Determination of Fructose and Glucose Contents in Honey by Liquid Chromatography-refractive Index Detection Method and Direct Titration Method

In this study, fructose and glucose contents in honey were determined by liquid chromatography-refractive index detection method and alkaline copper tartrate solution-direct titration method. According to the results, there were great differences between determination results of reducing sugar contents by liquid chromatography-refractive index detection method and alkaline copper tartrate solution-direct titration method. Specifically, average determination results of reducing sugar contents by liquid chromatography-refractive index detection method were reduced by about 9.5% compared with alkaline copper tartrate solution-direct titra- tion method. Subsequently, determination results of reducing sugar contents by two methods were compared and analyzed. Liquid chromatography-refractive index detection method was used to determine fructose and glucose monomers in honey, but alkaline copper tartrate solution-direct titration method was used to determine reducing sugar composition in honey, which might lead to significantly different results. Due to small sample size and limited conditions, the determination results were not necessarily representative. Bee product acquisition and processing enterprises and relevant departments should pay much attention on these issues and fully consider the current situation of grass-roots units to develop scientific, rigorous, simple, universal, convenient, low-cost and practicable standards, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of food quality.

Development and Processing of Millettia speciosa Instant Tea

This paper analyzed the effect of raw material crushing fineness,cooking time,ethanol content during ethanol precipitation and other factors on the preparation of raw material extract from Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea. The raw materials of Millettia speciosa Champ.,Philippine flemingia root and radix fici simplicissimae were crushed into 10 mesh or finer powder,and cooked for 60 min. During ethanol precipitation,the ethanol content was about 50% to 70%,standing 12 h. The ophiopogon root was cooked in 1∶ 15 boiling water for 45 min,and chrysanthemum was leached for 45 min with 1∶ 20 demineralized water at 80 ℃. After concentration,preparation and spray drying,the finished Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea was created. The detection of each product index indicated that Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea had good taste and flavor,and there were no heavy metals,harmful substances and excessive microbes,thereby showing that the raw material of Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea was selected reasonably,the mixture ratio was rational,and the processing technology was of some security,stability and maturity,which provided a theoretical basis for its development and application.

A novel multimode process monitoring method integrating LCGMM with modified LFDA

Complex processes often work with multiple operation regions, it is critical to develop effective monitoring approaches to ensure the safety of chemical processes. In this work, a discriminant local consistency Gaussian mixture model(DLCGMM) for multimode process monitoring is proposed for multimode process monitoring by integrating LCGMM with modified local Fisher discriminant analysis(MLFDA). Different from Fisher discriminant analysis(FDA) that aims to discover the global optimal discriminant directions, MLFDA is capable of uncovering multimodality and local structure of the data by exploiting the posterior probabilities of observations within clusters calculated from the results of LCGMM. This may enable MLFDA to capture more meaningful discriminant information hidden in the high-dimensional multimode observations comparing to FDA. Contrary to most existing multimode process monitoring approaches, DLCGMM performs LCGMM and MFLDA iteratively, and the optimal subspaces with multi-Gaussianity and the optimal discriminant projection vectors are simultaneously achieved in the framework of supervised and unsupervised learning. Furthermore, monitoring statistics are established on each cluster that represents a specific operation condition and two global Bayesian inference-based fault monitoring indexes are established by combining with all the monitoring results of all clusters. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method are evaluated through UCI datasets, a simulated multimode model and the Tennessee Eastman benchmark process.

Integration system research and development for three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf

An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, cloud data de-noising optimization, construction, display and operation of three-dimensional model, model editing, profile generation, calculation of goaf volume and roof area, Boolean calculation among models and interaction with the third party soft ware. Concerning this system with a concise interface, plentiful data input/output interfaces, it is featured with high integration, simple and convenient operations of applications. According to practice, in addition to being well-adapted, this system is favorably reliable and stable.