Development and Prospect of China Uranium Mining and Metallurgy

The development of industry of uranium mining and metallurgy in China has been reviewed generally,emphasizing on investigation approaches and application levels of uranium mining technologies such as in-situ leaching,heap leaching,stope leaching:on the basis of analysis on status of uranium mining and metallurgy and problems existed,also considering the specific features of deposit resources,the development orientation of uranium mining and metallurgy in China is pointed out.The industry of China uranium mining and metallurgy is faced to new opportunity of development and challenge in 21st century,the only way to realize sustainable development of uranium mining and metallurgy and harmonious development between economy and environment is to develop new technology on mining,ore beneficiation and metallurgy,increase the utilization level of uranium resources,low down impact on environment caused by mining and metallurgy.

地浸采铀中的环境污染与保护

随着采矿工艺技术发展,地浸采铀逐渐取代了传统的山地工程采矿,其基本原理是对 可地浸砂岩型铀矿按一定网度布置工艺钻孔,从注液孔注入地浸液,使之与铀进行充分反应,经 抽液孔提出地表,在地表工厂进行萃取铀的过程。地浸采铀与传统的山地工程比,地表破坏小、 形成的放射性废物和放射性核素的污染少、环境复原成本低,但也会对大气、土壤、地表水,特别 是对地下水造成一定的污染,必须采取一定的防护措施,否则会对环境及人们身体健康造成巨 大的危害。

捷克地浸采铀的污染问题及其思考

捷克斯特拉日(Straz)地浸铀矿山是一个有着25年(1971-1996年)采矿历史的老矿山。由于多种原因,地浸采铀对环境造成了较严重的污染,直接影响到当地居民的生存环境,如人、畜的饮用水被污染。本文重点介绍了斯特拉日铀矿地浸开采引起的环境变化、影响环境的污染物、污染范围、污染程度等。捷政府也因此制定了治污标准,并聘请国外专家、承包商为治污设计方案、治理模型。这对我国地浸铀矿生产具有重要的借鉴意义。