A Kind of Unified Strict Efficiency via Improvement Sets in Vector Optimization

In this paper,we propose a kind of unified strict efficiency named E-strict efficiency via improvement sets for vector optimization.This kind of efficiency is shown to be an extension of the classical strict efficiency andε-strict efficiency and has many desirable properties.We also discuss some relationships with other properly efficiency based on improvement sets and establish the corresponding scalarization theorems by a base-functional and a nonlinear functional.Moreover,some examples are given to illustrate the main conclusions.

Set Programming Method and Performance Improvement of Phase Change Random Access Memory Arrays

A novel slow-down set waveform is proposed to improve the set performance and a 1 kb phase change random access memory chip fabricated with a 13nm CMOS technology is implemented to investigate the set performance by different set programming strategies based on this new set pulse. The amplitude difference （I1 - I2） of the set pulse is proved to be a crucial parameter for set programming. We observe and analyze the cell characteristics with different I1 - I2 by means of thermal simulations and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which reveal that an incomplete set programming will occur when the proposed slow-down pulse is set with an improperly high I1 - I2. This will lead to an amorphous residue in the active region. We also discuss the programming method to avoid the set performance degradations.

Application of Improved SPA Method in the Comprehensive Assessment of Groundwater Environment Quality:A Case Study of Jinjiang, Fujian Province

This paper applied the set pair analysis with improved five-element connection degree to assess shallow groundwater quality of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, and used map to show the spatial distribution. The assessment results showed that most groundwater in the district was in the grade I and II, i.e. the overall groundwater environment in this area was favorable; groundwater of grade III(poorer level) was mainly distributed in Dongshi Town in the coastal region, and the total area was smaller. Major out-of-limit factors are TDS, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and chloride, therefore, industrial and agricultural development, human activities and seawater invasion were major causes for the aggravation of water quality.

Multi-criteria decision making method based on improved cosine similarity measure with interval neutrosophic sets

Purpose–The fuzziness and complexity of evaluation information are common phenomenon in practical decision-making problem,interval neutrosophic sets(INSs)is a power tool to deal with ambiguous information.Similarity measure plays an important role in judging the degree between ideal and each alternative in decision-making process,the purpose of this paper is to establish a multi-criteria decision-making method based on similarity measure under INSs.Design/methodology/approach–Based on an extension of existing cosine similarity,this paper first introduces an improved cosine similarity measure between interval neutosophic numbers,which considers the degrees of the truth membership,the indeterminacy membership and the falsity membership of the evaluation values.And then a multi-criteria decision-making method is established based on the improved cosine similarity measure,in which the ordered weighted averaging(OWA)is adopted to aggregate the neutrosophic information related to each alternative.Finally,an example on supplier selection is given to illustrate the feasibility and practicality of the presented decision-making method.Findings–In the whole process of research and practice,it was realized that the application field of the proposed similarity measure theory still should be expanded,and the development of interval number theory is one of further research direction.Originality/value–The main contributions of this paper are as follows:this study presents an improved cosine similarity measure under INSs,in which the weights of the three independent components of an interval number are taken into account;OWA are adopted to aggregate the neutrosophic information related to each alternative;and a multi-criteria decision-making method using the proposed similarity is developed under INSs.

Data-driven Based Uncertainty Set Modeling Method for Microgrid Robust Optimization with Correlated Wind Power

Microgrid is considered an important part of the future zero carbon energy systems.However,the uncertainty caused by renewable energy source brings huge challenges to the scheduling of MG and restricts its ability of carbon emission reduction.In this paper,a novel improved multi-ellipsoidal uncertainty set modeling method is proposed to better depict the uncertainty of wind power and reduce the conservativeness of traditional robust optimization.Probabilistic information from historical data is utilized to capture the temporal correlation of forecast error of wind power,as well as the conditional correlation of forecast error with forecast value,making the uncertainty set more data-adaptive to variation of forecast results and more accurate for uncertainty description.A two-stage robust optimization model of a grid-connected microgrid is established based on the proposed uncertainty set and solved by column and constraint generation algorithm.Simulation results based on actual data illustrate the average unbalanced power of microgrid between day-ahead trading and real-time power exchange with utility grid is dropped by nearly 11.16%compared with a deterministic optimization method,11.86%with traditional box uncertainty set-based robust optimization method,and 2.89%with stochastic optimization method.

Detection of skin defects on loquat using hyperspectral imaging combining both band radio and improved three-phase level set segmentation method

Background and objectives Skin defects are one of the primary problems that occur in post-harvest grading and processing of loquats.Skin defects lead to the loquat being easily destroyed during transportation and storage,which causes the risk of other loquats being infected,affecting the selling price.Materials and Methods In this paper,a method combining band radio image with an improved three-phase level set segmentation algorithm(ITPLSSM)is proposed to achieve high accuracy,rapid,and non-destructive detection of skin defects of loquats.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to find the characteristic wavelength and PC images to distinguish four types of skin defects.The best band ratio image based on characteristic wavelength was determined.Results The band ratio image(Q782/944)based on PC2 image is the best segmented image.Based on pseudo-color image enhancement,morphological processing,and local clustering criteria,the band ratio image(Q782/944)has better contrast between defective and normal areas in loquat.Finally,the ITPLSSM was used to segment the processing band ratio image(Q782/944),with an accuracy of 95.28%.Conclusions The proposed ITPLSSM method is effective in distinguishing four types of skin defects.Meanwhile,it also effectively segments images with intensity inhomogeneities.

Improved conservative level set method for free surface flow simulation

By coupling the standard and the conservative level set methods, an improved conservative level set method is proposed to capture the free surface smoothly with excellent mass conservation properties. The improvement lies in the fact that the surface normal is computed from a signed distance function instead of the Heaviside function. Comparing with the conservative level set method, the inevitable numerical discretization errors to point the surface normal in arbitrary directions could be eliminated, and the instability of the numerical solution could be improved efficiently. The advantage is clear in the straightforward combination of the standard level set and the conservative level set and a little effort is taken in coding compared with other coupled methods. The present method is validated with several well-known benchmark problems, including the 2-D Zalesak＇s disk rotating, the 3-D sphere stretching in deformation vortex and the dam break flow simulation. The results are shown to be in good agreement with the published experimental data and numerical results.