Parameter changes and influencing factors in sixty patients with interventional surgery for liver cancer diagnoses

BACKGROUND The development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is influenced by multiple factors.Interventional therapy offers an effective treatment option for patients with unresectable intermediate-to-advanced HCC.Interventional therapy can induce electrocardiographic(ECG)abnormalities that may be associated with liver dysfunction,electrolyte disorders,and cardiac injury.AIM To explore the ECG alterations and determinants following interventional therapy in patients with HCC.METHODS Sixty patients undergoing interventional treatment for liver cancer were selected as study participants.According to the results of the dynamic ECG examination 1 day after surgery,the patients were divided into an abnormal group(n=21)and a nonabnormal group(n=39).With the help of dynamic ECG examination,the ECG parameters were compared and the baseline data of patients was recorded in the two groups.RESULTS The 24 hours QT interval variability,24 hours normal atrial polarization to ventricular polarization(R-R)interval(standard deviation),24 hours consecutive 5 minutes normal R-R interval,and 24 hours continuous 5 minutes normal R-R interval(standard deviation mean)were lower than patients in the nonabnormal group(P<0.05).The logistic analysis showed that age>60 years,liver function grade B,and postoperative body temperature 38°C were risk factors for abnormal dynamic electrocardiogram in patients with liver cancer intervention(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Interventional therapy for HCC can lead to ECG abnormalities,underscoring the clinical need for enhanced cardiac monitoring to mitigate myocardial complications.

Influence factors of clinical effects on patients with early gastric cancer:A retrospective study

BACKGROUND Identifying factors that influence non-curative resection(NCR)is critical to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes in patients with early gastric cancer(EGC).AIM To investigate the factors influencing the NCR of EGC and to evaluate the predictive value of these factors.METHODS The clinical data of 173 patients with EGC admitted between July 2020 and July 2023 were retrospectively collected.According to radical resection criteria,the patients were further divided into curative resection group(n=143)and NCR group(n=30).Clinical information was collected,including surgical method,tumor diameter,tumor site,ulcer formation,depth of invasion,pathological type,and lymph node metastasis.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting non-curable resection.RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ulcer formation[odds ratio(OR)=3.53;95%confidence interval(CI):1.55-8.01,P=0.003],pathological type(OR=3.73;95%CI:1.60-8.74,P=0.002),tumor diameter(OR=3.15;95%CI:1.40-7.05,P=0.005),tumor location(OR=3.50;95%CI:1.16-10.58,P=0.027),lymph node metastasis(OR=4.40;95%CI:1.83-10.57,P=0.001),and depth of penetration(OR=3.75;95%CI:1.60-8.74,P=0.002)were all risk factors for NCR in EGC patients.Predictive analysis showed varying area under the curve values for factors such as tumor diameter(0.636),tumor location(0.608),ulcer formation(0.652),infiltration depth(0.658),pathological type(0.656),and lymph node metastasis(0.674).CONCLUSION The results suggest that factors such as tumor diameter,tumor location,ulcer formation,depth of invasion,pathological type,and lymph node metastasis increase the risk of NCR in EGC patients.

Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Drinking Water Sources:Origins,Influencing Factors,and Environmental Insights

Tracing the contamination origins in water sources and identifying the impacts of natural and human processes are essential for ecological safety and public health.However,current analysis approaches are not ideal,as they tend to be laborious,time-consuming,or technically difficult.Disinfection byproducts(DBPs)are a family of well-known secondary pollutants formed by the reactions of chemical disinfectants with DBP precursors during water disinfection treatment.Since DBP precursors have various origins(e.g.,natural,domestic,industrial,and agricultural sources),and since the formation of DBPs from different precursors in the presence of specific disinfectants is distinctive,we argue that DBPs and DBP precursors can serve as alternative indicators to assess the contamination in water sources and identify pollution origins.After providing a retrospective of the origins of DBPs and DBP precursors,as well as the specific formation patterns of DBPs from different precursors,this article presents an overview of the impacts of various natural and anthropogenic factors on DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water sources.In practice,the DBPs(i.e.,their concentration and speciation)originally present in source water and the DBP precursors determined using DBP formation potential tests—in which water samples are dosed with a stoichiometric excess of specific disinfectants in order to maximize DBP formation under certain reaction conditions—can be considered as alternative metrics.When jointly used with other water quality parameters(e.g.,dissolved organic carbon,dissolved organic nitrogen,fluorescence,and molecular weight distribution)and specific contaminants of emerging concern(e.g.,certain pharmaceuticals and personal care products),DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water sources can provide a more comprehensive picture of water pollution for better managing water resources and ensuring human health.

Spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of rural settlements in mountainous areas: an example of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Southwestern China

Rural settlement is the basic spatial unit for compact communities in rural area. Scientific exploration of spatial-temporal differentiation and its influencing factors is the premise of spatial layout rationalization. Based on land use data of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred to as Liangshan Prefecture) in Sichuan Province, China from 1980 to 2020, compactness index, fractal dimension, imbalance index, location entropy and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector(OPGD) model are used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the morphological characteristics of rural settlements, and to explore the influence of natural geographical factors, socioeconomic factors, and policy factors on the spatial differentiation of rural settlements. The results show that:(1) From 1980 to 2020, the rural settlements area in Liangshan Prefecture increased by 15.96 km^(2). In space, the rural settlements are generally distributed in a local aggregation, dense in the middle and sparse around the periphery. In 2015, the spatial density and expansion index of rural settlements reached the peak.(2) From 1980 to 2020, the compactness index decreased from 0.7636 to 0.7496, the fractal dimension increased from 1.0283 to 1.0314, and the fragmentation index decreased from 0.1183 to 0.1047. The spatial morphological structure of rural settlements tended to be loose, the shape contour tended to be complex, the degree of fragmentation decreased, and the spatial distribution was significantly imbalanced.(3) The results of OPGD detection in 2015 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2371) > traffic accessibility(0.2098) > population(0.1403) > regional GDP(0.1325) > elevation(0.0987) > poverty alleviation(0). The results of OPGD detection in 2020 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2339) > traffic accessibility(0.2198) > population(0.1432) > regional GDP(0.1219) > poverty alleviation(0.0992) > elevation(0.093). Natural geographical factors(slope and elevation) are the basic factors affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements, and rural settlements are widely distributed in the river valley plain and the second half mountain area. Socioeconomic factors(traffic accessibility, population, and regional GDP) have a greater impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements, which is an important factor affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements. Policy factors such as poverty alleviation relocation have an indispensable impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements. The research results can provide decisionmaking basis for the spatial arrangement of rural settlements in Liangshan Prefecture, and optimize the implementation of rural revitalization policies.

Analysis of the influencing factors and clinical related characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND In China,the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among diabetic patients is estimated to be between 90%-95%.Additionally,China is among the 22 countries burdened by a high number of tuberculosis cases,with approximately 4.5 million individuals affected by active tuberculosis.Notably,T2DM poses a significant risk factor for the development of tuberculosis,as evidenced by the increased incidence of T2DM coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis(T2DMPTB),which has risen from 19.3%to 24.1%.It is evident that these two diseases are intricately interconnected and mutually reinforcing in nature.AIM To elucidate the clinical features of individuals diagnosed with both T2DM and tuberculosis(T2DM-PTB),as well as to investigate the potential risk factors associated with active tuberculosis in patients with T2DM.METHODS T2DM-PTB patients who visited our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected as the observation group,Simple DM patients presenting to our hospital in the same period were the control group,Controls and case groups were matched 1:2 according to the principle of the same sex,age difference(±3)years and disease duration difference(±5)years,patients were investigated for general demographic characteristics,diabetes-related characteristics,body immune status,lifestyle and behavioral habits,univariate and multivariate analysis of the data using conditional logistic regression,calculate the odds ratio(OR)values and 95%CI of OR values.RESULTS A total of 315 study subjects were included in this study,including 105 subjects in the observation group and 210 subjects in the control group.Comparison of the results of both anthropometric and biochemical measures showed that the constitution index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and lymphocyte count were significantly lower in the case group,while fasting blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher than those in the control group.The results of univariate analysis showed that poor glucose control,hypoproteinemia,lymphopenia,TB contact history,high infection,smoking and alcohol consumption were positively associated with PTB in T2DM patients;married,history of hypertension,treatment of oral hypoglycemic drugs plus insulin,overweight,obesity and regular exercise were negatively associated with PTB in T2DM patients.Results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis found lymphopenia(OR=17.75,95%CI:3.40-92.74),smoking(OR=12.25,95%CI:2.53-59.37),history of TB contact(OR=6.56,95%CI:1.23-35.03)and poor glycemic control(OR=3.37,95%CI:1.11-10.25)was associated with an increased risk of developing PTB in patients with T2DM,While being overweight(OR=0.23,95%CI:0.08-0.72)and obesity(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.02-0.72)was associated with a reduced risk of developing PTB in patients with T2DM.CONCLUSION T2DM-PTB patients are prone to worse glycemic control,higher infection frequency,and a higher proportion of people smoking,drinking alcohol,and lack of exercise.Lymphopenia,smoking,history of TB exposure,poor glycemic control were independent risk factors for T2DM-PTB,and overweight and obesity were associated with reduced risk of concurrent PTB in patients with T2DM.

Study on psychological resilience and associated influencing factors in lung cancer patients with bone metastases

BACKGROUND Evaluating the psychological resilience of lung cancer(LC)patients helps understand their mental state and guides future treatment.However,there is limited research on the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone me-tastases.AIM To explore the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone metastases and identify factors that may influence psychological resilience.METHODS LC patients with bone metastases who met the inclusion criteria were screened from those admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.The psychological scores of the enrolled patients were collected.They were then grouped based on the mean psychological score:Those with scores lower than the mean value were placed in the low-score group and those with scores equal to or greater than the mean value was placed in the high-score group.The baseline data(age,gender,education level,marital status,residence,monthly income,and religious beliefs),along with self-efficacy and medical coping mode scores,were compared.RESULTS This study included 142 LC patients with bone metastases admitted to our hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,with an average psychological resilience score of 63.24±9.96 points.After grouping,the low-score group consisted of 69 patients,including 42 males and 27 females,with an average age of 67.38±9.55 years.The high-score group consisted of 73 patients,including 49 males and 24 females,with a mean age of 61.97±5.00 years.χ2 analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in education level(χ2=6.604,P=0.037),residence(χ2=12.950,P=0.002),monthly income(χ2=9.375,P=0.009),and medical coping modes(χ2=19.150,P=0.000).Independent sample t-test showed that the high-score group had significantly higher self-efficacy scores(t=3.383,P=0.001)and lower age than the low-score group(t=4.256,P<0.001).Furthermore,multivariate logistic regression hazard analysis confirmed that self-efficacy is an independent protective factor for psychological resilience[odds ratio(OR)=0.926,P=0.035,95%confidence interval(CI):0.862-0.995],while age(OR=1.099,P=0.003,95%CI:1.034-1.169)and medical coping modes(avoidance vs confrontation:OR=3.767,P=0.012,95%CI:1.342-10.570;resignation vs confrontation:OR=5.687,P=0.001,95%CI:1.974-16.385)were identified as independent risk factors.A predictive model based on self-efficacy,age,and medical coping modes was developed.The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve value of 0.778(95%CI:0.701-0.856,P<0.001),indicating that the model has good predictive performance.CONCLUSION LC patients with bone metastases are less psychologically resilient than the general population.Factors such as self-efficacy,age,and medical coping modes influence their psychological resilience.Patients with low self-efficacy,old age,and avoidance/resignation coping modes should be closely observed.

Variations in evaporation from water surfaces along the margins of the Badain Jaran Desert over nearly 60 years and influencing factors

Based on meteorological data collected over nearly 60 years(1960-2017)from four national meteorological stations along the margins of the Badain Jaran Desert,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in evaporation from water surfaces and identified the dominant controlling factors.Methods used included linear trend analysis,linear tendency estimation,the departure method,the rank correlation coefficient-based method,and Multiple Linear Regression(MLR).Results indicate notable spatiotemporal differences in evaporation distribution and evolution.Spatially,average annual evaporation exhibited a pronounced altitude effect,decreasing at a rate of about 8.23 mm/m from east to west with increasing altitude.Temporally,annual evaporation showed significant upward trends after 1996 at the northeastern(Guaizi Lake)and western(Dingxin)margins,with rates of 132 mm/10a and 105 mm/10a,respectively.Conversely,along the northwestern(Ejina Banner)and southern(Alxa Right Banner)margins of the desert,an evaporation paradox was observed,with annual evaporation trending downward at rates of 162 mm/10a and 187 mm/10a,respectively,especially after 1987.The dominant factors controlling evaporation varied spatially:Average annual temperature and relative humidity influended the western margin(Dingxin),average annual temperature was the key factor for the northeastern margin(Guaizi Lake),and average wind speed was crucial for the northern(Ejina Banner)and southern(Alxa Right Banner)margins.

Modeling Analysis of Factors Influencing Wind-Borne Seed Dispersal: A Case Study on Dandelion

A weed is a plant that thrives in areas of human disturbance, such as gardens, fields, pastures, waysides, and waste places where it is not intentionally cultivated. Dispersal affects community dynamics and vegetation response to global change. The process of seed disposal is influenced by wind, which plays a crucial role in determining the distance and probability of seed dispersal. Existing models of seed dispersal consider wind direction but fail to incorporate wind intensity. In this paper, a novel seed disposal model was proposed in this paper, incorporating wind intensity based on relevant references. According to various climatic conditions, including temperate, arid, and tropical regions, three specific regions were selected to establish a wind dispersal model that accurately reflects the density function distribution of dispersal distance. Additionally, dandelions growth is influenced by a multitude of factors, encompassing temperature, humidity, climate, and various environmental variables that necessitate meticulous consideration. Based on Factor Analysis model, which completely considers temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, wind, and land carrying capacity, a conclusion is presented, indicating that the growth of seeds is primarily influenced by plant attributes and climate conditions, with the former exerting a relatively stronger impact. Subsequently, the remaining two plants were chosen based on seed weight, yielding consistent conclusion.

A Problem Not to Be Ignored: The Influencing Factors of Mobile Phone Addiction and Its Influence on Sleep Quality

Background and Objective: With the popularity and widespread use of mobile phones, the effects of mobile phone dependence and addiction on individuals’ physical and mental health have attracted more and more attention. The present study aims to analyze the current state of mobile phone addiction and its impact on sleep quality within the population, while also exploring the influence of related factors on sleep quality. Ultimately, this research will provide a scientific foundation for targeted intervention measures and strategies. Methods: A total of 253 permanent residents in Nanjing were randomly selected as study subjects. The Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the degree of smartphone addiction and sleep quality of the study subjects. Body mass index (BMI) was measured according to standardized procedures. Independent sample t-test, Chi-square test, rank sum test and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the correlation between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality, and P Results: 117 people (46.2%) were addicted to mobile phones. Chi-square test showed that the rate of mobile phone addiction in drinking group was significantly higher than that in non-drinking group (P P P P P P P P P P Conclusion: Mobile phone addiction may lead to shorter sleep duration and reduce sleep efficiency. The withdrawal of mobile phone addiction may have a negative impact on sleep quality. According to the characteristics of the population, appropriate comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to build an effective evaluation system, so as to reduce the impact of mobile phone addiction and withdrawal problems on sleep and improve sleep quality.

Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

The effects of various contaminants in the electrolytic refinement of indium were investigated using a glow discharge mass spectrometer(GDMS).The effects of several factors such as the indium ion(In3+)concentration,the sodium chloride(NaCl)concentration,the current density,the gelatin concentration,the pH,and the electrode distance,were examined.Significant variations in impurity levels concerning gelatin concentration were observed.Both the gelatin and In3+concentration were moderately positively correlated with the Pb content.The Sb concentration was associated positively with the NaCl concentration,while the Ti concentration had an adverse correlation with the NaCl concentration.The Bi element content was positively linked to the electrode distance.As the current density increased,Cu,Pb,and Bi impurities initially rose and then eventually declined.Notably,a critical current density of 45 A·m^(-2) was identified in this behavior.

Dual carbon goal and agriculture in China:Exploring key factors influencing farmers’behavior in adopting low carbon technologies

Identifying the factors influencing farmers’adoption of low-carbon technologies(FA)and understanding their impacts are essential for shaping effective agricultural policies amied at emission reduction and carbon sequestration in China.This study employs a meta-analysis of 122 empirical studies,delves into 23 driving factors affecting FA and addresses the inconsistencies present in the existing literature.We systematically examine the effect size,source of heterogeneity,and time-accumulation effect of the driving factors on FA.We find that significant heterogeneity in the factors influencing FA,except for farming experience,sources of heterogeneity from the survey zone,methodology model,technological attributes,report source,financial support,and the sampling year.Additionally,age,farming experience,and adoption cost negatively correlate with FA.In contrast,educational level,health status,technical training,economic and welfare cognition,land contract,soil quality,terrain,information accessibility,demonstration,government promotion,government regulation,government support,agricultural cooperatives member,peer effect,and agricultural income ratio demonstrate a positive correlation.Especially,demonstration and age show a particularly strong correlation.Finally,the effect of demonstration,age,economic and welfare cognition,farming experience,land contract,soil quality,information accessibility,government promotion,and support,as well as agricultural cooperative membership and peer effects on FA,are generally stable but exhibit varying degrees of attenuation over time.The effect of village cadre,family income,farm scale,gender,health status,technical training,and off-farm work on FA show notable temporal shifts and maintain a weak correlation with FA.This study contributes to shaping China’s current low-carbon agriculture policies across various regions.It encourages policymakers to comprehensively consider the stability of key factors,other potential factors,technological attributes,rural socio-economic context,and their interrelations.

Influencing factors of self-management ability among dry eye patients in west China

AIM:To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of self-management ability in dry eye patients in west China.METHODS:A total of 265 patients clinically diagnosed with dry eye received a convenience survey questionnaire at West China Hospital of Sichuan University.All participants completed the rating scale of health self-management skill for adults(AHSMSRS),Huaxi Emotional-Distress Index(HEI),e-health literacy scale(e-HEALS)and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire(Brief-IPQ).A generalized linear model was employed to establish a multivariate linear model with demographic data,psychological state,e-HEALS,and illness perception as independent variables and health selfmanagement skill score as the dependent variable.RESULTS:The mean score for health self-management skill was 165.58±15.79.Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age,better illness perception and improved psychological state were associated with better health selfmanagement ability among dry eye patients.Furthermore,the health self-management ability of patients with a disease duration less than 1y was found to be higher compared to those with a disease duration exceeding 1y.CONCLUSION:The health self-management ability of dry eye patients in west China is relatively high.Age,duration of disease,illness perception and psychological state are the influencing factors on the health selfmanagement ability of dry eye patients.

Research Progress on Self-Efficacy Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Influencing Factors

Self-efficacy plays an important role in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and it runs through the whole process of diabetes treatment, which is conducive to controlling and delaying the occurrence and development of complications, as well as improving the quality of life of patients. This paper mainly describes the concept of self-efficacy, the current situation of self-efficacy of diabetic patients at home and abroad, the functional aspects and their influencing factors, so as to take relevant measures on how to improve self-efficacy. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for the development of self-efficacy interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Factors Influencing Mode of Delivery: A Case-Control Study

The primary objective of this investigation was to scrutinize the prepregnancy conditions and lifestyles of 2046 women residing in Liuzhou City, with the aim of delineating the determinants of delivery methods. Evidently, the study unearthed substantial correlations between prepregnancy body mass index, educational attainment, exposure to passive smoking, medical history, and other variables with the mode of delivery. Furthermore, a predictive nomogram model was formulated to accurately forecast the likelihood of cesarean section. These discernments equip pertinent authorities with the means to institute targeted screening and supportive measures for women contemplating pregnancy based on these identified factors. Moreover, provision of services such as prepregnancy counseling and clinical risk assessments could be instrumental in curbing the incidence of cesarean section.

Influencing factors analysis of hard limestone reformation and strength weakening under acidic effect

Roof disaster has always been an important factor restricting coal mine safety production.Acidic effect can reform the rock mass structure to weaken the macroscopic strength characteristics,which is an effective way to control the hard limestone roof.In this study,the effects of various factors on the reaction characteristics and mechanical properties of limestone were analyzed.The results show that the acid with stronger hydrogen production capacity after ionization(pK_(a)<0)has more prominent damage to the mineral grains of limestone.When pKa increases from−8.00 to 15.70,uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of limestone increase by 117.22%and 75.98%.The influence of acid concentration is manifested in the dissolution behavior of mineral crystals,the crystal defects caused by large-scale acid action will lead to the deterioration of limestone strength,and the strength after 15%concentration reformation can be reduced by 59.42%.The effect of acidification time on limestone has stages and is the most obvious in the initial metathesis reaction stage(within 60 min).The key to the strength damage of acidified limestone is the participation of hydrogen ions in the reaction system.Based on the analytic hierarchy process method,the influence weights of acid type,acid concentration and acidification time on strength are 24.30%,59.54% and 16.16%,respectively.The research results provide theoretical support for the acidification control of hard limestone roofs in coal mines.

Distribution and influencing factors of microeukaryote in different water layers of the southwestern Indian Ocean Ridge

Microeukaryotes play a vital role in shaping marine ecosystems,especially in marine productivity,the microbial food web,and carbon cycle.The Indian Ocean is one of the largest oligotrophic areas in the world,but little is known about the biodiversity of microeukaryotes in the area.The community composition and geographical distribution of microeukaryotes collected from the surface(SUR)and deep chlorophyll maximum(DCM)layers in the southwestern Indian Ocean were studied using high-throughput sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene.The metagenomic data helped quantify the impact of environmental factors on microeukaryotic communities.The relative abundance of different taxa groups exhibited distinct patterns between SUR and DCM layers,except for the most dominant Dinoflagellata that accounted for more than 40.6%abundance in each sample.Radiolaria was much more abundant in the nutrient-rich DCM layer than the SUR layer.The community similarity of microeukaryotes decreased with increasing of geographic distance,whereas the temperature and inorganic nitrogen were the most important environmental parameters to community structure.Abundant communities were more influenced by dispersal limitations and rare communities were more responsive to environmental factors.Correlation network analyses revealed strong biotic interactions indicative of parasitism,predation and competition,and their contribution to microeukaryotic population in diverse environments.Overall,this study provided insights into the biodiversity of microeukaryotes by characterizing the differences between water layers and identifying the driving factors in the ocean.

Analysis of influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis

BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic oral disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms that corrode tooth tissue,form periodontal pockets,absorb alveolar bone,and finally lead to tooth loss.During treatment,patients are prone to anxiety,tension,and other negative emotions,which affect their ability to face the disease and may also lead to aggravation of the original condition and affect oral health.Therefore,it is important to improve the negative psychology of patients with periodontitis to clarify the factors that may lead to negative psychological emotions.AIM To investigate the risk factors that may lead to anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis.METHODS One hundred patients with periodontitis were selected between March 2022 and March 2023 at our hospital.All patients were assessed with the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)(≥53 points indicate a depressive state)and Zung Selfrating Anxiety Scale(SAS)(≥50 points indicates an anxious state).In this study,patients who experienced anxiety or depression were included in the occurrence group and those without anxiety or depression were included in the nonoccurrence group.The baseline data of the two groups were compared to explore the risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis.RESULTS A total of 100 patients with periodontitis were included in this study.According to the SDS,38 patients(38.00%)developed depression,with an average SDS score of(68.52±5.85)points.According to the SAS,40 patients(40.00%)developed anxiety,and the average SAS score was(72.15±4.15)points.In this study,56 patients with anxiety or depression were included.Compared with the nonoccurrence group,the occurrence group had higher ages(≥60 years),lower level of hope(low level),educational level(high school or below),disease perception(poor),and sleep disorder(yes).The negative coping dimension scores of the simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)and Dental Fear Scale(DFS)in the occurrence group were higher,whereas the score of the positive coping dimension of the SCSQ was significantly lower(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the other data between the groups(P>0.05).The results of multiple logistics regression analysis showed that age(≥60 years),level of hope(low level),educational level(high school or below),disease perception(poor),sleep disorder(yes),high negative coping dimension scores of SCSQ,high score of DFS,and low positive coping dimension scores of SCSQ were all factors contributing to the anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis(odds ratio>1,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Age,hope level,educational level,disease perception,sleep disorders,coping style,and dental fear were all associated with anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis.

Spatiotemporal variations,influencing factors,and configurational promotion paths of energy efficiency in China’s cities

The promotion of energy efficiency(EE)helps address energy constraints and promote environmental sustainability.This study comprehensively explores the spatiotemporal variations,influencing factors,and configuration promotion paths of EE in 284 Chinese cities during 2003‒2019 using the global super-efficiency minimum distance to strong efficient frontier(G-S-MinDS),exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA),multiscale geographically weighted regression(MGWR),and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)methods.The findings are:①China’s cities have an annual average EE of 0.658 with a growth rate of 0.53%,showing considerable promotion potential.②Industrial structure optimization,population agglomeration,economic development,and increased green coverage contribute positively,while government intervention and openness hinder China’s urban EE.③Four configurational promotion paths for enhancing China’s urban EE are identified,where among those paths population density is a core condition,while government intervention is not.This study provides valuable insights into substantially improving urban EE,emphasizing the need for targeted policies to address energy and environmental crises in China.

Analysis of anxiety and depression status and their influencing factors in patients with diabetic retinopathy

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a common complication of diabetes and the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness.It has a serious impact on the mental and physical health of patients.AIM To evaluate the anxiety and depression status of patients with DR,we examined their influencing factors.METHODS Two hundred patients with DR admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of ophthalmology and endocrinology at our hospital were selected.A questionnaire was conducted to collect general patient information.Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Sevenitem Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale,respectively.The diabetes specific quality of life scale and Social Support Rating Scale were used to assess the quality of life of patients with DR and their social support,respectively.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the correlations.RESULTS The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 26%(52/200)and 14%(28/200),respectively.Regression analysis revealed that social support was associated with depression[odds ratio(OR)=0.912,95%confidence interval(CI):0.893-0.985]and anxiety(OR=0.863,95%CI:0.672-0.994).Good quality of life(diabetes specific quality of life scale score<40)was a protective factor against anxiety(OR=0.738,95%CI:0.567-0.936)and depression(OR=0.573,95%CI:0.4566-0.784).Visual impairment significantly increased the likelihood of depression(OR=1.198,95%CI:1.143-1.324)and anxiety(OR=1.746,95%CI:1.282-2.359).Additionally,prolonged diabetes duration and history of hypertension were significant risk factors for both conditions,along with a family history of diabetes.CONCLUSION Key factors influencing anxiety and depression in patients with DR include social support,quality of life,visual impairment,duration of diabetes,family history of diabetes,and history of hypertension.

Assessing the current situation and the influencing factors affecting perceived stigma among older patients after leukemia diagnosis

BACKGROUND Psychological problems are becoming increasingly prominent among older patients with leukemia,with patients potentially facing stigmatization after diagnosis.However,there is limited research on the stigma experienced by these patients and the factors that may contribute to it.AIM To investigate the stigma faced by older patients after being diagnosed with leukemia and to analyze the potential influencing factors.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data obtained from questionnaire surveys,interviews,and the medical records of older patients with leukemia admitted to the Hengyang Medical School from June 2020 to June 2023.The data obtained included participants’basic demographic information,medical history,leukemia type,family history of leukemia,average monthly family income,pension,and tendency to conceal illness.The Chinese versions of the Social Impact Scale(SIS),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to assess indicators related to stigma,social support,and mental health status.We used Pearson’s correlation coefficient to analyze the strength and direction of the relationship between the scores of each scale,and regression analysis to explore the factors related to the stigma of older patients with leukemia after diagnosis.RESULTS Data from 120 patients with leukemia aged 65-80 years were analyzed.The total score on the SIS and PSSS was 43.60±4.07 and 37.06±2.87,respectively.The SAS score was 58.35±8.32 and the SDS score was 60.58±5.97.The stigma experienced by older leukemia patients was negatively correlated with social support(r=-0.691,P<0.05)and positively correlated with anxiety and depression(r=0.506,0.382,P<0.05).Age,education level,smoking status,average monthly family income,pension,and tendency to conceal illness were significantly associated with the participants’level of stigma(P<0.05).Age,smoking status,social support,anxiety,and depression were predictive factors of stigmatization among older leukemia patients after diagnosis(all P<0.05),with a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.644 and an adjusted R2 of 0.607.CONCLUSION Older patients commonly experience stigmatization after being diagnosed with leukemia.Factors such as age,smoking status,social support,and psychological well-being may influence older patients’reported experience of stigma.