CFD Investigation of the Influence of Volute Geometrical Variations on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Circulator Pump

Improper design of volute geometry can be the main cause that leads to unsteady pressure pulsation and radial force in pumps. Therefore, it is important to understand the influence of volute geometrical parameters on hydrodynamic characteristics of pump and the mechanism. However, the existing studies are limited to investigate the influence of only one or two volute geometrical parameters each time, and a systematic study of the influence of the combinations of different volute geometrical parameters on the pump＇s hydrodynamic characteristics is missing. In this paper, a study on the understanding of the influence of volute geometrical variations on hydrodynamic characteristics of a high speed circulator pump by using computational fluid dynamics（CFD） technology is presented. Five main volute geometrical parameters D3, A8, a0, j0 and Rt are selected and 25 different volute configurations are generated by using design of experiments（DOE） method. The 3D unsteady flow numerical simulations, which are based on the SST k-w turbulence model and sliding mesh technique provided by CFX, are executed on the 25 different volute configurations. The hydraulic performance, pressure pulsation and unsteady radial force inside the pump at design condition are obtained and analyzed. It has been found that volute geometrical parameters D3 and A8 are major influence factors on hydrodynamic characteristics of the pump, while a0, j0 and Rt are minor influence factors. The minimum contribution from both D3 and A8 is 58% on head, and maximum contribution from both D3 and A8 is 90% on pressure pulsation. Regarding the pressure pulsation intensity, two peaks can be found. One is in the tongue area and the other is in the diffusor area. The contributions are around 60% from tongue and 25% from diffusor, respectively. The amplitude of pressure pulsation has a quadratic polynomial functional relationship with respect to D3/D2 and A8/A（10）, and fluctuating level of radial force has a quadratic polynomial functional relationship with respect to D3/D2. While for the other volute parameters a0, j0 and Rt, no special function has been found related to pressure pulsation and radial force. The presented work could be a useful guideline in engineering practice when designing a circulator pump with low hydrodynamic force.

Pressure fluctuation and its influencing factors in circulating water pump

In order to investigate the effect of sampling frequency and time on pressure fluctuations, the three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations were conducted in a circulating water pump. Through comparison of turbulence models with hydraulic performance experiment, SST k-co model was confirmed to study the rational determination of sampling frequency and time better. The Fast Fourier Transform （FFT） technology was then adopted to process those fluctuating pressure signals obtained. On these bases, the characteristics of pressure fluctuations acting on the tongue were discussed. It is found that aliasing errors decrease at higher sampling frequency of 17 640 Hz, but not at a lower sampling frequency of 1 764 Hz. Correspondingly, an output frequency range ten-times wider is obtained at 17 640 Hz. Compared with 8R, when the sampling time is shorter, the amplitudes may be overvalued, and the frequencies and amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations can not be well predicted. The frequencies at the tongue are in good agreement with the values calculated by formula and the frequency compositions less than the blade passing frequency are accurately predicted.

Cross influence of discharge and circulation on head loss of conduit of pump system with low head

The relationship between the head loss and the discharge and circulation of the conduit of a pump system with low head is an important problem with an obvious influence on the improvement of its hydraulic performance. The velocity circulation from the pump guide vane makes the relationship more complicated, which has to be understood comprehensively. The results indicate that, under the condition of zero circulation, the head loss of the inlet and outlet conduits is in proportion to the square of discharge. Under the condition that the Reynolds number is satisfied with the resistant square area, the conduit loss is in proportion to the square of discharge for the similar working points with different speeds in a certain rotational speed range, indicating that the pump system efficiency is constant. The outlet conduit loss of design discharge for a pump system with low head depends on the velocity circulation from the guide vane exit, and the relationship between the loss and the circulation is an open curve with an upward direction, meaning that there is an optimal circulation for the loss. Under the condition of various working points for a pump system with low head, the head loss of the outlet conduit is under the cross influence of both the discharge and the circulation. As a result, the relationship between the head loss and the discharge is almost linear, and the mechanism needs to be further studied.

On measures to improveeffectiveness of pump suc-tionreverse circulation drillin,

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Main coolant pump resistance influence on single phase water reverse flow in the inverted U-tubes under natural circulation

Based on nuclear power plant(NPP) best-estimate transient analysis with RELAP5 / MOD3 code,the reactor point kinetics model in RELAP5 / MOD3 code is replaced by the two-group,3-D space and time dependent neutron kinetic model,and two-fluid model is replaced by drift flux model.A coupled three-dimensional physics and thermal-hydrodynamics model is used to develop its corresponding computing code,thus simulating natural circulation of single-phase flow for the PWR.In this paper,we report the forward and reverse flow distribution in the inverted U-tubes of the steam generator(SG) under some typical operating conditions in the natural circulation case, and analyze the influence of main coolant pump resistance on the forward and reverse flow distribution.The calculation results show that,the pressure drop between SG inlet and outlet plenum decreases,and the SG inlet and outlet mass flow decrease with an increased main coolant pump resistance,but net mass flux of reverse flow in inverted U-tubes,and the ratio of mass flow in all reverse flow tubes to that of main coolant pipeline increase, meanwhile,the secondary steam load is invariable in this process.

A Numerical Study on the Responses of Wave-Driven Circulation to Varying Incident Wave Forcing and Reef Morphology in A Reef-Lagoon-Channel System

Wave-driven circulation in a reef-lagoon-channel system has significant ecological,geomorphological,and environmental implications.However,there is still research gap in fully understanding the responses of wave-driven circulation in the system to varying incident wave forcing and reef morphology.To better interpret the wave-current process inside an idealized reef-lagoon-channel configuration,a numerical model based on the horizontally two-dimensional(2DH)fully nonlinear Boussinesq equations is presented in this study.The adopted model is firstly validated by a published laboratory dataset for wave height,wave setup and mean current in the system.Subsequently,the impacts of wave forcing(incident wave height,incident wave period,reef-flat wave level)and reef morphological(fore-reef slope,cross-shore reef-flat width,channel width,reef roughness)factors that are not fully considered in the previous laboratory studies are reported through the numerical simulations in this study.Finally,the model is applied to analyze the wave pump efficiency parameter in the system,and an empirical equation to predict this parameter is also proposed.

多相流阻垢热泵蒸发系统特性研究

为验证多相流热泵蒸发系统的在线阻垢及强化换热性能,以蒸氨废液为液相工质、氧化铝及聚甲醛粒子为阻垢颗粒进行实验研究。结果表明,氧化铝颗粒的加入可有效去除蒸发器已有垢层,换热系数由结垢后的392.5 W/(m^(2)·K)提升至1 712.2 W/(m^(2)·K),且连续运行130 h换热系数未降低;蒸发器换热系数受颗粒物性参数影响较大,随着颗粒直径、密度、体积分率增加换热系数逐渐增大,但增加过量时导致流动不畅,换热系数降低;颗粒自身材质导热系数越高强化换热效果越好;循环流量、颗粒分布形式对换热系数也有较大影响,提高循环流量有助于强化换热;不同分布形式在一定程度上均可提高换热系数,双层多孔分布器可实现颗粒逐级输运,增加其进入换热管比例,强化换热效果最佳。

基于多维振动特征图谱的特高压换流阀主循环泵轻量化故障诊断模型

针对特高压换流阀阀冷系统中主循环泵故障特征提取难和故障诊断模型规模大的问题,提出一种基于多维振动特征图谱的轻量化主循环泵故障诊断模型。首先,基于振动轨迹图像(vibration locus image,VLI)和伪颜色编码的时域特征提取方法,构建主循环泵的时域特征图谱。其次,融合马尔科夫变迁场(Markov transition fields,MTF)和小波包变换(wavelet packet transform,WPT),全尺度提取振动信号的低频和高频故障特征,构建主循环泵的频域、时频域特征图谱。最后,通过全维度动态卷积(omni-dimensional dynamic convolution,ODconv)优化轻量化卷积神经网络模型框架,构建了轻量化主循环泵故障诊断模型(OD-ShuffleNet)。并融合时域、频域和时频域故障特征,在减少硬件资源占用的基础上进一步提升模型的故障诊断精度。分析结果表明,模型的诊断准确率为95.0%,优于经典卷积神经网络架构。

双端面机械密封在双螺杆原油泵上的应用

基于原油库拆建工程项目,对双螺杆原油泵原采用的单端面金属波纹管机械密封改造为新型的带泵效环的背靠背双端面机械密封,并配套冷却循环辅助系统,经现场工业考核,背靠背双端面机械密封在双螺杆原油泵上得到良好应用。结果表明,新改造的双端面机械密封彻底解决了原密封存在的摩擦副磨损严重、泄漏量大、使用寿命短等问题,实现了工艺介质的零泄漏并确保设备长周期安全稳定运行。

燃料电池凸轮式氢气循环泵内流场仿真与气动特性研究

为降低燃料电池氢气循环泵运行产生的振动及噪声,基于凸轮式氢气循环泵基本理论,建立某循环泵内流场CFD仿真模型,通过仿真分析得出:随着转速增加循环泵的实际排气流量逐渐增大;理论排气流量与数值模拟结果误差低于4.4%,可以较准确地反应氢气循环泵内部气体脉动的规律;当转速在8000 r/min时内泄漏量最小,容积效率最大,氢气循环泵的转速影响内泄漏量从而影响容积效率;压力脉动频率与转速负相关,压力脉动强度与转速正相关。因此,需选择合适的额定转速,避免因转速过高造成工作效率降低。

住宅户内空气源热泵生活热水系统循环恒温能耗分析

基于3个住宅户型案例的空气源热泵生活热水系统,对系统配水管道采用循环恒温方式维持热水用水温度时的管道散热量进行计算评估,分析了循环恒温不同运行模式下的增量能耗和电耗,提出当前全装修住宅空气源热泵热水设备应集成管道恒温循环装置及控制装置等建议。

多源信息融合的核电循泵轴承健康状态增量评估

针对基于深度学习的导轴承健康状态评估模型在增量学习新任务后,几乎彻底遗忘之前学习的内容,导致模型对旧任务评估准确率下降的问题,提出一种多源信息融合的核电循环水泵导轴承健康状态增量评估方法。首先,设计多源信息融合网络,提取反映导轴承健康状态的高维融合特征;其次,通过减小多源信息融合网络的分类损失及蒸馏损失保留新旧任务知识,设计范例管理策略及最邻近均值分类器实现导轴承健康状态增量评估;最后,在核电循环水泵实验台架采集导轴承劣化数据,并对所提方法进行实验验证及对比分析。实验结果表明,所提出方法的准确率可达94%以上。

燃煤机组脱硫浆液循环泵定频运行控制策略优化及节能分析

为消纳可再生能源大规模并网发电,燃煤发电机组的调峰调频任务剧增,长时间处于深度调峰和变负荷过程,导致湿法烟气脱硫系统的性能下降、厂用电率大幅上升。为此,建立了超超临界660 MW燃煤发电机组的动态模型及基于双膜理论的湿法脱硫系统动态模型;模拟了变负荷过程中不同工况点切换浆液循环泵时脱硫系统的性能,发现变负荷过程中浆液和烟气流量的精准匹配可使脱硫系统在满足SO2排放的前提下实现最小的电能消耗;进一步,获得了变负荷过程中浆液循环流量阶跃变化时SO2出口质量浓度的预测模型,提出了浆液循环泵定频运行优化控制策略,可实现变负荷过程中浆液与烟气流量的最佳匹配;最后,分析了优化控制策略的节能潜力。研究结果表明:75%THA~50%THA降负荷过程中,变负荷速率为1.0%、1.5%和2.0%Pe/min,分别可节能20.12%、21.52%和22.82%;而在升负荷过程中,分别可节能10.04%、9.90%和8.66%,变负荷过程中烟气流速变化的差异是造成降负荷和升负荷过程中节能潜力不同的根本原因。

核电循环泵齿轮箱人字齿圈加工工艺优化及工装设计

人字齿圈作为核电循环泵齿轮箱关键构件,结构复杂,精度要求高,且要求在长时间重载运行条件下具有极高的可靠性和抗疲劳性能,传统加工方法难以保证稳定的品质。本文开展关键构件加工工艺优化研究,设计专用加工工装,配合加工精度保障技术,从而提高成品合格率,降低制造成本。

自循环机匣提高轴流泵稳定性的参数化研究

为了探究有效扩大轴流泵稳定运行范围的方法,针对轴流泵进行自循环机匣处理的单通道定常数值模拟,分析周向覆盖比例、抽吸口位置和喉部高度对水泵扩稳性能的影响规律,并揭示自循环机匣对轴流泵扩稳的改善机理.结果表明,抽吸口位置保持不变,扩大周向覆盖比例和喉部高度都可以增大流量裕度,但设计点效率降低;喉部高度为1.8 mm的自循环机匣流量裕度随着抽吸口位置的后移先增加后降低,效率先降低后增加,说明在叶顶上方存在一个最佳位置.在研究的范围内,流量裕度最大达到5.93%,设计点的效率最低降低1.12%.通过自循环机匣处理,使叶顶泄漏流与主流在叶顶上方相互作用形成的堵塞区面积有所减小,从而可以扩大轴流泵流量范围和提升小流量工况效率.该研究可为轴流泵在自循环机匣的端壁处理方式下扩稳提供参考.

核电厂海水循环泵肘形进水流道优化设计

为提高核电厂海水循环泵运行的稳定性,基于CFD数值模拟对海水循环泵肘形进水流道进行优化设计。以国内某核电厂的进水流道为研究对象,建立全新坐标系,通过理论推导得出肘形流道控制参数之间的函数关系,根据流道性能评判指标等参数,通过数值模拟研究肘形进水流道4个重要控制参数对流道水力性能的影响,优选出最佳方案并进行试验验证。结果表明,在设计流量下优化后的流道出口平均流速提高了0.026 m/s,流速分布均匀度降低0.13%,水流平均角度提高0.034°,水力损失降低11.2%。本文的研究结果显示提出的肘形流道优化设计方法快速、可靠,具有出口流态较好、水力损失较小等优点,可为工程建立提供一定的参考。

火电厂循环水泵组监控系统应用与研究

循环水泵是火电厂重要的辅助设备,监控系统能为水泵组运行提供安全预警,提高了机组发电效率,节省电厂运营成本。通过在线监控系统能评估水泵的运行状态,预估水泵的检修时间,减少水泵无故检修次数,延长水泵的使用寿命,从而使电厂的运营实现最高效能。通过研究火电厂循环水泵组监控系统的仪控设备设置及其各功能实现,为火电厂循环水泵组仪控系统的布置及选择提供参考。

循环水泵节能方式的应用与对比

针对循环水泵能耗高的问题,分析变频调速、定制高效泵、自主选型改造、水泵运行模式优化、高分子涂层技术等不同节能方式在钢铁企业中的应用场景,并对比不同节能方式的优缺点,可为各工序循环水系统节能方式的选择提供参考。

核电循环泵行星齿轮热弹流润滑研究

核电齿轮箱的良好润滑性能是核电循环泵可靠运行的重要保障,充分考虑齿面形貌和齿廓修形等因素对内/外啮合齿轮副的影响是准确评估其润滑特性的前提。建立典型工况下核电循环泵行星传动系统斜齿轮热弹流润滑模型,首先将斜齿轮副的啮合状态几何等效为圆锥滚子的接触问题,然后考虑斜齿轮接触变形和齿廓偏差,计算得到内/外啮合齿轮副接触区域不同位置的油膜厚度、承载压力、摩擦应力和闪温等参数。考虑齿面磨合作用,采用移动平均滤波方法对未经磨合的初始形貌进行光滑处理,分析了齿面形貌对润滑行为的影响,最后采取齿廓修形改善润滑特性。结果表明:粗糙度和齿廓修形均会对润滑特性产生明显的影响,齿面粗糙形貌会造成油膜厚度减小,进而影响其润滑特性,弱化润滑油膜的承载能力;通过齿廓修形可以改善齿轮啮合边界处的几何过渡,降低该区域的应力集中和表面温度,从而明显改善啮合线终端的润滑状态。

供热系统最佳定压点位置确定研究

通过对供热管网不同循环水泵位置的放置以及定压点位置设定组合,绘制水压图,分析确定了循环水泵与定压点位置的设定对系统压力的影响变化规律;得出循环水泵的位置决定了供热系统压力极限点的位置、定压点的位置决定了系统极限压力值的大小。最后在此基础上运用能量守恒方程推导确定出系统最佳定压点的准确位置。