Enhancing Identity Protection in Metaverse-Based Psychological Counseling System

Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.

Community Needs Assessment for a Professional University Health Counselling Course in Cambodia

Developing health and counselling professionals remains an important part of supporting mental health services in Cambodia.This paper aims to identify how the key stakeholders and mental health experts in Cambodia consider how a university level health counselling course could contribute to addressing the needs/treatment gap for mental health services in Cambodia.In order to do this,the study consists of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders,community needs assessment,and community resource mapping.The data were drawn from 15 NGOs,various profit and not-for-profit organizations as well as two key government stakeholders.The participants were invited to take part in a stakeholders/expert semi-structured interview that lasted between 30-60 minutes at the participants’organizations.The findings revealed that all participants believe that a university level health counseling course was crucial in Cambodia to address pressing mental health issues in the country.Most participants believed that a graduate or post-graduate level program such as a B.A.or M.A.was necessary to train qualified counsellors.The program should be internationally benchmarked,with a Cambodian context.Topics should include psychopathology,professional ethics and competencies,counselling theories and interventions,trauma treatment,as well as emotional intelligence and addiction.Other topics might need to include parenting,support system for suicidal patients,self-care,staff wellbeing programs,and school counselor programs.

Family counseling of dental and oral care for preventing caries of dental during preschool age: a literature review

Incorrect family behavior in caring for the dental and oral health of preschool-aged children can affect the incidence of dental caries in these children and can cause more serious health problems in the future if not treated immediately,so it is important to find the right solution.This study aims to determine the effect of family counseling on dental and oral care for preschoolers.This study uses a narrative literature review method.Search articles using 5 databases(Pubmed,ScienceDirect,SpringerLink,ProQuest,and Google Scholar)to search for articles with the keywords family counseling AND Oral health AND Early Childhood Caries AND Behavior Change AND Family and the article selection process refers to the Flow diagram of the PRISMA Statement 2020.The results showed that there were 7 articles analyzed in this study.The implementation of family counseling has a significant effect in increasing self-efficacy,knowledge,ability,and motivation of the family,as well as the behavior of the child,to reduce the risk of dental caries in preschool-age children,taking into account several conditions.It was determined that family counseling is effective in reducing the incidence of dental caries in preschool children.

A Study on the Impact of Psychological Counseling for Minor Medical Students in Clinical Teaching and Learning

Objective:To explore the impact of psychological counseling for underage medical students in clinical teaching.Methods:24 of the 48 underage medical students who were interned in our hospital from March 2023 to February 2024 were randomly selected to adopt the teaching management method of one-on-one psychological guidance as the observation group;the remaining 24 adopted the traditional teaching management method as the control group.The observation of the effects of psychological detachment on various aspects of underage medical students allows the determination of whether psychological detachment impacts clinical teaching.Results:The observation group’s theoretical examination scores,skill assessment scores,and departmental performance evaluation scale score excellence rate were higher than the control group’s,with P<0.05 being statistically significant.At the same time,the clinical teaching and teaching management ability of the hospital was also improved.Conclusion:Psychological guidance for underage medical students can not only improve the comprehensive quality of medical students but also improve the teaching level,which is conducive to improving the teaching effect,and it is a clinical teaching mode worth promoting.

Utility of a Relatively Affordable In-House HIV-1 Genotyping Assay for Drug Resistance Testing among Non B HIV-1 Infected Drug Naive Patients in Nigeria

Background: The introduction of antiretroviral (ARV) in resource-limited settings has increased life expectancy among non-B HIV-1 infected individuals. We used a validated In-house genotyping assay to characterize non-B HIV-1 and to determine drug resistance mutations among treatment-naive patients. Methods: Plasma samples from 105 HIV-1 infected drug-naive adult patients attending a tertiary hospital Jos, Nigeria were subjected to HIV-1 RNA extraction, reverse transcription amplification, and population-based sequencing of the partial pol gene on the ABI 3130xl genetic analyzer. Subtyping and phylogenetic analyses were performed by REGA Subtyping Tool v2.0 and MEGA v5.0 respectively. Drug resistance profiles were evaluated according to IAS-USA 2013 drug resistance mutations list. Result: One hundred samples (95.2%) were successfully genotyped. The distribution of the non-B HIV-1 subtypes were;CRF02_AG-48%, G-41.0%, CRF06_cpx-6.0%, and A-5.0%. Ten percent of the isolates had at least one major drug resistance mutation in the pol gene. The drug-class specific resistance prevalences were 6.0% for NRTIs;M41L-1.0%, K65KR-1.0%, M184IM-1.0%, M184V-2.0%, and T215ADNT-1%, 8.0% for NNRTIs;K103N-2%, 1.0% for K101E, E138A, G190A, P225HP, Y181I, Y188L, Y181C including protease inhibitors’ Q58E (1.0%). Conclusion: HIV-1 was heterogeneously distributed;CRF02_AG and G predominate and some known major mutations associated with NRTIs and NNRTIs were determined. The In-house assay is suitable for both characterization of non-B HIV-1 subtypes and detection of drug resistance at a significant lower cost than available commercial genotyping assays. This finding underscores the need to consider use of low-cost In-house genotyping assay as an alternative in resource-limited settings with non-B HIV-1 epidemic.

Classification of osteogenesis imperfecta:Importance for prophylaxis and genetic counseling

Osteogenesis imperfecta(OI)is a genetically heterogeneous monogenic disease characterized by decreased bone mass,bone fragility,and recurrent fractures.The phenotypic spectrum varies considerably ranging from prenatal fractures with lethal outcomes to mild forms with few fractures and normal stature.The basic mechanism is a collagen-related defect,not only in synthesis but also in folding,processing,bone mineralization,or osteoblast function.In recent years,great progress has been made in identifying new genes and molecular mechanisms underlying OI.In this context,the classification of OI has been revised several times and different types are used.The Sillence classification,based on clinical and radiological characteristics,is currently used as a grading of clinical severity.Based on the metabolic pathway,the functional classification allows identifying regulatory elements and targeting specific therapeutic approaches.Genetic classification has the advantage of identifying the inheritance pattern,an essential element for genetic counseling and prophylaxis.Although genotype-phenotype correlations may sometimes be challenging,genetic diagnosis allows a personalized management strategy,accurate family planning,and pregnancy management decisions including options for mode of delivery,or early antenatal OI treatment.Future research on molecular pathways and pathogenic variants involved could lead to the development of genotype-based therapeutic approaches.This narrative review summarizes our current understanding of genes,molecular mechanisms involved in OI,classifications,and their utility in prophylaxis.

A Review of Grief Counselling Practices for Family Members of Oncology Patients in Hospice Care

In cancer patients, especially terminal patients, the family members of the patients will develop more serious sadness and find it difficult to face death rationally, which affects the quality of life and activities. Because of this, in the clinical treatment of oncology patients, strengthening hospice care for family members, doing a good job of death education, assisting them to face and participate in the clinical treatment of oncology in a positive way, and avoiding excessive grief can simultaneously improve the quality of life of patients and their families.

An in-house show was held to mark KARL MAYER's 80th anniversary in Changzhou

The global market leader and trendsetter in the production of warp knitting and warp preparation machines,KARL MAYER,is celebrating its 80th anniversary in 2017,and is marking this milestone by holding a series of special events with in-house shows held at its different subsidiaries.

HIV Counseling and Testing Uptake,Knowledge and Attitude and Influencing Factors among Student Nurses and Midwives in The Gambia:An Institutional-based Cross-sectional Study

HIV counseling and testing(HCT)has become paramount in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS worldwide.However,the uptake of HCT has been very slow globally,especially in sub-Saharan Africa.Student nurses formed the largest group undergoing health care training in the country compared to doctors and other health cadres.According to WHO,they are part of the most vulnerable group to HIV infection,judging by the fact that they interact more with patients/clients than other healthcare professionals.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HCT uptake,knowledge,and attitude and evaluate influencing factors among student nurses and midwives in public nursing schools.An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 305 randomly selected nursing students and midwives using a validated and reliable self-administered questionnaire.Descriptive statistics(percentages,mean and standard deviation)and inferential statistics(chi square,logistics regression,one-way ANOVA and independent samples t-test)were used for data analysis using SPSS version 25.0.A p-value<0.05 was considered for statistical significance.Out of the 305 students recruited for the study,60.98%were females,with a mean age of 25.5 years old.About 58.4%of the participants had tested for HIV in the past.About 95.7%acknowledged the importance of HCT in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS.HCT uptake among student nurses and midwives was influenced by factors ranging from an individual that are interpersonal challenges(such as concerns of friends),perceived susceptibility to the disease,lack of confidentiality,stigma and discrimination from health service providers.Therefore,these barriers can be addressed through an organized targeted health education intervention and advocacy programs across health training institutions in the Gambia and beyond.

等臂双着丝粒Y染色体胎儿的产前诊断、遗传咨询与随访

目的分析5例等臂双着丝粒Y染色体[idic(Y)]胎儿的产前诊断、遗传咨询与随访结果,为idic(Y)胎儿的临床处理提供参考依据。方法选择2018年1月至2022年8月7347例有产前诊断指征的孕妇,采用常规G显带核型及染色体微阵列分析(CMA)技术检测胎儿羊水,并用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术验证,亲代染色体核型溯源检测。遗传咨询后跟踪随访妊娠结局。结果共诊断新发的idic(Y)胎儿5例,其中例1胎儿为单纯的idic(Yq),例2~5均为idic(Yq)与X单体的嵌合体。产前超声提示5例胎儿均为男性,除例1胎儿伴双侧马蹄内翻足可能外,其余4例均未见明显结构畸形。结合超声结果并予以个性化咨询后,例1~2选择继续妊娠,例3~5均终止妊娠。随访例1患儿至4周岁,足内翻手术效果良好,轻度发育迟缓经康复训练后好转;随访例2患儿至2周岁,暂未见异常表型;例3已再次受孕并分娩1名健康女婴;例4~5仍在备孕中。结论细胞与分子遗传学技术的联合应用有助于产前诊断idic(Y)胎儿,合理的遗传咨询及长期随访可为其后续的临床诊疗提供重要依据。

SFBC联合TOT对急性脑卒中后偏瘫患者肢体功能康复及ADL能力的影响

目的探究焦点解决短期咨询(SFBC)联合任务导向性训练(TOT)对急性脑卒中后偏瘫患者肢体功能康复及日常生活活动(ADL)能力的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月于潜江市中心医院康复医学科收治的101例急性脑卒中后偏瘫患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为观察组(51例)和对照组(50例)。对照组采用常规TOT训练方法,观察组采用SFBC联合TOT训练方法。比较两组患者心理状况[焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表(FMA)及Barthel指数(BI)。结果干预前两组心理状况、FMA评分及BI评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预2个月后观察组SAS、SDS评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),上肢运动功能量表(FMA-UE)、下肢运动功能量表(FMA-LE)、BI评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论SFBC联合TOT的康复治疗训练可以改善急性脑卒中后偏瘫患者心理状况,提高患者肢体康复功能及ADL能力。

心理咨询保密豁免规则的立法构建

《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》首次对心理咨询人员的保密义务做出原则性规定,与《中华人民共和国民法典》等法律规范形成了框架,但实践要求下保密豁免情形尚未形成系统性规则。基于隐私权保护和专业信任关系,探讨心理咨询保密义务的来源,提出遵循来访者对隐私的自我决定和“权益位阶理论”下保密豁免的正当性。明确心理咨询人员在涉及公共安全等利益时负有配合调查义务,面临自然人生命健康可能遭受非法侵害时的预警和保护义务以及针对未成年人和成年心智障碍者的强制报告义务,以期促进保障隐私权益和周全更优位利益的平衡。

产前序贯性筛查遗传性耳聋基因携带者的临床意义分析

目的分析产前序贯性筛查遗传性耳聋基因携带者的临床意义。方法选择2022年5月至12月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院进行遗传性耳聋基因突变位点筛查的孕妇9391例,采用微流控芯片法检测遗传性耳聋基因,分析其在孕妇人群中的携带率。对检出GJB2基因和SLC26A4基因变异的孕妇配偶采用靶向高通量测序进行相同致病基因筛查,当夫妻双方均检出同一基因致病变异时建议对胎儿进行致病基因的产前诊断。对于检出GJB3基因变异孕妇,建议其进行听力学评估和遗传咨询及随访。对检出线粒体12S rRNA基因变异孕妇进行遗传咨询及用药指导。结果9391例孕妇中检出遗传性耳聋基因突变携带者1002例,携带率为10.67%;GJB2、SLC26A4、GJB3及线粒体12S rRNA突变的携带率分别为7.93%、1.99%、0.28%和0.15%。突变经Sanger测序验证,符合率达99.80%。293例GJB2基因或SLC26A4基因突变携带者的配偶进行了序贯性筛查,其中4对夫妇双方检出携带相同基因上的致病突变位点,经羊水细胞测序,1例为GJB2 c.235 del C纯合突变,1例为SLC26A4 c.919-2 A>G纯合突变,其余2例均为杂合突变。结论产前序贯性筛查耳聋基因携带者不仅可以筛查遗传性耳聋基因突变的携带者,还可以发现药物性耳聋敏感性个体,从而实现耳聋胎儿早期诊断、早期干预和及时预警。

照片艺术治疗在高职大学生自我意识完善与发展中的应用研究

目的:以高职大学生为对象,以照片艺术治疗活动为介质,探讨其对促进高职大学生自我意识完善与发展的影响。方法:实验时间分为两个阶段,分别是:2022年3月至6月和2023年3月至6月,通过发布招募信息,学生主动报名,采取随机分组的方式分为实验组(20人)和控制组(20人)。主要观察指标为:自我接纳问卷、自尊量表、自我调控能力问卷、自我认同量表、田纳西自我概念量表。实验组接受8次照片艺术治疗团体心理辅导;控制组不接受任何实验处理。结果:实验组成员经过照片艺术治疗团体心理辅导后其自我意识发生了显著的提升(p<0.05),相较于控制组也呈现出显著性差异(p<0.05)。此外,四周后的追踪结果显示照片艺术治疗团体辅导对学生自我意识的完善与发展方面仍具有持续作用(p<0.05),但这取决于学生通过团体辅导对照片治疗的理念和方法内化于心、外化于行的效果。结论:照片艺术治疗是促进高职大学生自我意识完善与发展的有效途径。

我院药学门诊运行情况分析探讨

目的 分析重庆市合川区中医院药学门诊设立半年来的运行情况,提高药学服务水平,促进合理用药。方法 收集药学门诊进行用药咨询的146例患者的临床资料,归纳整理和分析咨询患者性别、年龄分布情况,咨询药物类别,咨询问题类型,咨询患者满意度。结果 从咨询患者性别分布来看,女性患者居多,共有91例,占62.33%;男性患者55例,占37.67%。从咨询患者年龄分布看,排序靠前的年龄段依次是50~69岁和≥70岁的患者。咨询药物品种共计239种,以心血管系统药物、消化及代谢系统药物、呼吸系统药物为主,咨询中药饮片和中成药的患者也较多。从咨询问题类型来看,排名靠前的分别为药物用法用量、注意事项、特殊人群用药、不良反应以及中药饮片的服药方法和煎煮方法等。在146例患者中,142例(97.26%)患者表示满意,4例(2.74%)患者表示不满意。结论 药学门诊在提高临床合理用药水平、确保患者安全用药方面发挥重要作用。

甘肃地区育龄夫妇基因扩展性携带者筛查研究

目的:探讨甘肃地区育龄夫妇单基因遗传病携带情况,为对高危家庭进行遗传咨询与产前诊断提供依据。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月—2023年12月在甘肃省妇幼保健院就诊的887对育龄夫妇,采用目标区域捕获二代测序技术进行100种单基因隐性遗传病扩展性携带者筛查(expanded carrier screening,ECS)。有3个家系的母亲于妊娠18~21周抽取羊水15 mL进行产前基因诊断。结果:在887对育龄夫妇中检出31对高风险夫妇,其中25对常染色体隐性遗传病高风险夫妇,6对X连锁隐性遗传病高风险夫妇。在1774人(887对夫妻)中,678人为常染色体隐性遗传病携带者。高风险夫妇中GJB2基因携带率最高,其次为PAH基因与CFTR基因。有3对高风险夫妇妊娠期进行了产前诊断,1对夫妇因胎儿为囊性纤维化患儿选择了终止妊娠;另两对夫妇分别因胎儿为携带者和野生型表型选择继续妊娠,2例生后新生儿表型均正常。结论:育龄夫妇进行ECS有助于实施精准的产前诊断及生育指导,对降低出生缺陷有重要意义。

基于积极心理学构建妊娠期女性团体心理辅导方案

目的:构建基于积极心理学的妊娠期女性团体心理辅导方案,为保障妊娠期女性心理健康措施制定提供参考。方法:以积极心理学理论为指导,结合文献检索和半结构式访谈结果,拟定基于积极心理学的妊娠期女性团体心理辅导方案初稿。于2021年8月—12月选取15名专家进行2轮德尔菲专家函询,制定基于积极心理学的妊娠期女性团体心理辅导方案。结果:2轮专家函询问卷回收率均为100%;专家权威系数为0.840;第1轮专家函询一级条目、二级条目、三级条目重要性的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.215,0.546,0.262,第2轮专家函询一级条目、二级条目、三级条目重要性的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.232,0.562,0.617(P<0.01)。最终形成的基于积极心理学的妊娠期女性团体心理辅导方案包括3个一级条目、13个二级条目、44个三级条目。结论:基于积极心理学的妊娠期女性团体心理辅导方案构建过程科学,内容具有必要性和可行性,可以为制定保障妊娠期女性心理健康的管理和干预措施提供依据和参考。

积极心理干预对中学生创伤后成长的影响

对经历过重大校园危机事件的中学生开展积极心理干预团体辅导干预的实验研究,结果表明,实施积极心理干预能够提高中学生创伤后成长水平,传统心理干预中蕴含着积极趋向与积极价值,可以在一定程度上提高中学生创伤后成长水平。为提高中学生的心理健康水平,学校要重视学生心理健康教育,坚持积极心理干预与传统心理干预相结合,并推广以班级为单位的积极心理干预团体辅导活动。

心理疏导模式对脑胶质瘤手术患者不良情绪和生活质量的影响

目的探讨多学科合作(MDT)联合心理疏导模式对脑胶质瘤(GC)手术患者不良情绪和生活质量的影响。方法将96例行手术治疗的GC患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,各48例。对照组患者给予MDT干预,研究组患者给予心理疏导模式联合MDT干预,干预1个月。比较干预前后两组患者视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)、生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)评分,并统计两组患者并发症发生率。结果干预后,两组患者VAS、SAS、SDS评分均较干预前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后,两组患者ESCA及GQOLI-74各维度评分均较干预前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组患者并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论心理疏导模式联合MDT应用于GC手术患者中,能减轻患者机体疼痛,改善患者不良情绪,提升其自护能力,减少院内感染、颅内出血等并发症的发生。

心理咨询与治疗理论流派的标准和框架

可用于心理咨询和治疗的方法良多,但大多来源于西方,以中国文化为基础的本土心理咨询和治疗理论流派尚在探索中。文章探讨心理咨询与治疗理论流派的的标准与框架,以期为属于中国的心理咨询与治疗理论流派的产生与发展提供参考。