On traceable iterated line graph and hamiltonian path index

Xiong and Liu[21]gave a characterization of the graphs G for which the n-iterated line graph L^(n)(G)is hamiltonian,for n≥2.In this paper,we study the existence of a hamiltonian path in L^(n)(G),and give a characterization of G for which L^(n)(G)has a hamiltonian path.As applications,we use this characterization to give several upper bounds on the hamiltonian path index of a graph.

A GAN-EfficientNet-Based Traceability Method for Malicious Code Variant Families

Due to the diversity and unpredictability of changes in malicious code,studying the traceability of variant families remains challenging.In this paper,we propose a GAN-EfficientNetV2-based method for tracing families of malicious code variants.This method leverages the similarity in layouts and textures between images of malicious code variants from the same source and their original family of malicious code images.The method includes a lightweight classifier and a simulator.The classifier utilizes the enhanced EfficientNetV2 to categorize malicious code images and can be easily deployed on mobile,embedded,and other devices.The simulator utilizes an enhanced generative adversarial network to simulate different variants of malicious code and generates datasets to validate the model’s performance.This process helps identify model vulnerabilities and security risks,facilitating model enhancement and development.The classifier achieves 98.61%and 97.59%accuracy on the MMCC dataset and Malevis dataset,respectively.The simulator’s generated image of malicious code variants has an FID value of 155.44 and an IS value of 1.72±0.42.The classifier’s accuracy for tracing the family of malicious code variants is as high as 90.29%,surpassing that of mainstream neural network models.This meets the current demand for high generalization and anti-obfuscation abilities in malicious code classification models due to the rapid evolution of malicious code.

Research of Blockchain Technology in the Traceability of Characteristic Agricultural Products

With the increasingly prominent problem of food safety,the quality traceability of characteristic agricultural products has become a pressing issue.This study focuses on the application of blockchain technology in the traceability of characteristic agricultural products,aiming to explore its potential and practical value in improving the efficiency and transparency of the traceability system of agricultural products.Through the combination of case analysis and model construction,a blockchain-based traceability system for characteristic agricultural products was established.The results showed that the traceability system could effectively record the whole process information of agricultural products from production and processing to sales,and greatly improve the immutability and traceability of data.Lastly,this paper also points out that the use of blockchain technology can improve the market trust in characteristic agricultural products,provide consumers with authentic and reliable product information,and provide new technical means for the quality management of agricultural products.

Application of Blockchain Sharding Technology in Chinese Medicine Traceability System

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is one of the most promising programs for disease prevention and treatment.Meanwhile,the quality of TCM has garnered much attention.To ensure the quality of TCM,many works are based on the blockchain scheme to design the traceability scheme of TCM to trace its origin.Although these schemes can ensure the integrity,sharability,credibility,and immutability of TCM more effectively,many problems are exposed with the rapid growth of TCM data in blockchains,such as expensive overhead,performance bottlenecks,and the traditional blockchain architecture is unsuitable for TCM data with dynamic growth.Motivated by the aforementioned problems,we propose a novel and lightweight TCM traceability architecture based on the blockchain using sharding(LBS-TCM).Compared to the existing blockchain-based TCM traceability system,our architecture utilizes sharding to develop a novel traceability mechanism that supports more convenient traceability operations for TCM requirements such as uploading,querying,and downloading.Specifically,our architecture consists of a leader shard blockchain layer as its main component,which employs a sharding mechanism to conveniently TCM tracing.Empirical evaluations demonstrated that our architecture showed better performance in many aspects compared to traditional blockchain architectures,such as TCM transaction processing,TCM transaction querying,TCM uploading,etc.In our architecture,tracing TCM has become a very efficient operation,which ensures the quality of TCM and provides great convenience for subsequent TCM analysis and retrospective research.

Cross-Domain Data Traceability Mechanism Based on Blockchain

With the application and development of blockchain technology,many problems faced by blockchain traceability are gradually exposed.Such as cross-chain information collaboration,data separation and storage,multisystem,multi-security domain collaboration,etc.To solve these problems,it is proposed to construct trust domains based on federated chains.The public chain is used as the authorization chain to build a cross-domain data traceability mechanism applicable to multi-domain collaboration.First,the architecture of the blockchain cross-domain model is designed.Combined with the data access strategy and the decision mechanism,the open and transparent judgment of cross-domain permission and cross-domain identity authentication is realized.And the public chain consensus node election mechanism is realized based on PageRank.Then,according to the characteristics of a nonsingle chain structure in the process of data flow,a data retrievalmechanism based on a Bloom filter is designed,and the cross-domain traceability algorithm is given.Finally,the safety and effectiveness of the traceability mechanism are verified by security evaluation and performance analysis.

Smart Contract to Traceability of Food Social Selling

Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.

Impacts of Transparency and Traceability on Fashion Supply Chain System

The level of fashion consumer awareness and communication regarding sustainable consumption is rising. Organizations are working to provide clarity and guidance on fashion consumption. Brands are experimenting with new materials and supply chain strategies, and suppliers are improving the manufacturing processes and quality of products. However, given the size and complexity of the industrial process, these efforts are not adequate in ensuring a sustainable fashion supply chain. Transparency and traceability in the fashion supply chain are needed to improve the fashion industry by supporting sustainable and ethical practices in the apparel supply chain. Key gaps include a lack of comprehensive and transparent information about how, where, and by whom materials are sourced, processed, and assembled;a lack of transparency in the supply chain practices and procedures affects the environment, working conditions, and human health. The industry has to build the capacity to manage its supply chain, more effectively and responsibly, by improving transparency and traceability as the top goals. So, in this context, the main purpose of this research paper is to study the impacts of transparency and traceability on the dimensions of sustainability in fashion supply chain. The researchers have applied descriptive research methods in which secondary data are collected and analyzed through a literature review of peer-reviewed research papers and the primary data are collected through the survey method by distributing a semi structured questionnaire. The data collected are analyzed using statistical tools and techniques. Finally, the results are discussed and presented.

ChainApparel: A Trustworthy Blockchain and IoT-Based Traceability Framework for Apparel Industry 4.0

Trustworthiness and product traceability are essential factors in the apparel industry 4.0 for establishing successful business relationships among stakeholders such as customers,manufacturers,suppliers,and consumers.Each stakeholder has implemented different technology-based systems to record and track product transactions.However,these systems work in silos,and there is no intra-system communication,leading to a lack of complete supply chain traceability for all apparel stakeholders.Moreover,apparel stakeholders are reluctant to share their business information with business competitors;thus,they involve third-party auditors to ensure the quality of the final product.Furthermore,the apparel manufacturing industry faces challenges with counterfeit products,making it difficult for consumers to determine the authenticity of the products.Therefore,in this paper,a trustworthy apparel product traceability framework called ChainApparel is developed using the Internet of Things(IoT)and blockchain to address these challenges of authenticity and traceability of apparel products.Specifically,multiple smart contracts are designed and developed for registration,process execution,audit,fault,and product traceability to authorize,validate,and trace every business transaction among the apparel stakeholders.Further,the real-time performance analysis of ChainApparel is carried out regarding transaction throughput and latency by deploying the compute nodes at different geographical locations using Hyperledger Fabric.The results conclude that ChainApparel accomplished significant performance under diverse workloads while ensuring complete traceability along the complex supply chain of the apparel industry.Thus,the ChainApparel framework helps make the apparel product more trustworthy and transparent in the market while safeguarding trust among the industry stakeholders.

Traceability Technology of DC Electric Energy Metering for On-Site Inspection of Chargers

The on-site inspection of high-power DC chargers results in new DC high-current measurement and DC energy traceability system requirements.This paper studies the traceability technology of electric energy value for automotive high-power DC chargers,including:(1)the traceability method of the built-in DC energy meter and shunt of the charger;(2)precision DC high current and small precision DC voltage output and measurement technology.This paper designs a 0.1 mA∼600 A DC high current measurement system and proposes a 0.005 level DC powermeasurement traceability system.The uncertainty evaluation experiment of theDC powermeasurement calibration system and the high-power DC charger’s on-site calibration experiment results verify the method’s effectiveness and feasibility in this paper.The experimental results show that the combined standard uncertainty of the DC power metering verification system can be 0.0451%.

Research on Welding Quality Traceability Model of Offshore Platform Block Construction Process

Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platform and the process level of the offshore industry.Currently,qualitymanagement remains in the era of primary information,and there is a lack of effective tracking and recording of welding quality data.When welding defects are encountered,it is difficult to rapidly and accurately determine the root cause of the problem from various complexities and scattered quality data.In this paper,a composite welding quality traceability model for offshore platform block construction process is proposed,it contains the quality early-warning method based on long short-term memory and quality data backtracking query optimization algorithm.By fulfilling the training of the early-warning model and the implementation of the query optimization algorithm,the quality traceability model has the ability to assist enterprises in realizing the rapid identification and positioning of quality problems.Furthermore,the model and the quality traceability algorithm are checked by cases in actual working conditions.Verification analyses suggest that the proposed early-warningmodel for welding quality and the algorithmfor optimizing backtracking requests are effective and can be applied to the actual construction process.

Analysis on Classified Storage and Traceability of Construction Project Archives

With the development and progress of economic construction and market economy,urban construction is also developing rapidly.In the field of construction engineering,a large number of construction engineering files are constantly being produced and accumulated.Therefore,the role of file management is becoming more and more important.The archives are the true records of the whole process of project construction,including the information on the whole process from project design to completion,and are also the main basis for operation management after project delivery.However,there are many aspects to construction project archives,and there are many problems.Nowadays,the classification and preservation of archives are receiving more and more attention.In this article,the origin and development history of construction project archives is first expounded,and its attributes and importance are analyzed.Secondly,the differences between ancient and modern archives management are compared,and at the same time suggestions on improving the archives’traceability system,strengthening the use of archives,and establishing and improving archives management are given.In this paper,we summarize the problems in archives sorting and put forward specific solutions to improve the standardization and systematic management of archives work and enhance the authenticity and integrity of construction project archives.

论预制菜的安全追溯体系

预制菜行业发展迅速,但与之配套的安全追溯体系却未能及时建立。实践中,预制菜的安全追溯体系面临着主体分工不明确,追溯范围不清晰以及识别技术不统一等问题。为了预制菜行业的可持续发展,实现预制菜去向可追、来源可查、责任可定,有必要建立起预制菜的安全追溯体系。分析了预制菜行业的食品安全问题,总结了现行食品安全追溯体系的现状与不足,并提出了完善预制菜安全追溯体系的路径,指出应在食品安全法律规范的基础上,明确预制菜安全追溯体系的追溯主体、追溯范围和识别技术,以期推动预制菜行业健康发展,使预制菜吃得放心,用得安心。

胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品的建立及溯源性研究

目的:对胱抑素C进行量值溯源性研究,研制胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品,建立用于胱抑素C检测试剂盒准确度评价的质量评价标准,提升检验检测水平。方法:以人血清样本为原料进行无菌分装、制备胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品,采用多实验室联合赋值的方法对胱抑素C国家标准品候选品进行赋值、标定,建立可溯源至国际标准物质ERM-DA471/IFCC的溯源链,并采用免疫比浊的方法对其均匀性、稳定性进行验证。结果:建立了包含2个水平量值的胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品,水平1为(0.94±0.03)mg·L^(-1)(k=2),水平2为(3.52±0.09)mg·L^(-1)(k=2)。该国家标准品均匀性和稳定性良好。30天短期稳定性研究结果显示,室温条件下,国家标准品(水平1和水平2)可稳定5天;2~8℃条件下,水平1可稳定10天,水平2可稳定20天;-20℃条件下,水平1和水平2均至少可稳定30天。溯源准确性采用血清参考盘和临床血清样本进行验证,研究结果显示,该国家标准品和国际标准品ERM-DA471/IFCC具有良好的溯源性。结论:通过对胱抑素C进行量值溯源性研究,研制出胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品(360046-202001),并获得批准向社会提供,可用于人血清中胱抑素C检测试剂盒正确度评价及临床实验室检测系统量值准确性评价。

金属钼中氧元素系列标准样品定值过程中量值溯源性探究

以惰气熔融红外吸收法作为基础,采用重铬酸钾基准试剂作为校正点对金属钼中氧含量进行测定,解决了金属钼中氧元素系列标准样品定值过程中量值溯源性难题。量值溯源性比对实验结果在扩展不确定度范围内,精密度RSD小于10%,加标回收率在90%~110%。

面向车联网通勤的双阶段认证密钥协商协议

针对通勤车辆在车联网中向路边单元(RSU)获取服务的安全与效率问题,提出了一种双阶段的认证密钥协商协议。在初始认证阶段,利用车辆、RSU和可信机构(TA)间协商的3个独立会话密钥,保障2个实体间传输的隐私不被第三方实体窃取。在快速认证阶段,车辆和RSU间利用车辆旅行时间表高效地完成相互认证。协议支持车辆匿名与匿名追溯,且能防止通勤路线等隐私泄露。此外,通过随机预言机证明了协议的安全性。仿真结果表明,在典型通勤场景下,所提方案比同类方案降低了59.35%的计算开销和44.21%的通信开销。

融合威胁情报与知识图谱的网络攻击溯源方法

[研究目的]攻击溯源是网络空间安全保障的重要组成部分,面对网络空间数据海量、异质多元、结构松散等特点,亟需大数据分析与人工智能相结合,有效识别敌手攻击威胁,溯源攻击链和背后的攻击组织,并实施针对性防御。[研究方法]针对攻击威胁特征识别难的问题,提出了知识图谱驱动的网络攻击溯源方法,以脆弱性利用动作为核心构建攻击事件框架,并以事件为单位实施告警关联,重构攻击场景。在此基础上,利用威胁指纹知识图谱,整合已公开的威胁情报知识,并抽取攻击场景中的威胁特征作为指纹,分析两者相似性,溯源攻击者。[研究结论]实验结果表明,该方法能够利用攻击事件框架充实攻击行为的上下文信息,并基于知识图谱有效溯源攻击者,从而利用攻击者已有的威胁情报,增强高级可持续攻击威胁特征识别的全面性。

基于文献计量学分析的全球食品追溯研究进展

食品追溯是确保食品质量与安全的重要手段,本文对2001—2022年科学引文索引数据库收录的食品追溯论文进行计量分析和可视化呈现,以便为国内食品追溯的进一步研究和开发提供参考。结果发现:全球共有80个国家/地区、1 136个研究机构、3 020名作者、255种期刊开展了食品追溯研究,跨国家/地区合作、多学科交叉融合频繁;中国、意大利、美国、西班牙、荷兰等表现出较大的研究体量与较强的合作关系,意大利、美国、荷兰、西班牙食品追溯研究的总体质量较高,研究领域集中在食品科学技术、化学、农业、工程学上,在计算机科学、生态学与环境学、饮食与营养学领域也有较多研究成果。研究热点有食品质量与安全、食品供应链管理、原产地、追溯技术、食品鉴别与认证、支付意愿等。未来学术前沿将围绕基于工业4.0的智能食品追溯系统、以全基因组学和下一代测序技术为代表的食品真实性检测鉴别技术以及食品追溯系统主体参与动力、利益博弈和溢价支付的机制3个方面展开。

基于无机元素指纹分析的桔梗产地溯源

为比较四川梓潼(SCZT)、云南玉龙(YNYL)、安徽太和(AHTH)、湖北英山(HBYS)、河南桐柏(HNTB)无机元素含量差异,结合计量学方法,探讨桔梗产地溯源应用的可行性,为桔梗产地溯源提供新方法。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定四川、云南、安徽、湖北、河南5个主产区共75份桔梗样品中K、P、Fe、Mn、B等37种元素的含量,通过主成分分析对5大产区桔梗进行聚类,运用KNN、Bayes、SVM-ga、BP-NN、LS-SVM、SVM-grid算法,建立桔梗产地溯源模型。结果表明:五大产区桔梗中无机元素含量差异显著(P<0.05),其中Sb、Sn、Ge、Nb、Ag 5种元素,在不同产区间差异最为明显;由主成分分析发现不同产地桔梗样品分布集中且相对独立,SVM-grid桔梗溯源模型能够100%将五大产区桔梗进行区分;Sb、Sn、Ge、Nb、Ag 5种元素含量分布具有明显的地域特征。以无机元素结合计量学方法可以对桔梗进行有效的产区判别,且准确率高,是产地溯源的有效方法。

高温蒸汽凝结法相对湿度测量

为实现露点温度100℃以上高温压力蒸汽相对湿度的精确测量,设计了以凝结称重装置、不凝气体含湿量测量装置、数据处理系统为核心部件的凝结法相对湿度测量系统。测量系统依据蒸汽相对湿度与含湿量对应关系,采用蒸汽快速凝结,实时监测冷凝液质量与不凝气流含湿量的方式实现了目标蒸汽所处温度、压力条件下相对湿度的在线测量。凝结法测量工艺能实现露点温度-40℃~130℃条件下气体相对湿度0.15%~100%范围内的有效测量。在露点温度128℃、相对湿度95%条件下,测量不确定度0.59%,测量偏差小于0.4%,具有测量精度高、测量速率快的特点。该系统能开展瞬态条件下蒸汽相对湿度测量,湿度测量值能溯源到国际单位制基本单位。

基于RFID技术的医疗器械信息化追溯系统

为了增强医疗器械系统的整体追溯性能,设计了基于RFID技术的医疗器械信息化追溯系统。在医疗器械信息化追溯系统整体架构下,设计系统硬件部分,包括读写器管理模块、基于RFID技术的数据采集及传输模块、追溯数据处理模块、追溯数据管理模块等,通过上述模块完成对医疗器械信息追溯数据的采集、传输、处理、调用及管理;系统的软件部分,在生产、流通、责任等3个追溯环节下,通过LANDMARC算法和VIRE算法对医疗器械信息追溯,获取追溯标签的最终位置坐标。通过系统CPU内存占用率测试、存储时间测试和追溯效率测试验证了该系统的有效性。