A quite new type of chelating resin Carboxymethylated Polyethylenimine-Polymethylenepolyphenylene Isocyanate(CPPI)is used for the preconcentration of Zn from high salt water such as seawater. The preconcentration is c...A quite new type of chelating resin Carboxymethylated Polyethylenimine-Polymethylenepolyphenylene Isocyanate(CPPI)is used for the preconcentration of Zn from high salt water such as seawater. The preconcentration is controlled through the technique of Flow Injection Analysis(FIA).The concentrated sample solution is then directly transferred to an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer(ICP-AFS)for determination.The detection limit of Zn by the technique is about 0.06 ppb.展开更多
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has attracted extensive attention as a new technique for in-situ marine application. In this work, the influence of deep-sea high pressure environment on LIBS signals was inv...Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has attracted extensive attention as a new technique for in-situ marine application. In this work, the influence of deep-sea high pressure environment on LIBS signals was investigated by using a compact LIBS-sea system developed by Ocean University of China for the in-situ chemical analysis of seawater. The results from the field measurements show that the liquid pressure has a significant effect on the LIBS signals. Higher peak intensity and larger line broadening were obtained as the pressure increases. By comparing the variations of the temperature and salinity with the LIBS signals, a weak correlation between them can be observed. Under high pressure conditions, the optimal laser energy was higher than that in air environment. When the laser energy exceeded 17 mJ, the effect of laser energy on the signal intensity weakened. The signal intensity decreases gradually at larger delays. The obtained results verified the feasibility of the LIBS technique for the deep-sea in-situ detection, and we hope this technology can contribute to surveying more deep-sea environments such as the hydrothermal vent regions.展开更多
Ag/AgCl electrode has been prepared using pressed powder techniques. In order to verify the feasibility of this type of electrode used as detecting electric field generated by vessels in seawater, its characteristics ...Ag/AgCl electrode has been prepared using pressed powder techniques. In order to verify the feasibility of this type of electrode used as detecting electric field generated by vessels in seawater, its characteristics of DC resistance, low frequency AC impedance, and receiving impedance in artificial seawater have been studied by polarization measurements, low frequency electrochemical impedance spectra, the open and short circuit cell conditions. The results show that the electrode can keep a low resistance when it responses the weak electrostatic field in seawater. The AC impedance of the electrode decreases as the frequency of the signal increasing. The receiving impedance decreases when the frequency of external field increases too. The valid detection bandwidth is determined by the properties of the impedance and the reactions occurring on the surface of the electrode.展开更多
Mercury(Hg)is extremely toxic,and continues to cause major threats to aquatic life,human health and the environment.Hg^2+mainly derives from seawater as a product of atmospheric deposition,therefore there is great dem...Mercury(Hg)is extremely toxic,and continues to cause major threats to aquatic life,human health and the environment.Hg^2+mainly derives from seawater as a product of atmospheric deposition,therefore there is great demand for sensing approaches that can detect Hg^2+in seawater samples.Herein,we demonstrate that the peroxidase-mimicking activity of gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)or so-called nanozymes,can be exploited for the detection of Hg^2+ions in various water samples.In a high electrolyte environment,the catalytic activity for the oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)was significantly diminished due to poor stability of the bare-AuNPs.This activity was reduced by-73.7%when the NaCl concentration was higher than 1.168%,which is much lower than that of seawater(-3.5%),thus presenting its unsuitability for detecting Hg^2+in harsh water matrices.To overcome this limitation,AuNPs were first functionalized with oligo-ethylene glycol(OEG),of which their colloidal form presented high stability in NaCl concentrations up to 20%and across a wide range of pHs from 1-14.Interestingly,the catalytic activity of OEG-AuNPs for the oxidation of TMB was strongly suppressed by the coating,but enhanced upon formation of Au-Hg amalgamation.This novel finding underlies a straightforward,sensitive,and highly selective detection platform for Hg^2+in water samples.The approach could detect the exposure limit level for Hg^2+in drinking water(i.e.,2 ppb for tap and bottled water)as set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the World Health Organization(WHO).When Hg^2+was spiked into a 3.5%saline solution and a coastal seawater certified reference material(CRM),the detection limits were found to be 10 ancM 3 ppb,respectively,which exceed the Hg^2+concentrations commonly found within seawater(-60-80 ppb).The whole procedure takes less than 45 min to conduct,providing a highly innovative,rapid and low-cost approach for detecting Hg^2+in complex water matrices.展开更多
Lithium plating in working batteries has attracted wide attention in the exploration of safe energy storage. Establishing an effective and rapid early-warning method is strongly considered but quite challenging since ...Lithium plating in working batteries has attracted wide attention in the exploration of safe energy storage. Establishing an effective and rapid early-warning method is strongly considered but quite challenging since lithium plating behavior is determined by diverse factors. In this contribution, we present a non-destructive electrochemical detection method based on transient state analysis and threeelectrode cell configuration. Through dividing the iR drop value by the current density, the as-obtained impedance quantity(R_(i)) can serve as a descriptor to describe the change of electrochemical reaction impedance on the graphite anode. The onset of lithium plating can be identified from the sharp drop of R_(i). Once the dendritic plated lithium occurs, the extra electrochemical reactions at the lithium interfaces leads to growing active area and reduced surface resistance of the anode. We proposed a protocol to operate the batteries under the limited capacity, which renders the cell with 98.2% capacity retention after 1000 cycles without lithium plating. The early-warning method has also been validated in in-situ optical microscopy batteries and practical pouch cells, providing a general but effective method for online lithium plating detection towards safe batteries.展开更多
Wearable sweat sensors are gaining significant attention due to their unparalleled potential for noninvasive health monitoring.Sweat,as a kind of body fluid,contains informative physiological indicators that are relat...Wearable sweat sensors are gaining significant attention due to their unparalleled potential for noninvasive health monitoring.Sweat,as a kind of body fluid,contains informative physiological indicators that are related to personalized health status.Advances in wearable sweat sampling and routing technologies,flexible,and stretchable materials,and wireless digital technologies have led to the development of integrated sweat sensors that are comfortable,flexible,light,and intelligent.Herein,we report a flexible and integrated wearable device via incorporating a microfluidic system and a sensing chip with skin-integrated electronic format toward in-situ monitoring of uric acid(UA)in sweat that associates with gout,cardiovascular,and renal diseases.The microfluidic system validly realizes the real-time capture perspiration from human skin.The obtained detection range is 5-200μM and the detection limit is 1.79μM,which offers an importance diagnostic method for clinical relevant lab test.The soft and flexible features of the constructed device allows it to be mounted onto nearly anywhere on the body.We tested the sweat UA in diverse subjects and various body locations during exercise,and similar trends were also observed by using a commercial UA assay kit.展开更多
The tea plant is a valuable and evergreen crop that is extensively cultivated in China and many other countries.Currently,there is growing research interest in this plant.For the tea industry,it is crucial to develop ...The tea plant is a valuable and evergreen crop that is extensively cultivated in China and many other countries.Currently,there is growing research interest in this plant.For the tea industry,it is crucial to develop rapid and non-invasive methods to evaluate tea plants in their natural environment.This article provides a comprehensive overview of non-invasive sensing techniques used for in-situ detection of tea plants.The topics covered include leaf,canopy,and field-level assessments,as well as statistical analysis techniques and characteristics specific to the research.Non-invasive testing technology is primarily used for monitoring and predicting tea pests and diseases,monitoring quality,and nutrients,determining tenderness and grade,identifying tea plant varieties,automatically detecting,and identifying tea buds,monitoring tea plant growth,and extracting tea garden areas through remote sensing.It also helps to evaluate planting suitability,assess disasters,and estimate yields.Additionally,the article examines the challenges and prospects of emerging techniques aimed at resolving the in-situ detection problem for tea plants.It can assist researchers and producers in comprehensively understanding the tea environment,quality characteristics,and growth process,thereby enhancing tea production quality,and fostering tea industry development.展开更多
在分析研究国内外海洋底水原位探测技术的前提下,详细阐述了自主研发的"海水溶解气甲烷原位探测技术成果"的研发思路、关键技术和与国外技术的区别;结合该技术在我国南海北部水合物赋存区获得海洋底水原位甲烷测试数据以及现...在分析研究国内外海洋底水原位探测技术的前提下,详细阐述了自主研发的"海水溶解气甲烷原位探测技术成果"的研发思路、关键技术和与国外技术的区别;结合该技术在我国南海北部水合物赋存区获得海洋底水原位甲烷测试数据以及现有分层海水技术在南海北部表层海水和台西南盆地底层海水中甲烷测试数据,进行了水合物勘探中分层海水甲烷指标地球化学特征和不同海水测量方法技术在天然气水合物勘探中指示作用的研究和评价,旨在为天然气水合物中海水地球化学勘探方法的选择和发展方向提供参考依据。结果表明:(1)表层海水溶解气甲烷异常在区域水合物远景区中具有10~50nmol·L^(-1)的绝对甲烷浓度和面积较大(上千km^2)的区域地球化学特征;(2)底层海水甲烷异常背景值一般具有100nmol·L^(-1)以上的绝对甲烷浓度和面积较确定的局部地球化学异常特征;(3)海洋底水原位甲烷地球化学异常数据在水合物赋存区上的异常具有300~800nmol·L^(-1)的绝对甲烷浓度并具有高衬度异常特征。勘探技术成果显示:(1)常规技术和CTD技术获取的表层海水异常能够筛选水合物勘探远景区;(2)底水原位技术和台湾的岩心钻探技术(core top water)获取的底水地球化学异常与地下烃类聚集体渗漏相关,并有以生物成因气为主的同位素特征,因此该异常能够显示与水合物相关的甲烷渗漏地,为水合物赋存区段的识别提供依据。海水原位地球化学勘探技术在水合物海水地球化学勘探中具有广阔的应用前景。展开更多
Benzalkonium bromide is a high-efficiency algaecide.Its concentration in seawater was measured by the method of spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the deposition appeared if the concentration of benzalkoniu...Benzalkonium bromide is a high-efficiency algaecide.Its concentration in seawater was measured by the method of spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the deposition appeared if the concentration of benzalkonium bromide in seawater was more than 50mg·L -1,and affected the detection of benzalkonium bromide.But,there was a good linear relationship between concentration and absorbance when the concentration was lower than 50mg·L -1 (R 2=0.9996). Therefore,spectrophotometer could be used to detect benzalkonium bromide in seawater.展开更多
文摘A quite new type of chelating resin Carboxymethylated Polyethylenimine-Polymethylenepolyphenylene Isocyanate(CPPI)is used for the preconcentration of Zn from high salt water such as seawater. The preconcentration is controlled through the technique of Flow Injection Analysis(FIA).The concentrated sample solution is then directly transferred to an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer(ICP-AFS)for determination.The detection limit of Zn by the technique is about 0.06 ppb.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFC0302102)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 201822003)
文摘Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has attracted extensive attention as a new technique for in-situ marine application. In this work, the influence of deep-sea high pressure environment on LIBS signals was investigated by using a compact LIBS-sea system developed by Ocean University of China for the in-situ chemical analysis of seawater. The results from the field measurements show that the liquid pressure has a significant effect on the LIBS signals. Higher peak intensity and larger line broadening were obtained as the pressure increases. By comparing the variations of the temperature and salinity with the LIBS signals, a weak correlation between them can be observed. Under high pressure conditions, the optimal laser energy was higher than that in air environment. When the laser energy exceeded 17 mJ, the effect of laser energy on the signal intensity weakened. The signal intensity decreases gradually at larger delays. The obtained results verified the feasibility of the LIBS technique for the deep-sea in-situ detection, and we hope this technology can contribute to surveying more deep-sea environments such as the hydrothermal vent regions.
文摘Ag/AgCl electrode has been prepared using pressed powder techniques. In order to verify the feasibility of this type of electrode used as detecting electric field generated by vessels in seawater, its characteristics of DC resistance, low frequency AC impedance, and receiving impedance in artificial seawater have been studied by polarization measurements, low frequency electrochemical impedance spectra, the open and short circuit cell conditions. The results show that the electrode can keep a low resistance when it responses the weak electrostatic field in seawater. The AC impedance of the electrode decreases as the frequency of the signal increasing. The receiving impedance decreases when the frequency of external field increases too. The valid detection bandwidth is determined by the properties of the impedance and the reactions occurring on the surface of the electrode.
基金The author N.L.and C.M.thank the PhD studentship support from the D epartm ent of Employment and Learning for Northern Ireland(DEL)C.C.thanks the strong support from the Central Research Support Funds of Queens University Belfast via a start-up grant.
文摘Mercury(Hg)is extremely toxic,and continues to cause major threats to aquatic life,human health and the environment.Hg^2+mainly derives from seawater as a product of atmospheric deposition,therefore there is great demand for sensing approaches that can detect Hg^2+in seawater samples.Herein,we demonstrate that the peroxidase-mimicking activity of gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)or so-called nanozymes,can be exploited for the detection of Hg^2+ions in various water samples.In a high electrolyte environment,the catalytic activity for the oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)was significantly diminished due to poor stability of the bare-AuNPs.This activity was reduced by-73.7%when the NaCl concentration was higher than 1.168%,which is much lower than that of seawater(-3.5%),thus presenting its unsuitability for detecting Hg^2+in harsh water matrices.To overcome this limitation,AuNPs were first functionalized with oligo-ethylene glycol(OEG),of which their colloidal form presented high stability in NaCl concentrations up to 20%and across a wide range of pHs from 1-14.Interestingly,the catalytic activity of OEG-AuNPs for the oxidation of TMB was strongly suppressed by the coating,but enhanced upon formation of Au-Hg amalgamation.This novel finding underlies a straightforward,sensitive,and highly selective detection platform for Hg^2+in water samples.The approach could detect the exposure limit level for Hg^2+in drinking water(i.e.,2 ppb for tap and bottled water)as set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the World Health Organization(WHO).When Hg^2+was spiked into a 3.5%saline solution and a coastal seawater certified reference material(CRM),the detection limits were found to be 10 ancM 3 ppb,respectively,which exceed the Hg^2+concentrations commonly found within seawater(-60-80 ppb).The whole procedure takes less than 45 min to conduct,providing a highly innovative,rapid and low-cost approach for detecting Hg^2+in complex water matrices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21808124,22075029)by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20004)+2 种基金by Scientific and Technological Key Project of Shanxi Province(20191102003)the Seed Fund of Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy(SXKYJF015)the Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar Program,and Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program。
文摘Lithium plating in working batteries has attracted wide attention in the exploration of safe energy storage. Establishing an effective and rapid early-warning method is strongly considered but quite challenging since lithium plating behavior is determined by diverse factors. In this contribution, we present a non-destructive electrochemical detection method based on transient state analysis and threeelectrode cell configuration. Through dividing the iR drop value by the current density, the as-obtained impedance quantity(R_(i)) can serve as a descriptor to describe the change of electrochemical reaction impedance on the graphite anode. The onset of lithium plating can be identified from the sharp drop of R_(i). Once the dendritic plated lithium occurs, the extra electrochemical reactions at the lithium interfaces leads to growing active area and reduced surface resistance of the anode. We proposed a protocol to operate the batteries under the limited capacity, which renders the cell with 98.2% capacity retention after 1000 cycles without lithium plating. The early-warning method has also been validated in in-situ optical microscopy batteries and practical pouch cells, providing a general but effective method for online lithium plating detection towards safe batteries.
基金This work was also sponsored by InnoHK Project on Project 2.2-artificial intelligent(Al)-based 3D ultrasound imaging algorithm at Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering(CoCHE),Center of Flexible Electronics Technology,and Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center.
文摘Wearable sweat sensors are gaining significant attention due to their unparalleled potential for noninvasive health monitoring.Sweat,as a kind of body fluid,contains informative physiological indicators that are related to personalized health status.Advances in wearable sweat sampling and routing technologies,flexible,and stretchable materials,and wireless digital technologies have led to the development of integrated sweat sensors that are comfortable,flexible,light,and intelligent.Herein,we report a flexible and integrated wearable device via incorporating a microfluidic system and a sensing chip with skin-integrated electronic format toward in-situ monitoring of uric acid(UA)in sweat that associates with gout,cardiovascular,and renal diseases.The microfluidic system validly realizes the real-time capture perspiration from human skin.The obtained detection range is 5-200μM and the detection limit is 1.79μM,which offers an importance diagnostic method for clinical relevant lab test.The soft and flexible features of the constructed device allows it to be mounted onto nearly anywhere on the body.We tested the sweat UA in diverse subjects and various body locations during exercise,and similar trends were also observed by using a commercial UA assay kit.
基金Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Project(Grant No.cstc2021jscx-gksbX0064,CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0040,cstc2019 jscx-gksbX0092)National Key R&D Program(Grant No.2021YFD1601103)of China.
文摘The tea plant is a valuable and evergreen crop that is extensively cultivated in China and many other countries.Currently,there is growing research interest in this plant.For the tea industry,it is crucial to develop rapid and non-invasive methods to evaluate tea plants in their natural environment.This article provides a comprehensive overview of non-invasive sensing techniques used for in-situ detection of tea plants.The topics covered include leaf,canopy,and field-level assessments,as well as statistical analysis techniques and characteristics specific to the research.Non-invasive testing technology is primarily used for monitoring and predicting tea pests and diseases,monitoring quality,and nutrients,determining tenderness and grade,identifying tea plant varieties,automatically detecting,and identifying tea buds,monitoring tea plant growth,and extracting tea garden areas through remote sensing.It also helps to evaluate planting suitability,assess disasters,and estimate yields.Additionally,the article examines the challenges and prospects of emerging techniques aimed at resolving the in-situ detection problem for tea plants.It can assist researchers and producers in comprehensively understanding the tea environment,quality characteristics,and growth process,thereby enhancing tea production quality,and fostering tea industry development.
文摘在分析研究国内外海洋底水原位探测技术的前提下,详细阐述了自主研发的"海水溶解气甲烷原位探测技术成果"的研发思路、关键技术和与国外技术的区别;结合该技术在我国南海北部水合物赋存区获得海洋底水原位甲烷测试数据以及现有分层海水技术在南海北部表层海水和台西南盆地底层海水中甲烷测试数据,进行了水合物勘探中分层海水甲烷指标地球化学特征和不同海水测量方法技术在天然气水合物勘探中指示作用的研究和评价,旨在为天然气水合物中海水地球化学勘探方法的选择和发展方向提供参考依据。结果表明:(1)表层海水溶解气甲烷异常在区域水合物远景区中具有10~50nmol·L^(-1)的绝对甲烷浓度和面积较大(上千km^2)的区域地球化学特征;(2)底层海水甲烷异常背景值一般具有100nmol·L^(-1)以上的绝对甲烷浓度和面积较确定的局部地球化学异常特征;(3)海洋底水原位甲烷地球化学异常数据在水合物赋存区上的异常具有300~800nmol·L^(-1)的绝对甲烷浓度并具有高衬度异常特征。勘探技术成果显示:(1)常规技术和CTD技术获取的表层海水异常能够筛选水合物勘探远景区;(2)底水原位技术和台湾的岩心钻探技术(core top water)获取的底水地球化学异常与地下烃类聚集体渗漏相关,并有以生物成因气为主的同位素特征,因此该异常能够显示与水合物相关的甲烷渗漏地,为水合物赋存区段的识别提供依据。海水原位地球化学勘探技术在水合物海水地球化学勘探中具有广阔的应用前景。
文摘Benzalkonium bromide is a high-efficiency algaecide.Its concentration in seawater was measured by the method of spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the deposition appeared if the concentration of benzalkonium bromide in seawater was more than 50mg·L -1,and affected the detection of benzalkonium bromide.But,there was a good linear relationship between concentration and absorbance when the concentration was lower than 50mg·L -1 (R 2=0.9996). Therefore,spectrophotometer could be used to detect benzalkonium bromide in seawater.
