Improved Bat Algorithm with Deep Learning-Based Biomedical ECG Signal Classification Model

With new developments experienced in Internet of Things(IoT),wearable,and sensing technology,the value of healthcare services has enhanced.This evolution has brought significant changes from conventional medicine-based healthcare to real-time observation-based healthcare.Biomedical Electrocardiogram(ECG)signals are generally utilized in examination and diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases(CVDs)since it is quick and non-invasive in nature.Due to increasing number of patients in recent years,the classifier efficiency gets reduced due to high variances observed in ECG signal patterns obtained from patients.In such scenario computer-assisted automated diagnostic tools are important for classification of ECG signals.The current study devises an Improved Bat Algorithm with Deep Learning Based Biomedical ECGSignal Classification(IBADL-BECGC)approach.To accomplish this,the proposed IBADL-BECGC model initially pre-processes the input signals.Besides,IBADL-BECGC model applies NasNet model to derive the features from test ECG signals.In addition,Improved Bat Algorithm(IBA)is employed to optimally fine-tune the hyperparameters related to NasNet approach.Finally,Extreme Learning Machine(ELM)classification algorithm is executed to perform ECG classification method.The presented IBADL-BECGC model was experimentally validated utilizing benchmark dataset.The comparison study outcomes established the improved performance of IBADL-BECGC model over other existing methodologies since the former achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.49%.

基于宏微导向的ACO-MUSIC两级相控声源定位算法

针对传统的多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,简称MUSIC)算法定位声源位置时存在计算量大的问题,提出了一种基于宏微导向的蚁群(ant colony optimization,简称ACO)-MUSIC两级相控声源定位算法。首先,利用ACO估算出声源所在的宏观位置,再用MUSIC算法精确搜索声源所在的微观方位;其次,对提出的算法进行数值仿真,并搭建实验系统进行验证。仿真和实验结果表明,所提出的算法可以高精度、快速地定位出声源所在的位置;在搜索步距为0.05°时,算法的计算复杂度和计算时间仅为传统MUSIC算法的0.25%和2.8%。

Computationally Efficient MUSIC-Based Algorithm for Joint Direction of Arrival (DOA) and Doppler Frequency Estimation in Monostatic MIMO Radar

The problem of joint direction of arrival (DOA) and Doppler frequency estimation in monostatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is studied and a computationally efficient multiple signal classification (CE-MUSIC) algorithm is proposed.Conventional MUSIC algorithm for joint DOA and Doppler frequency estimation requires a large computational cost due to the two dimensional (2D) spectral peak searching.Aiming at this shortcoming,the proposed CE-MUSIC algorithm firstly uses a reduced-dimension transformation to reduce the subspace dimension and then obtains the estimates of DOA and Doppler frequency with only one-dimensional (1D) search.The proposed CE-MUSIC algorithm has much lower computational complexity and very close estimation performance when compared to conventional 2D-MUSIC algorithm.Furthermore,it outperforms estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) algorithm.Meanwhile,the mean squared error (MSE) and Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of joint DOA and Doppler frequency estimation are derived.Detailed simulation results illustrate the validity and improvement of the proposed algorithm.

A Time-Frequency Associated MUSIC Algorithm Research on Human Target Detection by Through-Wall Radar

In this paper,a time-frequency associated multiple signal classification(MUSIC)al-gorithm which is suitable for through-wall detection is proposed.The technology of detecting hu-man targets by through-wall radar can be used to monitor the status and the location information of human targets behind the wall.However,the detection is out of order when classical MUSIC al-gorithm is applied to estimate the direction of arrival.In order to solve the problem,a time-fre-quency associated MUSIC algorithm suitable for through-wall detection and based on S-band stepped frequency continuous wave(SFCW)radar is researched.By associating inverse fast Fouri-er transform(IFFT)algorithm with MUSIC algorithm,the power enhancement of the target sig-nal is completed according to the distance calculation results in the time domain.Then convert the signal to the frequency domain for direction of arrival(DOA)estimation.The simulations of two-dimensional human target detection in free space and the processing of measured data are com-pleted.By comparing the processing results of the two algorithms on the measured data,accuracy of DOA estimation of proposed algorithm is more than 75%,which is 50%higher than classical MUSIC algorithm.It is verified that the distance and angle of human target can be effectively de-tected via proposed algorithm.

Fast BSC-based algorithm for near-field signal localization via uniform circular array

In this paper,we propose a beam space coversion(BSC)-based approach to achieve a single near-field signal local-ization under uniform circular array(UCA).By employing the centro-symmetric geometry of UCA,we apply BSC to extract the two-dimensional(2-D)angles of near-field signal in the Van-dermonde form,which allows for azimuth and elevation angle estimation by utilizing the improved estimation of signal para-meters via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT)algorithm.By substituting the calculated 2-D angles into the direction vec-tor of near-field signal,the range parameter can be conse-quently obtained by the 1-D multiple signal classification(MU-SIC)method.Simulations demonstrate that the proposed al-gorithm can achieve a single near-field signal localization,which can provide satisfactory performance and reduce computational complexity.

A Tunable Resolution MUSIC Algorithm for Interharmonics Analysis

The harmonic and interharmonic analysis recommendations are contained in the latest IEC standards on power quality. Measurement and analysis experiences have shown that great difficulties arise in the interharmonic detection and measurement with acceptable levels of accuracy. In order to improve the resolution of spectrum analysis, the traditional method (e.g. discrete Fourier transform) is to take more sampling cycles, e.g. 10 sampling cycles corresponding to the spectrum interval of 5 Hz while the fundamental frequency is 50 Hz. However, this method is not suitable to the interharmonic measurement, because the frequencies of interharmonic components are non-integer multiples of the fundamental frequency, which makes the measurement additionally difficult. In this paper, the tunable resolution multiple signal classification (TRMUSIC) algorithm is presented, which the spectrum can be tuned to exhibit high resolution in targeted regions. Some simulation examples show that the resolution for two adjacent frequency components is usually sufficient to measure interharmonics in power systems with acceptable computation time. The proposed method is also suited to analyze interharmonics when there exists an undesirable asynchronous deviation and additive white noise.

米波极化敏感阵列的实值MUSIC测高方法

为获得更高的相干信号角度估计精度,并提高算法可实现性,在极化敏感阵列的基础上,文中提出了一种米波极化敏感阵列的实值多重信号分类测高方法。该方法首先采用矩阵重构的方法消除多径相干信号的影响;其次,利用酉变换对接收数据进行实值处理使其变为实数数据,并利用奇异值技术降低接收数据维度及噪声对接收数据的影响;然后,通过对特征值分解获得的噪声子空间矩阵进行空间谱估计获得目标仰角;最后,利用几何关系获得目标高度。由于该方法完全用实值运算来表述,因而可以显著降低计算复杂度。仿真结果表明:该方法测高精度更高,更利于工程实现。

混合阵列误差校正与快速极化MUSIC算法

为解决通道不一致性对传统极化敏感阵列长矢量模型的测向精度影响及传统长矢量多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法实时性不高的问题,本文在传统极化敏感测向系统基础上,在阵列中心增加一个标量平面螺旋天线,利用其天线方向图的增益稳定性,作为内部源对其他矢量通道不一致性进行实时校正;然后将结合标量圆阵和快速傅里叶变换(fastFouriertransform,FFT)的快速MUSIC算法推广到矢量阵列,提出降维快速极化MUSIC算法.仿真结果验证了此误差校正方法的有效性,且快速算法在保证测角精度前提下有效提高了算法实时性.本文为极化敏感阵列测向提供了一种误差校正方法及一种快速实用的测向算法.

基于协方差矩阵Toeplitz重构的MUSIC算法的波达方位估计方法

针对传统波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计方法通过空间平滑对相干信号进行处理损失阵列孔径的问题,文章提出了一种基于协方差矩阵托普利兹(Toeplitz)矩阵重构的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法的波达方位估计方法。该方法首先根据阵列接收数据的协方差矩阵及其翻转矩阵来构造新协方差矩阵,并利用新协方差矩阵构造Toeplitz矩阵,然后对其进行特征值分解,得到Toeplitz矩阵的噪声子空间,利用噪声子空间求出信号空间谱,通过谱峰搜索估计入射信号的方位角。文中方法拓展了阵列孔径,增加了可估计相干信号的数量,提升了方位估计的性能,提高了阵列的空间分辨率。仿真和湖上实验数据处理结果表明,文中方法可估计出更多的相干信号,而且在低信噪比、少快拍以及信号入射角度间隔较小时仍然具有良好的方位估计性能。

单脉冲测角的二维分级主旁瓣干扰联合抑制方法

针对矩形平面阵列天线同时存在主、旁瓣干扰的单脉冲测角问题,该文设计了2维分级自适应单脉冲波束形成算法(TDHJ-ADBF)。TDHJ-ADBF算法将矩形平面阵分为方位维和俯仰维两个正交维度,采用2维分级处理架构:第1级处理在测角维进行,采用低运算量的压缩多重信号分类法对测角维主瓣干扰进行快速识别与方向估计,构造阻塞矩阵滤除主瓣干扰,获得仅含旁瓣干扰和噪声的协方差矩阵,进而对和、差波束方向图进行指向与鉴角曲线联合约束,完成测角维旁瓣干扰抑制与波束形成处理;第2级在非测角维对残留的测角维主瓣干扰进行抑制。通过2维分级处理实现主、旁瓣干扰联合对抗,并保持单脉冲测角的鉴角曲线线性度。仿真结果表明,TDHJ-ADBF算法实现了对主、旁瓣干扰联合抑制,具有高精度的单脉冲测角性能。

典型阵列快速MUSIC算法研究

由于MUSIC(MUltiple SIgnal Classification)算法需要大量的乘法运算和三角函数求值,导致其实时处理能力较弱。为此,该文首先对均匀线阵和均匀圆阵的阵列结构进行分析,提取导向矢量的一些性质。然后,利用Hermite矩阵的性质对复数乘法进行分解,再组建两个实值向量以减少乘法运算次数。最后,利用导向矢量的性质提出一种基于查表的新算法。新算法既没有三角函数求值运算,又不需要大量的存储空间。仿真实验结果表明新算法在没有改变MUSIC算法谱估计的效果的前提下,将MUSIC算法的运算速率提高了50倍以上。因此,新算法具有广阔的应用前景。

DOA估计算法的一种修正MUSIC算法的研究

传统改进MUSIC算法通过对接收信号协方差矩阵作预处理,使信号协方差矩阵分解得到信号子空间与噪声子空间正交,从而降低噪声的影响。但当信号间隔很小时,随着信噪比的降低,传统改进MUSIC算法已无法分辨出信号。基于此问题提出的修正MUSIC算法在使信号子空间与噪声子空间正交的基础上,充分利用了噪声子空间及其特征值对噪声子空间的修正,进而构造谱峰搜索函数估计出信号。通过仿真实验,证实了在信噪比很低的情况下,信号间隔很小且存在相关信号时,修正MUSIC算法能准确地估计出传统改进MUSIC算法不能估计的信号。

阵元间距对MUSIC算法的影响

本文概述了MUSIC算法,当阵元间距不大于载波半波长时,通过分析得出MUSIC算法空间分辨率随阵元间距增大而提高,并推导阵元间距与MUSIC算法性能的定量关系;当阵元间距大于载波半波长时,讨论空间谱可能出现虚假谱峰的情况,并提出提取真实谱峰的方案.最后通过计算机模拟仿真验证文中结论.

模型误差对非圆信号测向MUSIC算法性能的影响

近年来,针对非圆信号的测向算法已陆续提出,对这些算法的渐近性能及Cramer-Rao界的分析也已见报道,但仍未涉及模型误差对此类算法影响的分析.本文概括介绍了用于非圆信号测向的MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classi-fication)算法,对其空间谱函数进行一阶泰勒展开,得到了测向误差的表达式,从而求得测向均方误差统计意义上的表达式.仿真实验验证了推导的正确性,并由理论结果分析了模型误差条件下测向误差与角度间隔和非圆相位差的关系.

基于MUSIC对称压缩谱的快速DOA估计

为提高波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计的速度、降低运算量,在分析多重信号分类(multiplesignal classification,MUSIC)算法原理的基础上,利用噪声子空间降维的思想构造一维MUSIC对称压缩谱(MU-SIC symmetrical compressed spectrum,MSCS)。MSCS通过构造共轭噪声子空间并对噪声子空间及其共轭子空间的交集进行奇异值分解得到,其物理实质等效于在空间辐射源的对称位置添加相同数目的镜像辐射源。理论分析和仿真实验表明,MSCS不受实际阵型的限制,能将DOA估计的计算量降至传统MUSIC算法的50%,并具有与MUSIC相当的估计精度。

基于谱分解的降阶求根MUSIC算法

求根多重信号分类(Root-MUSIC)算法以多项式求根代替谱峰搜索,降低了波达方向(DOA)估计的计算量,但当阵元数较大时,其计算量依然很大。为进一步降低计算量,该文提出一种降阶Root-MUSIC(RD-Root-MUSIC)算法。该算法基于谱分解将Root-MUSIC多项式的阶次降低一半,再根据矩阵特征多项式与求根多项式的关系构造友阵,采用Arnoldi迭代计算得到友阵的L个大特征值(L为信号数)并估计DOA。仿真结果表明,RD-Root-MUSIC估计精度与Root-MUSIC相近,但其在大阵元下具有比Root-MUSIC更低的计算量。

dq变换和MUSIC算法在间谐波检测中的应用

随着非线性电力电子器件的大量应用,电网存在频率为基频非整数倍的间谐波,其幅值远小于基波和谐波,并具有时变性,因此对它的检测要难于谐波。为此,采用dq变换和MUSIC算法相结合的方法进行间谐波频率检测,信号的幅度和相位由最小二乘法来估计。dq变换可以消除大幅度基波分量;基于矩阵特征分解的MUSIC算法可检测出短数据条件下的谐波和间谐波,适合短时平稳的间谐波检测,两者相结合可以有效检测出大幅度基波附近存在小幅度间谐波。仿真实验表明,噪声幅度和间谐波幅度相当时。

基于均匀线阵的改进MUSIC算法

在相干信源下,传统的MUSIC(MUltiple SIgnal Classification)算法不能准确地估计波达方向。为此,在对传统的MUSIC算法进行研究的基础上,提出了一种改进的MUSIC算法。该算法是将阵元接收的数据做相应的变换,从而得到新的阵列数据,再通过求互协方差等运算,得到新的数据协方差矩阵。同时,对该算法和传统的MUSIC算法进行了仿真,对其DOA(Direction-of-Arrival)估计性能进行比较。仿真实验表明,改进后的算法在相干信源的情况下具有很好的去相干性能,而且没有阵列孔径的损失。能精确地估计信号的波达方向。

任意阵列双基地MIMO雷达的半实值MUSIC目标DOD和DOA联合估计

实值处理具有降低高自由度多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)雷达角度估计大计算量的优势。但受制于阵列的共轭对称性,对于任意阵列结构的双基地MIMO雷达发射角(direction of departure,DOD)和接收角(direction of arrival,DOA)联合估计,若不做附加的预处理则无法实现实值操作,故将常规阵列实值处理的多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)超分辨算法推广至任意阵列结构的双基地MIMO雷达。首先根据MIMO雷达的导向矢量共轭与镜像的对等性,提取接收信号协方差矩阵的实部,并对其进行特征分解得到"目标加倍"的信号子空间及其应对的噪声子空间;然后利用Kronecker积的特性对其进行降维处理,得到搜索区域减半的一维半实值域MUSIC谱,取出目标DOD真值与其镜像代入降维Capon算法来剔除虚拟峰值得到目标DOD估计真值;最后利用特征矢量得到模糊DOA估计值,采用方向余弦差最小范数方法得到目标DOA无模糊估计值。本文算法估计性能与一维搜索复数域MUSIC相当,计算量约降50%,且能够实现DOD和DOA的自动配对。仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性。

一种不需要特征值分解的MUSIC方法

MUSIC方法是空间谱估计中经典的子空间方法。提出了一种构造参考信号的预处理模型,提出了一种适合于MUSIC方法的多级维纳滤波结构。新方法避免了采样数据二阶统计的特征值分解,降低了运算量。仿真结果证明了方法的有效性。