the conventional EFC method, the ICVEFG method has a great computational accuracy and efficiency. For the purpose of demonstration, three selected numerical examples are solved using the ICVEFG method.

Analysis of elastoplasticity problems using an improved complex variable element-free Galerkin method

In this paper, based on the conjugate of the complex basis function, a new complex variable moving least-squares approximation is discussed. Then using the new approximation to obtain the shape function, an improved complex variable element-free Galerkin（ICVEFG） method is presented for two-dimensional（2D） elastoplasticity problems. Compared with the previous complex variable moving least-squares approximation, the new approximation has greater computational precision and efficiency. Using the penalty method to apply the essential boundary conditions, and using the constrained Galerkin weak form of 2D elastoplasticity to obtain the system equations, we obtain the corresponding formulae of the ICVEFG method for 2D elastoplasticity. Three selected numerical examples are presented using the ICVEFG method to show that the ICVEFG method has the advantages such as greater precision and computational efficiency over the conventional meshless methods.

Analysis of the generalized Camassa and Holm equation with the improved element-free Galerkin method

In this paper, we analyze the generalized Camassa and Holm （CH） equation by the improved element-free Galerkin （IEFG） method. By employing the improved moving least-square （IMLS） approximation, we derive the formulas for the generalized CH equation with the IEFG method. A variational method is used to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are enforced by the penalty method. Because there are fewer coefficients in the IMLS approximation than in the MLS approximation, and in the IEFG method, fewer nodes are selected in the entire domain than in the conventional EFG method, the IEFG method should result in a higher computing speed. The effectiveness of the IEFG method for the generalized CH equation is investigated by numerical examples in this paper.

The Improved Element-Free Galerkin Method for Anisotropic Steady-State Heat Conduction Problems

In this paper,we considered the improved element-free Galerkin(IEFG)method for solving 2D anisotropic steadystate heat conduction problems.The improved moving least-squares(IMLS)approximation is used to establish the trial function,and the penalty method is applied to enforce the boundary conditions,thus the final discretized equations of the IEFG method for anisotropic steady-state heat conduction problems can be obtained by combining with the corresponding Galerkin weak form.The influences of node distribution,weight functions,scale parameters and penalty factors on the computational accuracy of the IEFG method are analyzed respectively,and these numerical solutions show that less computational resources are spent when using the IEFG method.

改进型随机无网格迦辽金法在随机热传导问题中的应用

近似方案中对移动最小二乘近似(MLS)中的基函数采用带权的正交基函数,从而形成一种改进的移动最小二乘近似(IMLS),该近似比现有的移动最小二乘近似有更高的精度和效率,且不会导致系统方程产生病态。IMLS近似与Taylor展开的随机无网格迦辽金法(SEFGM)相结合构成了一种Taylor展开的改进的随机无网格迦辽金法(TSIEFGM)。用TSIEFGM对二维随机热传导问题进行了分析。通过对含随机参数的热传导问题进行分析,算例验证该方法的正确性和有效性,为解决随机热传导问题提供了一种新方法。

基于改进移动最小二乘近似的杂交边界点法

针对杂交边界点法中采用移动最小二乘近似时存在的计算量大,易形成病态矩阵的问题,将改进移动最小二乘近似和修正变分原理相结合,提出了基于改进移动最小二乘近似的杂交边界点法.这种方法保留了杂交边界点法的纯无网格法特性,域内未知场函数的计算无需再次沿边界积分等优点,而且不会出现病态方程组,数值计算稳定,计算精度高.数值算例验证了该方法的有效性.

The improved element-free Galerkin method for three-dimensional transient heat conduction problems

With the improved moving least-squares (IMLS) approximation, an orthogonal function system with a weight function is used as the basis function. The combination of the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method and the IMLS approximation leads to the development of the improved element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method. In this paper, the IEFG method is applied to study the partial differential equations that control the heat flow in three-dimensional space. With the IEFG technique, the Galerkin weak form is employed to develop the discretized system equations, and the penalty method is applied to impose the essential boundary conditions. The traditional difference method for two-point boundary value problems is selected for the time discretization. As the transient heat conduction equations and the boundary and initial conditions are time dependent, the scaling parameter, number of nodes and time step length are considered in a convergence study.

The dimension split element-free Galerkin method for three-dimensional potential problems

This paper presents the dimension split element-free Galerkin （DSEFG） method for three-dimensional potential problems, and the corresponding formulae are obtained. The main idea of the DSEFG method is that a three-dimensional potential problem can be transformed into a series of two-dimensional problems. For these two-dimensional problems, the improved moving least-squares （IMLS） approximation is applied to construct the shape function, which uses an orthogonal function system with a weight function as the basis functions. The Galerkin weak form is applied to obtain a discretized system equation, and the penalty method is employed to impose the essential boundary condition. The finite difference method is selected in the splitting direction. For the purposes of demonstration, some selected numerical examples are solved using the DSEFG method. The convergence study and error analysis of the DSEFG method are presented. The numerical examples show that the DSEFG method has greater computational precision and computational efficiency than the IEFG method.

A new complex variable meshless method for transient heat conduction problems

In this paper, based on the improved complex variable moving least-square （ICVMLS） approximation, a new complex variable meshless method （CVMM） for two-dimensional （2D） transient heat conduction problems is presented. The variational method is employed to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are imposed by the penalty method. As the transient heat conduction problems are related to time, the Crank-Nicolson difference scheme for two-point boundary value problems is selected for the time discretization. Then the corresponding formulae of the CVMM for 2D heat conduction problems are obtained. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, numerical examples are given to show the high convergence rate, good accuracy, and high efficiency of the CVMM presented in this paper.

A new complex variable element-free Galerkin method for two-dimensional potential problems

In this paper, based on the element-free Galerkin （EFG） method and the improved complex variable moving least- square （ICVMLS） approximation, a new meshless method, which is the improved complex variable element-free Galerkin （ICVEFG） method for two-dimensional potential problems, is presented. In the method, the integral weak form of control equations is employed, and the Lagrange multiplier is used to apply the essential boundary conditions. Then the corresponding formulas of the ICVEFG method for two-dimensional potential problems are obtained. Compared with the complex variable moving least-square （CVMLS） approximation proposed by Cheng, the functional in the ICVMLS approximation has an explicit physical meaning. Furthermore, the ICVEFG method has greater computational precision and efficiency. Three numerical examples are given to show the validity of the proposed method.

New complex variable meshless method for advection-diffusion problems

In this paper,an improved complex variable meshless method（ICVMM） for two-dimensional advection-diffusion problems is developed based on improved complex variable moving least-square（ICVMLS） approximation.The equivalent functional of two-dimensional advection-diffusion problems is formed,the variation method is used to obtain the equation system,and the penalty method is employed to impose the essential boundary conditions.The difference method for twopoint boundary value problems is used to obtain the discrete equations.Then the corresponding formulas of the ICVMM for advection-diffusion problems are presented.Two numerical examples with different node distributions are used to validate and investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the new method in this paper.It is shown that ICVMM is very effective for advection-diffusion problems,and has a good convergent character,accuracy,and computational efficiency.

改进型无网格Galerkin法与有限元法的耦合及其应用研究

采用改进型无网格Galerkin法与有限元(IEFG-FE)耦合的方法来计算裂纹问题。改进型无网格伽辽金法是基于一种改进的移动最小二乘(ani mproved moving least-squares,I MLS)近似。I MLS近似比现有的MLS近似有更高的计算效率和精度,且不会导致系统方程产生病态。这种耦合的方法不仅解决了无网格Galerkin法力学边界条件施加的难点,避免系统方程产生病态,而且还克服了无网格Galerkin法耗时较多的缺点。本文运用线弹性断裂力学理论,采用加权正交基函数对有限板单边裂纹的应力强度因子和受拉单边斜裂纹矩形板进行了分析。数值计算结果表明:该方法是一种具有收敛快、精度高、简便有效的通用方法,在工程中具有广阔的应用前景。

Boundary element-free method for elastodynamics

The moving least-square approximation is discussed first. Sometimes the method can form an ill-conditioned equation system, and thus the solution cannot be obtained correctly. A Hilbert space is presented on which an orthogonal function system mixed a weight function is defined. Next the improved moving least-square approximation is discussed in detail. The improved method has higher computational efficiency and precision than the old method, and cannot form an ill-conditioned equation system. A boundary element-free method (BEFM) for elastodynamics problems is presented by combining the boundary integral equation method for elastodynamics and the improved moving least-square approximation. The boundary element-free method is a meshless method of boundary integral equation and is a direct numerical method compared with others, in which the basic unknowns are the real solutions of the nodal variables and the boundary conditions can be applied easily. The boundary element-free method has a higher computational efficiency and precision. In addition, the numerical procedure of the boundary element-free method for elastodynamics problems is presented in this paper. Finally, some numerical examples are given.

An interpolating boundary element-free method (IBEFM) for elasticity problems

The paper begins by discussing the interpolating moving least-squares (IMLS) method. Then the formulae of the IMLS method obtained by Lancaster are revised. On the basis of the boundary element-free method (BEFM), combining the boundary integral equation method with the IMLS method improved in this paper, the interpolating boundary element-free method (IBEFM) for two-dimensional elasticity problems is presented, and the corresponding formulae of the IBEFM for two-dimensional elasticity problems are obtained. In the IMLS method in this paper, the shape function satisfies the property of Kronecker δ function, and then in the IBEFM the boundary conditions can be applied directly and easily. The IBEFM is a direct meshless boundary integral equation method in which the basic unknown quantity is the real solution to the nodal variables. Thus it gives a greater computational precision. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the method.