Structure of Cu-Phthalocyanine Vacuum Deposited on Inclined Glass Substrates

Cu-phthalocyanine is widely studied as a hole-transport layer in organic electronic devices. Since Cu-phthalocyanine is a molecular solid, the crystal structure depends on a circumstance to a great extent. Vacuum deposited layers were known to consist of two consecutive layers. In this article, Cu-phthalocyanine was deposited on the glass substrate inclined at several angles. The thickness of the first layer was found to be dependent on the substrate angle.

Stability of roof structure and its control in steeply inclined coal seams

To improve the effectiveness of control of surrounding rock and the stability of supports on longwall topcoal caving faces in steeply inclined coal seams, the stability of the roof structure and hydraulic supports was studied with physical simulation and theoretical analysis. The results show that roof strata in the vicinity of the tail gate subside extensively with small cutting height, while roof subsidence near the main gate is relatively assuasive. With increase of the mining space, the caving angle of the roof strata above the main gate increases. The characteristics of the vertical and horizontal displacement of the roof strata demonstrate that caved blocks rotate around the lower hinged point of the roof structure, which may lead to sliding instability. Large dip angle of the coal seam makes sliding instability of the roof structure easier.A three-hinged arch can be easily formed above both the tail and main gates in steeply inclined coal seams. With the growth in the dip angle, subsidence of the arch foot formed above the main gate decreases significantly, which reduces the probability of the roof structure becoming unstable as a result of large deformation, while the potential of the roof structure's sliding instability above the tail gate increases dramatically.

Single-borehole measuring method for broken rock zone in gently inclined thin layer weakness structure

According to the structural characteristics of gently inclined thin layer rock mass in which lots of weak interlayer existed,the concept of gently inclined thin layer weakness structure was proposed.If single-borehole measuring method of the acoustic along the conventional arrangement mode was used in measuring the broken rock zone in this structure,the change of the relationship curves (Vp-L) between acoustic p-wave velocity (Vp) and borehole depth (L) would present the irregular feature due to the mechanical characteristics of layered rock mass and harmful effects of weak interlayers,and the scope of broken rock zone couldn't be defined quickly.Based on the analysis of the me- chanical characteristics of layered rock mass,the propagation rule of acoustic and distri- butions characteristics of plastic zone and slip zone in layered rock mass,new arrange- ment mode of acoustic measuring boreholes for broken rock zone in gently inclined thin layer weakness structure was proposed.Namely,the measuring boreholes in two sides were parallel to the strata,the measuring boreholes in the roof and floor perpendicular to the strata.Besides the controlling depth of the measuring boreholes in the scope of the large plastic zones or the large slip zones should be increased.Engineering example showed that new acoustic measuring boreholes arrangement mode had the better appli- cability and could determine the scope of the broken rock zone in the gently inclined thin layer weakness structure quickly.

Inclined-cross Microstructure of Conch Shell

The microstructures of conch shell were observed with scanning electronic microscope （SEM）, and a kind of inclined-cross microstructure of aragonite sheets was found. The maximal pull-out force of the inclined-cross microstructure was analyzed based on its representative model and compared with that of a conventional 0 °- structure. The experimental result indicates that the maximal pull-out force of the inclined-cross microstructure is markedly larger than that of the 0°- structure.

Rock Pressure on Tunnel with Shallow Depth in Geologically Inclined Bedding Strata

The method to calculate rock pressure to which the lining structure of tunnel with shallow depth is subjected in geologically inclined bedding strata is analyzed and put forward. Both the inclination angle of bedding strata as well as the internal friction angle of bedding plane and its cohesion all exert an influence upon the magnitude of the asymmetric rock pressure applied to tunnel. The feature that rock pressure applied to tunnel structure varies with the incUnation angle of bedding strata is discussed, At last, the safety factor, which is utilized to evaluate the working state of tunnel lining structure, is calculated for both symmetric and asymmetric lining structures. The calculation results elucidate that the asymmetric tunnel structure can be more superior to bear rock pressure in comparison with the symmetric one and should be adopted in engineering as far as possible.

Stability analysis and grouting treatment of inclined shaft lining structure in water-rich strata: A case study

The stability of inclined shaft lining structure (ISLS) in complex water-rich strata is affected by many factors, suchas water pressure, joint, soft rock, lining corrosion and so on. The instability of the ISLS will affect the safe andefficient coal mine production. Bathe sed on the geological conditions of the Xiaobaodang coal mine, this papertested the evolution characteristics of concrete composition in long-term water seepage areas and revealed theinfluence mechanism of corrosion weakening of shaft lining (SL) in water-rich strata. Meanwhile, transientelectromagnetic, ground penetrating radar, and infrared monitoring are used to detect the water-rich zones, anddamage zones of surrounding rock and lining water seepage zones, and a three-level safety evaluation model forthe instability risk of ISLS is constructed. Water abundance of the surrounding rock, surrounding rock deterioration, and shaft lining seepage were the specific indicators in the model. The main inclined shaft (MIS) in thestudied coal mine is divided into three levels: non instability risk zone, potential instability risk zone, and highinstability risk zone. According to the evaluation results, comprehensive prevention and control measures of“hydrophobic hole drainage” and “back-lining grouting” are adopted for the water inrush source and the surrounding rock micro-crack water channel. The precise prevention and control of ISLS is realized. The researchresults also provide a reference for the stability evaluation of ISLS and the accurate prevention and control undersimilar conditions.

杭州电竞中心结构设计重难点概述

杭州电竞中心内圈主体结构采用钢框架-支撑结构,外圈采用“大倾角梭形斜柱+多段钢折梁框架”,是集承重与抗侧力于一体的结构体系,屋盖采用车辐式索承网格自平衡结构形式。详细介绍了地下结构、中央场馆结构的设计要点,门厅处利用建筑造型空间设计为多段钢折梁与跨层桁架相结合的结构形式;室内二层至三层楼面设计一浮空弧形人行桥,截面形式为薄壁钢箱梁,桥宽2.2m,跨度57m,采用“上挂下支”的稳定结构形式。对整体结构进行了静力弹性、动力弹塑性、振动台试验、典型节点有限元、整体稳定以及局部稳定等系列分析与试验。结果表明:结构在静力荷载和地震作用下强度和刚度均满足规范要求;典型节点极限承载力为荷载设计值的4.17倍;结构整体稳定性安全系数为3.79;斜柱局部稳定安全系数为2.52。合理的设计保证了结构的安全、经济和实用性。

某核心筒收进水瓶型超高层结构设计关键问题研究

某超高层建筑位于武汉市汉阳区一线滨江区域,整体造型为下大上小逐渐收分的水瓶型,主体结构高度249m,屋面上设51m高塔冠,地上建筑总高度300m。建筑师要求外框柱贴幕墙边布置,导致塔楼大部分柱均为斜柱,在竖向荷载作用下将对楼面体系产生水平分力,设计中通过在楼面梁设置抗拉钢筋及型钢承担水平拉力。核心筒墙体在17、43层进行了转换收进,通过合理的分析及措施,确保了墙体传力路径的合理性。对主体结构进行了风洞试验并进行了相关论证,减小了设计风荷载,节约了结构造价。对结构进行了施工模拟、收缩徐变分析、墙体有限元分析及塔冠分析,结果表明结构设计安全合理。

汽车激光雷达盖板的双色注塑模具设计

根据某车型激光雷达盖板的双色结构及形状,采用动模型芯旋转式结构的模具方案,设计了一套一出二的热流道双色注塑模具。利用Moldflow软件进行了双色成型分析,双色注塑第一次注射成型透明的PMMA材料的产品,第二次注射成型黑色ASA材料的产品。为实现该双色产品的结构成型,在定模处设计了2组不同结构的型腔,在动模处设计了2组左右对称的型芯,并且,在型芯侧设计了双斜导柱抽芯机构,冷却系统设计为“直通式+隔水片”的随形循环水路;顶出系统设计为2组独立的液压油缸,在产品顶出取件中,第一次注射成型的PMMA产品不顶出,第二次注射成型的ASA材料的产品采用“直顶+斜顶”的组合机构将双色产品推出,最终通过机械手完成产品的取件。实践生产证明了该双色模具结构合理、运行稳定、成型的双色塑件表面无缺陷。

基于WSN和TJ_UWIS的地下结构变形动态监测平台与教学应用

为实现复杂条件下地下结构变形的动态监测,提高学生对无线监测系统的认知,设计了基于WSN(wireless sensor network)和TJ_UWIS倾角传感支点的无线监测实验平台,并应用于实际教学中。该实验平台测量精度高,可以通过TJ_UWIS倾角传感支点测得地下结构的X/Y/Z三向的倾角变形值,从而反映结构的实际变形状况;最大监测频率可设置为1 min/次,可实现结构变形的精准动态监测。该实验平台的应用,有助于提高学生对无线传感监测系统原理与系统组成的认识,掌握具体应用方法,锻炼学生的专业素养和创新思维。

三面围合的人字结构——北京N公寓结构设计

基于某大跨斜连体三塔结构项目,采用多软件对比小震弹性分析、时程分析以及大震动力弹塑性分析方法,对其进行了斜连体传力路径分析、斜连体超限高层结构计算分析、斜连体防连续倒塌验算、斜连体与塔楼连接薄弱部位关键节点有限元分析。分析结果表明,斜连体传力路径可靠,斜连体及与塔楼连接关键传力节点在大震下不屈服,整体结构满足大震下的变形和承载力要求。故本项目结构布置合理,结构体系安全可靠。

电动工具塑件的复合二次抽芯注塑模具设计

根据电动工具结构件镂空的结构特点,结合其成型生产的技术要求,设计一副包含了三边侧向抽芯的复杂注塑模具。选择侧向复合二次抽芯机构解决塑件一侧倒扣和内扣组合结构的脱模问题,侧向复合二次抽芯结构中的内缩镶件机构设计精巧,模具空间占用少,采用研磨工艺制作,使其尺寸精度达到IT5级;选择2个平滑块侧分型抽芯结构的方式脱出塑件另外两侧边的倒扣和主体胶位,充分利用滑块达到分步脱模的目的,同时,配合斜顶抽芯顶出机构的设计,有效解决了镂空结构状塑件容易粘模和顶出困难的难题。模具经过实际生产验证,结构的合理性、生产的顺畅性、品质的稳定性均达到模具批量生产的要求。

西安国际文化传播中心大跨斜幕墙支承结构设计

西安国际文化传播中心大跨斜幕墙支承采用竖向张弦桁架结构体系,结构造型独特新颖。对其结构选型和受力特点进行了重点介绍。采用MIDAS Gen软件建立有限元模型,进行非线性静力及抗震分析计算,同时采用ANSYS软件对考虑几何与材料双重非线性的结构整体稳定性进行了详细分析,探讨了安全系数取值等。分析结果及实际使用效果表明,幕墙支承满足正常使用的各项要求,并具有良好的抗震性能。

桥式同心配水器结构优化及其在南堡油田的应用

南堡油田注水开发已处于油藏中后期,为满足油藏“注上水、注够水”的开发需求,大斜度井分注需求逐年增加。此前,大斜度井采用同心分层注水工艺技术后,存在调不动和漏失量大等问题。针对同心配水器存在的问题,对水嘴形状和结构进行优化改进,开展模拟测试并应用于矿场试验。该技术已在油田58口井上成功应用,应用井的最大井斜62.08°,施工成功率100%,初次测调成功率100%,测调效率提升2倍。

基于真三轴卸载试验不同倾角组合煤岩力学特性研究

为深入研究煤炭开采过程中顶板结构面倾角对煤岩力学特性的影响,通过自主研发的地声过程模拟试验系统,开展不同结构面倾角条件下组合煤岩真三轴加卸载试验,并利用声发射探测系统进行监测。研究结果表明:随着结构面倾角的增大,试样的破坏强度逐步下降,裂隙发展也逐渐减弱,其破坏形态从张拉剪切破坏逐渐向剪切破坏转变,直至倾角达到40°时,试样整体发生滑移破坏;在卸载破坏前,倾角<30°的试样发生充分的塑性变形,其承载力得到充分发挥,而倾角≥30°的试样达到临界破坏极限时迅速破坏,出现部分或完全滑移破坏;声发射信号集中于卸载破坏阶段,试样的结构面倾角越大,声发射累计计数越少,当倾角达到40°时发生滑移破坏,最大振铃计数大幅下降,对其累计计数略有影响。研究成果可为深入认识顶板结构面倾角引起的卸载破坏机制及矿山安全开采提供参考。

某不规则多层长途汽车站结构设计及分析

某不规则多层长途汽车站工程主要由长途客运站、公交首末站、换乘连廊及站台雨棚组成。长途客运站主体结构采用框架-剪力墙结构+张弦梁屋盖。换乘连廊采用单排柱柱顶铰接的排架结构。主要介绍了具有多排斜柱、扭转不规则、楼板大开洞、凹凸不规则等多项不规则的长途客运站的抗震性能设计、屋面张弦梁结构设计;分析了钢箱梁+钢筋混凝土Y形分叉柱的换乘连廊的结构特点;剖析了钢箱梁考虑剪力滞效应和受压局部稳定影响的有效截面宽度的计算及Y形分叉柱与横梁、Y形分叉柱柱墩支座选型的设计要点。分析结果表明,所采取的合理结构设计确保了结构安全。

大型红层缓倾岩层滑坡形成机制——以川北断渠滑坡为例

大型缓倾岩层滑坡在红层地区广泛分布,由于滑前迹象不明显,很难做到早期防范。为了探索此类滑坡的风险斜坡判识和早期识别,以四川北部南江县断渠滑坡为例,从孕灾地层沉积相和岩性组合特征、区域地质构造演化和层间剪切带发育特征等角度,分析了该滑坡的形成机制。该滑坡体积约为1153×10^(4)m^(3),主滑方向总体向南(170°),为一特大型缓倾岩层古滑坡。滑坡发育于侏罗系中统沙溪庙组上段和沙溪庙组下段交界部位,是岩性和岩相的转换面。沉积相的组合特征决定了斜坡上硬下软的坡体结构。滑坡位于四川盆地北缘新华向斜北西翼,受到了多期地质构造作用,米仓山南缘前陆盆地盖层底部楔入冲断构造模式产生了上部地层原地掀斜效应,增加了层间机械破碎作用,并且软硬2个系列地层交界处应力更易集中,在孕灾地层上下厚度约80 m范围内共计发育了数10条层间剪切带。在地下水大量参与下,破碎程度高且原岩含大量黏土矿物的层间剪切带被逐渐泥化,为滑坡下滑提供了力学条件。

常德高铁站房结构设计

常德高铁站是常益长正线线路上的重要站点,站房分为下部混凝土结构和上部钢屋盖。屋盖采用Γ形刚架作为主要支撑结构,一方面斜柱有效地增加了结构的抗侧刚度,另一方面也与桃花盛开的建筑意象相契合,其结构形式经历了立体三角形桁架、箱桁结合实腹梁、箱形实腹梁3轮方案的推敲演变。针对天窗区域连系桁架拱形下弦的矢高取值,采用Grasshopper+SAP2000联动程序进行自动化参数找形,得到结构受力性能和建筑空间效果均优的平衡点。通过ABAQUS壳单元模型与SAP2000杆单元模型的对比分析,验证了利用SAP2000截面设计器对变截面的异形截面构件分析的准确性,同时对Γ形刚架进行了弹塑性极限承载力分析,结果满足要求。Γ形刚架形态舒张有力,结构受力合理,实现了建筑与结构的完美结合。

大倾角煤层液压支架推移千斤顶受载行为及破坏特征分析

大倾角煤层复杂的赋存条件影响着支架的安全性和稳定性,目前大倾角工作面开采面临的最关键问题是保证工作面支架稳定工作。文章通过对大倾角煤层?160/105-730型推移千斤顶力学行为分析,以及借助ANSYS Workbench软件进行推移千斤顶双向瞬态流固耦合分析,得出了液压支架推移千斤顶应力、变形特征,并结合实际工况,分析得出推移千斤顶涨缸窜液失效易发生在活塞杆和乳化液与推移千斤顶缸体交界处,应适当加厚活塞杆与缸体交接处的缸体厚度,并加强活塞杆与缸体交界处的密封,为大倾角工作面液压支架支护稳定性和采煤空间的安全性提供了保证。

襄阳大厦超限高层结构设计

襄阳大厦结构高度249.6m,地上共58层,塔楼采用框架-核心筒结构体系,存在分段折柱、核心筒单侧收进、高位转换、连梁支承楼盖梁等特点。针对结构设计过程中的重难点,通过合理的计算分析与加强措施,确保与分段折柱相连的水平构件、核心筒墙体、转换构件的安全问题,并采用新型分段式连梁解决楼盖梁支承在连梁上的设计问题。弹性及弹塑性验算结果表明,结构满足预期抗震性能目标,各项结构措施合理可靠,结构设计安全合理。