New Discovery and Zircon Hf Isotopic Composition of the Early Yanshannian Monzogranite in the Yingyangguan Group of Eastern Guangxi, China

Objective The Yingyangguan Group is widely exposed in the southwestern segment of boundary belt between Yangtze and Cathaysian blocks and is mainly composed of a suit of lower-grade metamorphic marine volcanoclastic- sedimentary rocks （Zhou Hanwen et al., 2002）. Its forming age and petrogenesis are critical for better understanding the orogenic process and relationship of the Yangtze and Cathaysian blocks since the Neoproterozoic. However, few zircon U-Pb ages of samples from the Yingyangguan Group have been reported, which are much debated, such as the metamorphic spilite （819±11 Ma）, keratophyre （415.1±2.1 Ma） and ignimbrite （821.3±3.9 Ma） （Tian Yang et al., 2015 and references in）. In this study, we focus on the new discovered Early Yanshannian monzogranite and its mafic enclaves from the Yingyangguan Group, and conducted zircon U-Pb dating and in-situ Hf isotopic analyses to constrain their petrogenesis.

A new discovery of The Early Cretaceous Supercritical Hyperpycnal Flow Deposits on Lingshan Island,East China

Objective Understanding the dynamics of sediment gravity flows is of great importance to correctly interpret their related deposits. The discovery of supercritical sediment gravity flows provides some new viewpoints for the explanation of controversial sediment gravity flow deposits. However, the dynamics, formation, evolution processes of supercritical sediment gravity flows and their recognition criteria from their associated deposits are still worldwide controversial. The supercritical hyperpycnal flow deposits recognized in the upper part of Early Cretaceous Lingshandao Formation provide a rare opporttmity to understand their sedimentary characteristics. This work is aimed at documenting the typical sedimentary structures associated with the supercritical hyperpycnal flow, and discussing the vertical stacking and its relationship with flow evolution.

New Genus and Species of Fossil Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) from the Yixian Formation of Northeastern China

Two well-preserved fossil dragonflies from the Late Mesozoic Yixian Formation, Liaoning Province, China are described and assigned to a new genus, Sopholibellula gen. nov. in Araripelibellulidae Bechly, 1996, closely related to the type genus Araripelibellula. This new genus differs from AraripelibeUula in the following characters： origins of RP and MA distinctly separated at arculus in both pairs of wings; anal loop wider and shorter, with Y-shaped veins inside; MA and IR2 not zigzag; several small intercalary veins present in the postdiscoidal area of hindwing; cells smaller and much more dense, especially in the apex and hind margin; bigger in size. Structures, including head, abdomen and parts of legs, were first described in details of this family.

China's External Economic Environment in the Early New Century

Four Changes in World EconomyFirst,a new round of global economic growth is under way.In 2000,oil pricerose rapidly,stoek markets and exchange rates remained volatile and interestrates went up.All these disadvantages did not undermine the foundations of worldeconomy,and the average growth rate of global gross domestic product(GDP)

New Stage of the Northwest China 330 kV Power System Development - A Brief Introduction of System Planning in Northwest China to the Year 2000

The system planning of the Northwest China 330 kV Power System from present to the year 2000 is introduced in this paper. Some technical problems arising from the system planning, such as network configuration, system stability and reactive power compensation etc. are also briefly summarized.

Review of Marxist Political Party Theory Innovation Over the 70 Years Since the Establishment of PRC

since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China,the central leader-groups from generation to generation have been continuously exploring and innovating Marxist political party theory in terms of its value target,ideological construction,working style,and organization developments.This process can be categorized into five stages:the founding stage in Mao Zedong’s era,the development stage in Deng Xiaoping’s ear,the promotion stage in Jiang Zemin’s times,the deepening stage under Hu Jintao’s leadership,and the stage of further innovation by Xi Jinping in the new era,with the characteristics of inheritance,development as well as scientificity and valuation.

China's Traditional Music Enters a New Era——Impression of "China National Concert in Spring Festival of Year of Horse" by HK Zhongyue Orchestra

At 11:00 a.m. of February 10, 2002, the"China National Concert in the Spring Festival ofthe Year of the Horse" was solemnly given in thegolden hall of Vienna. The Hong Kong ChineseFolk Music Orchestra, under the direction of thechief inspector and famous conductor

2019 "Happy Chinese New Year"- China Apparel and Costume Show Held in Ulan Bator

On January 21, 2019 “Happy Chinese New Year"——China Apparel and Costume Show was held in Ulan Bator, Mongolia. The activity not only displayed the beauty of Chinese traditional cheongsam and handicrafts, but also presented the most sincerest Chinese New Year blessings to people in Mongolia.

Happy New Year to Our Readers and Greetings to China International Studies

Editors’ Note: The New Year approaches as we greet the first anniversary of China International Studies. Availing ourselves of this opportunity, we sincerely wish our readers a happy and prosperous New Year! China International Studies began its publication last December. Since its inception, various think-tanks and institutions of higher learning both at home and abroad as well as Chinese embassies in foreign countries and foreign embassies in Beijing have offered it great support. Many readers wrote to us giving their encouragement on this new-born publication. We are carrying some of the messages in this issue to express our deep appreciation. Articles in this issue are mainly on the Middle East situation, the Iran nuclear issue, China-EU relations, China-India relations and China’s peaceful diplomacy. We are also publishing a paper by a foreign scholar for the first time.

A new Eocene catostomid (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from northeastern China and early divergence of Catostomidae

A new Eocene catostomid genus and species,Plesiomyxocyprinus arratiae, is described from Huadian, Jilin Province, northeastern China. The materials include a nearly complete skeleton, dozens of pharyngeal bones with teeth, and a number of disarticulated bones. The new articulated specimen is large-sized and deep-bodied, with an estimated standard length of ca. 300 mm and body depth of 156 mm or about half of its standard length. The assignment of the fish to the Catostomidae is based on its falciform pharyngeal bone with one row of numerous (more than 50) compressed teeth, and the bone is much smaller than in cyprinids, especially given the size of the fish. The new fish distinguishes itself from all known catostomids (both extinct and extant) in its long anal fin with four unbranched and 17-18 branched rays, and its extremely short caudal peduncle that is only about one fourth of its depth. Plesiomyxocyprinus arratiae resembles the Eocene-Oligocene transpacific-distributed Amyzon in many general skeletal characters. However, it shows a few characters uniquely shared with the Recent catostomid Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Those include a very long dorsal fin with about 50 branched fin rays, the end of dorsal fin rays being close to the caudal fin base, and anal rays stretching posteriorly beyond the base of caudal fin. It is the first fossil catostomid that shows a close relationship to the endemic Myxocyprinus now living in the Yangtze River and Minjiang River, China. The discovery of Plesiomyxocyprinus arratiae, along with two previously described possible catostomid genera Jianghanichthys and Vasnetzovia, may indicate that the divergence of the Catostomidae started much earlier, in the middle Eocene or earlier, on the western side of the Pacific than on its eastern side.

A new ichnotaxon of fossil bird track from the Early Cretaceous Tianjialou Formation (Barremian- Albian), Shandong Province, China

A single set of 5 bird tracks was discovered in the Tianjialou Formation (Barremian-Albian) of Junan County, Shandong Province, China. After careful study we infer that it is a new type of bird tracks, and a new ichnoge- nus was erected and the name Shandongornipes was given. The characteristics of the new bird track are as follows: Moderately large tetradactyl footprints with well-developed hallux impression. Track width (about 5.8 cm) almost equal to track length (excluding hallux); total length of track (in- cluding hallux) 8.7 cm. The digit impressions are slender, with distal ends showing long sharp claw marks. Hallux pos- teriorly-directed, and hallux impressions well-developed. Digits II, III and IV point anteriorly, exhibiting mesaxonic asymmetry: divarication angle between II and III much lar- ger than that of III and IV, the former ranging from 91° to 118°, and the latter less than 30°. Divarication between digits II and IV ranging from 128° to 142°. Without web structures. Digital pads recognizable, usually at least three in digits III and IV, but sometimes only two due to preservation. The trackway shows slight positive (inward) rotation of feet. The bird tracks occur in association with abundant dinosaur tracks, and are believed to have formed in flood plain environments.

"Happy Chinese New Year" Gala in Paris

On February 6, China Cultural Center in Paris was ablaze with lights and had great festive atmosphere. All seats at the mu11i-function hall were occupied. After the activity of "Celebrating Chinese New Year at China Cultural Center","Happy Chinese New Year'' Gala was held at China Cultural Center.

A new early cyprinin from Oligocene of South China

Here we describe tHuashancyprinus robustispinus, gen. et sp. nov, a fossil cyprinin fish from the Oligocene of Ningming Ba- sin, Guangxi, South China. It differs from all other cyprinin fishes in the following apomorphic characters： extremely robust last unbranched dorsal and anal fin rays with very fine serrations along posterior edge, the crowns of pharyngeal teeth A2 and A3 with a number of deep grooves on the lateral wall, rather large A3, and relatively deep infraorbital 2. Among the members of the Tribe Cyprinini sensu stricto, it mostly resembles the extant genus Cyprinus, particularly to species Cyprinus micristius and C. fuxianensis, which are restricted to Yunnan, southwestern China. The discovery of the cyprinin Huashancyprinus from southern China, along with the previously known late Eocene tCyprinus maomingensis, indicates an early branching of the Cyprininae （Cyprinidae） in this area.

Atmospheric and Oceanic Oxygenation and Evolution of Early Life on Earth: New Contributions from China

The buildup of oxygen in the Earth＇s atmosphere and oceans has fundamentally reshaped the dynamics of nearly all major biogeochemical cycles and ultimately paved the way for the diversification of complex life on Earth. Over the past decades there have been sustained efforts to develop a more comprehensive understanding of ocean-atmosphere redox evolution and its relationship to the evolution of early life （Fig. 1）. It is generally accepted that the development of oxygenic photosynthesis at ~2.7 Ga may have been responsible for the Great Oxidation Event （GOE） at the beginning of the Proterozoic Eon, whereas a second big O2 rise at the end of the Proterozoic Eon （the so-called Neoproterozoic Oxidation Event or NOE） was responsible for the diversification of metazoans （Lyons et al., 2014）.

‘Friendship Always,Antagonism Never’The launch of the Year of Russia marks a new chapter in a growing partnership between China and Russia

Most Chinese are at ease when talking about Russia. After all, past generations of Chinese were heavily influenced by things Russian-be it the language, folk songs, literature or food. This is easy to understand. China is Russia's largest neighbor and vice versa. The two countries are also important strategic partners. Joint efforts over the years have led to an unprecedented level of part-

论构建人类命运共同体的中国担当——基于习近平新年贺词的分析

人类命运共同体是国家主席习近平新年贺词的主题之一,中国作为构建人类命运共同体理念的发起者与推动者,在践行这一理念的过程中积极担当,作出了重要贡献。坚持扩大开放,为构建人类命运共同体注入了强大动力;提出和践行“一带一路”倡议,为构建人类命运共同体提供了实践平台;坚持以人民为中心,为构建人类命运共同体提供了根本遵循;全面建成小康社会,为构建人类命运共同体作出了中国贡献;积极参与全球治理,为构建人类命运共同体提供了重要路径。

中华人民共和国成立初期民间药方的收集与影响

中华人民共和国成立初期,由中国共产党领导开展的民间药方收集是各级卫生部门贯彻落实党的中医政策的结果,也是社会主义医疗卫生事业的重要组成部分。党和政府凭借强大的组织体系和社会动员能力使药方收集工作得以在全国迅速展开,并取得了明显成效。药方收集的普遍开展,在保障人民群众生命健康、继承和发扬祖国医学遗产、推动我国医学科学事业的发展以及提升民众的爱国热情等方面,都产生了积极的影响。

民初新式知识分子重释“天下兴亡匹夫有责”论

民初一些知识分子以报刊为阵地大声疾呼并努力诠释“天下兴亡匹夫有责”。他们赋予此一流行话语以时代新义,其中“天下”与“国家”由异趋同聚合为近代共和国,而“匹夫”则由传统臣民一跃而为近代国民。“天下”与“匹夫”的关系遂转变为国家与国民的新关系。而近代语境下的“匹夫有责”的“责”则凸显为自觉弘扬中华民族传统优秀道义精神,视其为天赋人权精神中应有之义,具体外现为职责、责任、良心与诚信等道德素养,蕴含着浓郁的政治文化与社会文化等价值诉求。这从一个侧面透露出“天下兴亡匹夫有责”渐成中国近代爱国主义的代名词。

新中国成立初期国家领导层对和平共处的认识

在两极对立的冷战背景下,中华人民共和国在和平共处外交方针的指导下,至1956年,通过直接建交和谈判建交的方式,与27个国家建立了外交关系,还通过“走出去”与“请进来”的外交实践,实现了与一些国家的和平共处。国家领导层从新中国成立初期的外交实践中认识到:和平共处是新中国外交的长期方针;尊重领土主权和平等互利是和平共处的核心;制度自信是和平共处的底蕴;国家富强是和平共处的后盾;和平共处要有危机意识;坚持和平共处形式上的多样性、策略上的灵活性和方针上的求同存异;签订和平条约和建构制度机制是和平共处的保障。上述认识对当下坚持和谐共处外交、构建人类命运共同体仍有指导意义。