Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Interactive Effects for Improving Drought Resistance on Mung Bean Varieties

The planting areas of mung bean are mostly arid and semi-arid areas, and lack of irrigation conditions. Many studies have reported that fertilization can increase drought resistance. In our previous research, optimized nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) combined fertilization model was established in mung bean. In the present study, the optimal fertilization was conducted in pot trails, and mung bean varieties Bailv9 and Bailv11 were used as materials, while the four water regimes, and three fertilization ratios of F120 (optimal fertilization), F100 (conventional fertilization), F50 (half of conventional fertilization) treatments were set, to compare each fertilization ratio effects and non-fertilization condition under each water regimes respectively. Under different water conditions, the investigation of N, P, and K effects of optimal fertilization showed that the yield of Bailv9 was not sensitive to water stress and had strong drought resistance;their water sensitivity index and drought resistance coefficient were BaiLv9 as Di = 0.89 and DC = 0.79. The yield of Bailv11 was sensitive to water stress, and their drought resistance was weak;their water sensitivity index and drought resistance coefficient were BL11 Di = 1.76 DC = 0.59, and under different water treatment conditions, Bailv9 and Bailv11 all had the best yield and other related traits increase in the F120 fertilization mode compared with other fertilization and non-fertilization conditions, and the average yield increases were 31.56% and 28.08%, respectively. The pot trails conduct the drought stress treatments in mung bean varieties Bailv9, Bailv11, Bailv935 and Bailv985 to determine the function of NPK optimized fertilization for improving plants growth in drought stress condition. Compared with the mung bean varieties treated with F50, F100, and F120, the yield of Bailv9 increased by 56.20%, 81.27%, and 107.22%, respectively;compared with that of F0, the yield of Bailv11 increased by 10.18%, 19.42%, and 45.88%, respectively;Bailv935 increased by 26.52%, 61.90%, 74.16% respectively, and Bailv985 increased by 23.78%, 56.92%, 87.62% respectively. The significant performances of optimized fertilization were also verified in 20 mung bean varieties in our filed trails. The research establishes a theoretical basis for introducing the model into production practice in the next step.

Approaches to Improving Selectivity During Photoelectrochemical Transformation of Small Molecules

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) small-molecule oxidation can selectively transform substrates into high-value-added fine chemicals and increase the rate of cathode hydrogen evolution. Nevertheless, achieving high-selectivity PEC oxidation of small molecules to produce specific products is a very challenging task. In general, selectivity can be improved by changing the surface catalyticsites of the photoanode and modulating the interfacial environments of the reactions. Herein, recent advances in approaches to improving selective PEC oxidation of small molecules are introduced. We first briefly discuss the basic concept and fundamentals of small-molecule PEC oxidation. The reported approaches to improving the performance of selective PEC oxidation of small molecules are highlighted from two aspects: (1) changing the surface properties of photoanodes by selecting suitable materials or modifying the photoanodes and (2) mediating the oxidation reactions using redox mediators. The PEC oxidation mechanism of these studies is emphasized. We also discuss the challenges in this research direction and offer a perspective on the further development of selective PEC-based small-molecule transformation.

Improving the Quality of Public Space in Old Residential Areas Based on Superposition and Intervention:A Case Study of Baihuazhou District of Nanchang City

With the development of cities,China has entered an era of stock planning.The functions of old residential areas in urban development can no longer meet the needs of residents in the new era for a better life,and new standards have been put forward for the quality of public spaces for living.This paper analyzes and sorts out the characteristics and problems of the public space in the old residential areas of Baihuazhou district.Combining superposition and intervention techniques,the spatial,historical,cultural and other characteristic elements of the residential areas are preserved to the greatest extent.The public space in the old residential areas of Baihuazhou District is updated and reconstructed in order to achieve the goal of improving the quality of its public space.

Application of PDCA in improving hand hygiene compliance and nosocomial infection quality in orthopedics

Objective:To explore the effect of the Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle on hand hygiene and nosocomial infection quality of or thopedic medical staff.Methods:The whole year of 2021 was selected to monitor the quality of hand hygiene and hospitalization.Follow-up monitoring and real-time recording during the period of morning shift and medical operation concentration time,and compare the compliance of hand hygiene before and after implementation,and evaluate the quality of nosocomial infection.Results:The hand hygiene compliance of doctors and nurses in stage P was 82%.The compliance of medical staff in stage D was 93%.The compliance of stage C was 94%and that of stage A was 95%.The quality score of hospital self-examination nosocomial infection was also significantly increased.Conclusions:The PDCA management cycle can effectively improve the compliance of hand hygiene and the nosocomial infection quality,which is wor thy of circulatory application in or thopedic nosocomial infection quality control,especially improving the quality of hand hygiene.

4-Hydroxycinnamic acid attenuates neuronal cell death by inducing expression of plasma membrane redox enzymes and improving mitochondrial functions

Many approaches to neurodegenerative diseases that focus on amyloid-βclearance and gene therapy have not been successful.Some therapeutic applications focus on enhancing neuronal cell survival during the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including mitochondrial dysfunction.Plasma membrane(PM)redox enzymes are crucial in maintaining cellular physiology and redox homeostasis in response to mitochondrial dysfunction.Neurohormetic phytochemicals are known to induce the expression of detoxifying enzymes under stress conditions.In this study,mechanisms of neuroprotective effects of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid(HCA)were examined by analyzing cell survival,levels of abnormal proteins,and mitochondrial functions in two different neuronal cells.HCA protected two neuronal cells exhibited high expression of PM redox enzymes and the consequent increase in the NAD^(+)/NADH ratio.Cells cultured with HCA showed delayed apoptosis and decreased oxidative/nitrative damage accompanied by decreased ROS production in the mitochondria.HCA increased the mitochondrial complexes I and II activities and ATP production.Also,HCA increased mitochondrial fusion and decreased mitochondrial fission.Overall,HCA maintains redox homeostasis and energy metabolism under oxidative/metabolic stress conditions.These findings suggest that HCA could be a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases.

Call for papers for a special issue on improving patient safety

Patient safety is a serious global health issue.Nurses play a critical role in improving patient safety.This Special Focus Issue aims to report research and evidence-based practice about patient safety.This special issue welcomes original research papers,perspectives,conceptual papers,case reports,systematic reviews,and scoping review articles that address a range of topics including,but not limited to,the following areas:The four Cs of safety:Culture,Competency,Consequences&Continuous improvement.

Combined imbibition system with black nanosheet and low-salinity water for improving oil recovery in tight sandstone reservoirs

Nanomaterials and low-salinity water(LSW)are two popular enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods that have been widely studied in recent years.The former is used for in-depth conformance improvement and the latter for microscopic oil displacement(by altering the potential and contact angle).However,there are few literature on combining them to achieve synergistic effects,especially for tight sandstone res-ervoirs.Based on the reservoir conditions of the Jimusar Oilfield,this study investigated the oil recovery mechanism of the combined imbibition system,which was composed of black nanosheet(BN)and LSW.Its performances including decreasing interfacial tension,emulsification,and wettability alterations were evaluated.The imbibition differences between the single system of BN and LSW and the combined BN-LsW imbibition system were then compared.Results showed that the combined imbibition system had a better emulsification effect on the crude oil and could also alter the wettability of the core surface.Moreover,the combined system could increase both the imbibition rate and the ultimate oil recovery.The nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum also indicated that the addition of black nanosheets could divert more fluid into small pores and thus improve the microscopic sweep efficiency.

Improving Crude Oil Flow Using Graphene Flakes under an Applied Electric Field

Graphene flakes(GF)have been prepared and assessed as a material for improving flow in oil pipelines under the effect of an electric field.In particular,different amounts of GFs have been considered in order to determine the optimal flow conditions.The GFs were prepared from graphite foam,derived from the dehydration of sugar with a particle size of 500-600μm,which was dispersed in ethanol and exfoliated in a ball mill under a shear force.After 15 h of exfoliation,sonication,and subsequent high-speed centrifugation at 3000 rpm,irregular-shaped GFs of 50-140 nm were produced and characterized using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffractometry,atomic force microscopy,and Raman spectroscopy.The prepared graphene sheets have been found to display excellent morphology and good graphitic structure.Experiments on flow improvement were conducted using the central composite rotatable design method for three parameters:stimulation time(15,30,45,and 60 s),applied voltage(150,170,200,and 220 V),and concentration of the GFs(0,100,200,and 400 mg/L).The optimal conditions for improved crude oil flow were then determined using the STATISTICA and WinQSB software packages.The results have confirmed the effectiveness of the use of the prepared GFs as a flow improver for crude oil,where the flow improvement is essentially a result of a reduction in viscosity and suppression of friction in the crude oil system.

Improving QoS Using Mobility-Based Optimized Multipath Routing Protocol in MANET

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks(MANETs)connect numerous nodes to communicate data from the sender node to the target node.Due to the lack of an infrastructure network,mobile nodes communicate through wireless without an access point.MANET does not have a centralized controller and has a dynamic network topology,which increases link failure and energy consumption resulting in excessive path delay,loss of Quality of service(QoS),and reduced throughput during data communication.Congestion is a significant problem when the QoS of the link carrying the data is degraded.Routing is one of the vital challenges of MANET due to the very dynamic and distributed nature of MANET.This article introduces a Mobility-Based Optimized Multipath Routing Protocol(MBOMRP)and an Efficient Reliable Link-State Transmission(ERLST)algorithm to overcome these problems.The proposed Mobility-Based Optimized Multipath Routing Protocol(MBOMRP)is utilized for route discovery and maintenance to efficiently avoid traffic and sleeping nodes.ERLST algorithm is used for efficient data transmission to increase QoS measurement parameters like throughput,Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),and minimize the latency performance.The proposed MBOMRP-ERLST algorithm improves data communication network lifetime,avoids link failures,and provides efficient results compared with previous algorithms.

Improving Performance of Computer Algebra Systems

Computer Algebra Systems have been extensively used in higher education. The reasons are many e.g., visualize mathematical problems, correlate real-world problems on a conceptual level, are flexible, simple to use, accessible from anywhere, etc. However, there is still room for improvement. Computer algebra system (CAS) optimization is the set of best practices and techniques to keep the CAS running optimally. Best practices are related to how to carry out a mathematical task or configure your system. In this paper, we are going to examine these techniques. The documentation sheets of CASs are the source of data that we used to compare them and examine their characteristics. The research results reveal that there are many tips that we can follow to accelerate performance.

中美大陆区域气溶胶成分消光贡献研究综述

气溶胶消光作用是影响大气能见度的主控因素,气溶胶浓度、成分与其散射和吸收特性的非线性关系导致其对能见度的影响存在较大不确定性。1988~2008年美国IMPROVE(Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments)能见度监测网络各区域的重构细颗粒物(RCFM)浓度范围为1.4~19.4μg m^(-3),重构气溶胶消光系数为10.0~172.5 Mm^(-1)(1 Mm^(-1)=10^(-6) m^(-1))。2006~2018年中国各地区已有观测的平均细颗粒物PM2.5浓度为14.3~188.3μg m^(-3),对应的重构消光系数为52.6~1044.0 Mm^(-1)。美国地区PM2.5浓度水平与我国三亚地区相当;硫酸盐是气溶胶消光的最大贡献成分,占比可高达77%;其次是有机物,最大可达50%;而硝酸盐只有在南加州对气溶胶消光的贡献较大,超过了30%。同时,由于东部的相对湿度高于西部,东部和西部的消光差异比气溶胶浓度的差异更显著。在我国,硫酸盐和有机物同样是消光的主要成分,贡献分别为21%~57%和21%~39%;硝酸盐只在华中地区是主要的消光成分,超过了30%。我国气溶胶浓度和消光水平显著高于美国地区,当前广泛使用的气溶胶消光IMPROVE方程存在较高误差,消光系数低值高估和高值低估范围可达-60%~35%;并且污染越严重,消光低估越显著。采用较大误差的气溶胶消光算法将直接影响我国大气污染防治与蓝天计划的准确实施,随着我国大气污染防治工作的深入开展,急需针对我国各类环境和气候区域进行气溶胶成分消光的精准核算与溯源研究,为我国大气能见度提升提供关键科技支撑。

设施蔬菜产业发展(五) 我国老旧蔬菜设施现状、问题及改造提升对策建议

目前我国正在加快建设现代设施农业,推进老旧蔬菜设施改造升级,促进设施蔬菜产业的高质量发展。但是对老旧设施的现状和存在问题缺乏系统梳理,对如何破解改造工作面临的困难和提升改造对策缺乏系统研究。通过调研我国主要设施蔬菜产区,总结老旧设施现状及存在的主要问题,分析推进改造提升的主要制约因素,并提出明确工作重点、优化设施结构、完善工作机制、增强条件保障等方面的对策建议。

Improving the Reading Skills of ALS Learners Through Project RICE(Reading Intervention and Comprehension Enhancement)

One of the major problems in the education sector is the reading skills of learners.Students enrolled in the Alternative Learning System(ALS)also experienced this scenario due to several circumstances.This study focused on the improvement of reading comprehension skills of ALS learners by means of project RICE(Reading Intervention and Comprehension Enhancement)as well as the issues and challenges.A quasi-experimental design was utilized in this study which was participated by 54 learners,composed of 27 learners under the experimental group and 27 under the control group.The result revealed that the learners in the experimental group changed from frustration level to instructional level after the implementation of project RICE while the learners in the control group changed from instructional level to inde-pendent level,thereby signifying a significant difference and the effectiveness of the project.Additionally,issues with time and resources were often encountered by the learners.

Discussion on the Status Quo of Non-Destructive Testing Technology in Highway Engineering and Strategies of Improving the Quality of Testing

Highway test and detection technology play a very important role in controlling the quality of road and bridge engineering and improving the maintenance of roads and bridges.The study of highway bridge test detection technology is both theoretically and practically useful.Road and bridge test and detection is a complicated task.With the development of science and technology,highway and bridge engineering test and detection technology has also made great progress.The continuous improvement of test and detection technology has brought good social benefits to road and bridge construction.This article discusses the problems in test and detection technology of highway bridges and how to improve the quality of test and detection.

地基处理技术现状与发展

近年来我国的基础设施建设规模不断扩大,坚实的地基是确保工程建设安全与韧性的关键。因此,地基处理技术与工程品质之间的关联性愈发受到关注,这促进了地基处理技术的持续进步与发展,进而不断涌现出新的理论、技术和设备。文章简要阐述了地基处理的分类方法与发展特点,回顾了各类地基处理技术的研究现状,具体介绍了近年来复合地基技术、排水固结法、土工合成材料、高聚物注浆、固化剂、特殊土地基、大面积高填方地基和抗震地基处理技术等方面的新进展,归纳总结了地基处理智能设备、设计理论、评价方法和规范编制的发展情况。在现阶段信息化浪潮不断来袭、可持续发展作为永恒主题的新形势下,提出了地基处理技术应不懈追求“韧性、绿色、智能、人文”的品质提升的核心议题,探讨了地基处理行业各个方面的发展方向与未来展望,以期为地基处理领域的研究与技术人员提供参考和借鉴。

草地培育的内涵和方法

草地培育在草业科学理论指导下,通过一系列草地管理措施,解决草-畜供需季节性不平衡这一根本性矛盾,提高和完善草业系统的结构与功能。根据草地培育的作用目标或其尺度与属性、实施主体有5种划分方法。主要包括封育、休牧、划破、补播、施肥、灌溉、火烧、放牧、人工增雨、研学旅游、智慧管理、政策法规等,这些方法通过改变草业系统或其组分而融入草畜反馈机制。草地培育遵循产业化、慎重改造、综合性和尺度对应等原则,集成技术之间协同或叠加,效果达到超饱和或盈饱和,关键是确定生态系统对培育措施的适应期、响应期和饱和期3组阈值。草地培育建立以放牧为基础的边牧边育的模式,重视“有害”生物作为生态系统不可替代的组分及其资源属性,建设以草地健康水平为基础的标准化的草地培育流程,推动智能化、机械化、规模化作业,提高培育效率和效益。

数据要素与流通企业高质量发展

作为新型生产要素,数据要素已快速融入生产、流通、消费等环节,深刻改变着经济运行过程与企业组织管理模式。基于2007—2021年我国沪深A股上市流通企业样本,尝试利用Python技术爬取年报中的数据要素关键词频并进行量化处理,由此从理论和实证两个层次探究数据要素对流通企业高质量发展的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:数据要素能够显著促进流通企业高质量发展,这种结论在稳健性检验和内生性处理后仍然成立;数据要素主要通过降本增效与提质增效两种路径促进流通企业高质量发展,前者表现为以节约流通成本为核心的降低经营成本与扩大市场规模效应,后者表现为以提高流通速度为核心的促进市场匹配与增强部门协同效应;数据要素对流通企业高质量发展的促进作用存在明显异质性,这种作用在非国有企业、非零售行业以及大数据政策提出之后更显著。

面向产品设计改进的顾客偏好分析与预测

针对顾客产品偏好快速变化对企业分析和预测顾客偏好能力的要求,提出一种面向产品改进的顾客偏好分析与预测方法,首先构建长短期记忆网络模型,预测产品设计迭代期间的情感值和重要度,并计算预测准确度;然后通过基于产品特征情感变化模式的产品设计改进模型判断各个特征的变化模式,明确待改进的产品特征及改进优先级;最后以DJI Mini 2无人机的在线评论为例验证了方法的有效性。

科技自立自强视域下国家创新体系效能建设与提升——以长三角区域为例

国家创新体系效能建设与提升对实现高水平科技自立自强至关重要。文章以长三角区域为例,运用VIKOR方法评价长三角区域创新体系的整体效能,以实现高水平科技自立自强为目标构建了区域创新体系效能评价模型。研究表明:长三角区域创新体系效能自2016年以来呈逐年递增趋势;影响各省市创新体系效能建设与提升的因素不同,R&D经费支出对上海市有影响,创新平台对江苏省影响最大,研发机构—企业协同创新影响浙江省创新体系效能,对安徽省而言则是高校—企业协同创新。文章为提升长三角区域创新体系效能找到了着力点,并对创新体系效能建设与提升提出政策建议。

我国航运业绿色低碳发展的需求、路径与展望

为探讨航运业在综合运输体系中的重要性,并针对加速航运业绿色低碳发展对实现交通运输行业双碳战略目标的意义展开分析。通过考察航运业当前的碳排放状况,分析我国在绿色低碳发展方面存在的问题,对国内外绿色航运政策需求及其对航运业的影响进行综合评估。在此基础上,研究我国航运业绿色低碳发展的路径,包括总体思路、基本原则,以及相应的策略与实施措施,展望航运业绿色低碳发展的技术创新方向,提出从能源替代和运营管理两个方面促进航运业绿色低碳发展。