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Characteristics of radiation and convection heat transfer in indirect near-infrared-ray heating chamber 被引量:1
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作者 CHOI Hoon-ki YOO Geun-jong KIM Churl-hwan 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第3期731-738,共8页
Numerical study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of combined heat transfer of radiation, conduction and convection in indirect near infrared ray (N/R) heating chamber. The effects of important design pa... Numerical study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of combined heat transfer of radiation, conduction and convection in indirect near infrared ray (N/R) heating chamber. The effects of important design parameters such as the shape of heat absorbing cylinder and heat releasing fin on the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient were analyzed with different Reynolds numbers. The Reynolds numbers were varied from 103 to 3x106, which was defined based on the hydraulic diameter of the heat absorbing cylinder. Analyses were performed to obtain the inner and outer flow and the temperature distributions in the heat absorbing cylinder and the rates of radiation heat transfer and convection heat transfer. As the Reynolds number increases, the convection heat transfer rate is increased while the radiation heat transfer rate is decreased. The average convection heat transfer rate follows a power rule of the Reynolds number. Addition of three-dimensional heat releasing fin to the outside of the heat absorbing cylinder enhances the convection heat transfer. 展开更多
关键词 near infrared ray indirect near infrared ray heater absorbing cylinder heat releasing fin radiation heat transfer convection heat transfer Reynolds number
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Temperature-flow regulation rule in indirect connection heating system and its energy-saving contrast analysis
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作者 王飞 陈志辉 高燕 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2007年第4期506-510,共5页
Primary and secondary networks are treated as a whole in indirect heating systems, and an advanced new temperature-flow regulation method is presented whose flow ratio is greater than 60% in a secondary network and 30... Primary and secondary networks are treated as a whole in indirect heating systems, and an advanced new temperature-flow regulation method is presented whose flow ratio is greater than 60% in a secondary network and 30% in a primary network when under a partial load. Through deducing and optimizing an exponential function flow regulation rule, the formulae of flow regulation and the supply and return water temperatures are obtained, and their relevant curves are plotted. After comparison, it is found that this control method has a huge energy conservation space, and it should therefore be generalized soon. 展开更多
关键词 heating regulation energy-saving regulation temperature-flow regulation indirect connection heating system
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Preparation of NiO Powder by Decomposition of Basic Nickel Carbonate with Indirect Microwave Heating 被引量:2
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作者 王艳 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 1997年第1期92-95,共4页
Nickel oxide (NiO) powder is prepared by decomposition of basic nickel carbonate (mNiCO3.nNi(OH)2.xH2O) (BNC) in microwave field with silicon carbide (SiC) as an indirect heating medium. The decomposition proceeds sta... Nickel oxide (NiO) powder is prepared by decomposition of basic nickel carbonate (mNiCO3.nNi(OH)2.xH2O) (BNC) in microwave field with silicon carbide (SiC) as an indirect heating medium. The decomposition proceeds stage by stage: firstly BNC removes its crystal water with the heat provided by BNC itself and SiC which absorb microwave energy,then removes CO2 and H2O from the anhydride (mNiCO3 .nNi(OH)2) and begins to produce NiO with the heat provided by SiC, and finally decomposes into NiO powder completely with the heat provided by the produced NiO which absorbs microwave energy strongly. In the microwave irradiation process, the decomposition of BNC can be accelerated by increasing the amount of BNC, the amount of SiC and the microwave field power. The size of the NiO granule is about 18ourn when the size of BNC used is about 15ourn. 展开更多
关键词 NIO POWDER MICROWAVE heating SIC indirect heating
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Synthesis of flexible inter-plant heat exchanger networks:A decomposition method considering intermedium fluid circles
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作者 Ran Tao Siwen Gu +1 位作者 Linlin Liu Jian Du 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第11期62-73,共12页
The traditional methods for synthesizing flexible heat exchanger networks(HENs)are not directly applicable to inter-plant HEN challenges,primarily due to the spread of system uncertainty across plants via intermedium ... The traditional methods for synthesizing flexible heat exchanger networks(HENs)are not directly applicable to inter-plant HEN challenges,primarily due to the spread of system uncertainty across plants via intermedium fluid circles.This complicates the synthesis process significantly.To tackle this issue,this study proposes a decomposed stepwise methodology to facilitate the flexible synthesis of the interplant HENs performing indirect heat integration.A decomposition strategy is proposed to divide the overall network into manageable sub-networks by dissecting the intermedium fluid circles.To address the variability in intermedium fluid temperatures,a temperature fluctuation analysis approach is developed and a heuristic rule is introduced to maintain the temperature feasibility of the intermedium fluids.To ensure adequate flexibility and cost-effectiveness of the designed networks,flexibility analysis and network retrofit steps are conducted through model-based optimization techniques.The efficacy of the method is demonstrated through two case studies,showing its potential in achieving the desired operational flexibility for inter-plant HENs. 展开更多
关键词 Inter-plant heat exchanger networks(HENs) indirect heat integration Flexible synthesis Flexible analysis Decomposition method
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Analytical solution for the time-fractional heat conduction equation in spherical coordinate system by the method of variable separation 被引量:2
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作者 Ting-Hui Ning Xiao-Yun Jiang 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2011年第6期994-1000,共7页
In this paper,using the fractional Fourier law,we obtain the fractional heat conduction equation with a time-fractional derivative in the spherical coordinate system.The method of variable separation is used to solve ... In this paper,using the fractional Fourier law,we obtain the fractional heat conduction equation with a time-fractional derivative in the spherical coordinate system.The method of variable separation is used to solve the timefractional heat conduction equation.The Caputo fractional derivative of the order 0 〈 α≤ 1 is used.The solution is presented in terms of the Mittag-Leffler functions.Numerical results are illustrated graphically for various values of fractional derivative. 展开更多
关键词 Fractional Fourier law Fractional heat conduction equation - Spherical coordinate system - The separation of variables Mittag-Leffler function
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Polymorphism of heat shock protein 70-2 and enterocutaneous fistula in Chinese population 被引量:1
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作者 Jun Chen Jian-An Ren +8 位作者 Gang Han Guo-Sheng Gu Ge-Fei Wang Xiu-Wen Wu Bo Zhou Dong Hu Yin Wu Yun-Zhao Zhao Jie-Shou Li 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2014年第35期12559-12565,共7页
AIM: To investigate whether the heat shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) polymorphism is associated with enterocutaneous fistulas in a Chinese population.
关键词 Enterocutaneous fistulas Single nucleotide polymorphisms heat shock protein HSP70-2
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A Simplified Model for Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer in an Indirect Evaporative Cooler 被引量:1
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作者 A. Fouda Z. Melikyan 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2010年第9期1-6,共6页
A simplified model for analysis of heat and mass transfer between air stream and flowing down water film in counter-flow plate heat exchanger which serves as an indirect evaporative cooler is theoretically analyzed in... A simplified model for analysis of heat and mass transfer between air stream and flowing down water film in counter-flow plate heat exchanger which serves as an indirect evaporative cooler is theoretically analyzed in this paper. Indirect evaporative cooler is used for sensible cooling of air which then is used for air conditioning purposes. Mathematical model was developed allowing determining heat transfer surface, outlet air temperature and specific humidity of the air being cooled. To make the model simpler some simplifications have been incorporated. The model has high level of correctness and can be used to calculate and design different types of evaporative heat exchangers. Analysis of results of calculations by the help of the developed model prove that the surface of heat exchanger depends on the thickness of water film layer by the regularity of direct proportionality. Moreover, increasing of the water film thickness brings to the decreasing of the efficiency of evaporative type heat exchanger. The model can be used for correct calculation and design of an evaporative cooling air conditioning systems. 展开更多
关键词 heat exchanger counter flow air conditioning indirect evaporative cooler
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Experimental Study on the Thermal Performances of a Tube-Type Indirect Evaporative Cooler
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作者 Tiezhu Sun Huan Sun +2 位作者 Tingzheng Tang Yongcheng Yan Peixuan Li 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2023年第10期2519-2531,共13页
The so-called indirect evaporative cooling technology is widely used in air conditioning applications.The thermal characterization of tube-type indirect evaporative coolers,however,still presents challenges which need... The so-called indirect evaporative cooling technology is widely used in air conditioning applications.The thermal characterization of tube-type indirect evaporative coolers,however,still presents challenges which need to be addressed to make this technology more reliable and easy to implement.This experimental study deals with the performances of a tube-type indirect evaporative cooler based on an aluminum tube with a 10 mm diameter.In particular,the required tests were carried out considering a range of dry-bulb temperatures between 16℃ and 18℃ and a temperature difference between the wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperature of 2℃∼4℃.The integrated convective heat transfer coefficient inside the tube in the drenching condition has been found to lie in the range between 36.10 and 437.4(W/(m^(2)⋅K)). 展开更多
关键词 Tubular indirect evaporative cooler integrated convection heat transfer coefficient evaporative cooling thermal engineering calculation energy saving
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A Study on Modifying the Calculation Model of Valid Opening Size of Heat-bonded Nonwoven Fabrics
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作者 余序芬 吴美萍 《Journal of China Textile University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 1999年第3期52-56,共5页
It has been found that there are marked errors in the value of valid opening size of heat-bonded nonwoven fabrics between theoretical calculations and engineering measurements. A new modified theoretical model is adva... It has been found that there are marked errors in the value of valid opening size of heat-bonded nonwoven fabrics between theoretical calculations and engineering measurements. A new modified theoretical model is advanced in this paper. The equivalent diameter of the pore of a fibre web is used to calculate the valid opening size instead of the maximum diameter of inscribed circle used, because the fibres in practical fibre webs are flexible elastomers with definite diameters and the pore of fibre web may produce deformation in screening teat and engineering usage. The results show that the theoretical calculations coincide well with the engineering measurements. This method offers a theoretical basis for computer simulation to the performance of filters of heatbonded nonwoven fabrics. 展开更多
关键词 heat - bonded NONWOVEN fabrics theoretical MODEL VALID OPENING SIZE MODEL modification .
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Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of 3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic Acid
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作者 XUE Bin WANG Jian-ya +1 位作者 TAN Zhi-cheng WU Tong-hao 《Chemical Research in Chinese Universities》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第4期460-464,共5页
The heat capacities of 3-( 2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (a racemic mixture, molar ratio of cis-/trans-structure is 35/65) in a temperature range from 78 to 389 K were measured with ... The heat capacities of 3-( 2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (a racemic mixture, molar ratio of cis-/trans-structure is 35/65) in a temperature range from 78 to 389 K were measured with a precise automatic adiabatic calorimeter. The sample was prepared with a purity of 98.75% ( molar fraction). A solid-liquid fusion phase transition was observed in the experimental temperature range. The melting point, Tm, enthalpy and en- tropy of fusion, △fusHm, △fusSm, of the acid were determined to be (331.48±0.03 ) K, (16.321±0.031) kJ/mol, and (49.24±0.19) J/( K·mol), respectively. The thermodynamic functions of the sample, Ht-H298.15, Sr-S298.15 and Gr-G298.15, were reported at a temperature intervals of 5 K. The thermal decomposition of the sample was studied using thermogravimetric(TG) analytic technique, the thermal decomposition starts at ca. 418 K and ends at ca. 544 K, the maximum decomposition rate was obtained at 510 K. The order of reaction, preexponential factor and activation energy are n =0.23, A =7.3 ×10^7 min^-1 , E =70.64 kJ/mol, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 3-(2 2-Dichloroethenyl)-2 2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid Adiabatic calorimetry heat capacity Thermodynamic function Thermal decomposition
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热带太平洋海洋叶绿素对SST的影响及其机理分析——基于ROMS的海洋物理-生态模式模拟
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作者 张雯哲 张荣华 +3 位作者 高川 田丰 于洋 王宏娜 《海洋与湖沼》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期1368-1379,共12页
关于热带太平洋海洋叶绿素对海表面温度(sea surface temperature, SST)年平均场和年际变率的影响,学术界存在着广泛的争议,模拟结果表现出明显的模式依赖性;且对于季节变化上叶绿素如何影响SST的关注较少。为深入研究热带太平洋叶绿素... 关于热带太平洋海洋叶绿素对海表面温度(sea surface temperature, SST)年平均场和年际变率的影响,学术界存在着广泛的争议,模拟结果表现出明显的模式依赖性;且对于季节变化上叶绿素如何影响SST的关注较少。为深入研究热带太平洋叶绿素的气候效应,本文基于区域海洋模式系统(Regional Ocean Modeling System, ROMS)构建了海洋物理-生态耦合模式;通过在敏感性试验中设置不同的叶绿素浓度分布,分析了叶绿素对热带太平洋SST的年平均和季节变化的影响。结果表明,叶绿素会导致热带太平洋大部分区域SST升高,但赤道东太平洋区域SST降低。其中,前者由叶绿素的直接加热效应所引起:叶绿素的存在使得海洋表层吸收的短波辐射明显增多,更多的热量被保留在了混合层中,引起SST的升高;后者由动力冷却效应占主导:叶绿素使得混合层中吸收更多的短波辐射,导致穿透到混合层以下的短波辐射明显减少,所引起的热量垂向重新分配使得海水的层结增强、混合层变浅、上层海流辐散增强,进一步在赤道南北两侧产生异常向西的纬向流、赤道东太平洋的上升流增强,使得SST下降。但是这种冷却效应并未贯穿于全年,叶绿素对赤道东太平洋SST变化的影响呈现出明显的季节依赖性:在1~4月期间表现为SST增暖(即直接加热效应占主导作用);此后加热效应减弱,垂向冷平流的作用愈发强劲,间接动力冷却效应占主导。综合来看,叶绿素会使赤道东太平洋SST降低约0.5℃,并加强其季节变率。本文得到了叶绿素影响赤道东太平洋SST的两种不同的结果(变冷和变暖),这一发现为理解不同模式中叶绿素冷却或加热效应主导作用的差异提供了新的视角,为改进模式、合理表征叶绿素的影响提供了重要的科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 热带太平洋 叶绿素效应 季节依赖性 直接加热 间接冷却 海洋物理-生态耦合模式 区域海洋模式系统(ROMS)
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Study on the Factors to Influence Dynamic Heat - moisture Comfort of Summer Clothing Fabrics
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作者 蒋培清 唐世君 谌玉红 《Journal of China Textile University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 1999年第2期72-76,共5页
In this paper, the factors to influence the dynamic heat - moisture comfort of summer clothing fabrics have been studied. It is pointed out that, when the wind speed outside is high, or the air permeability is very go... In this paper, the factors to influence the dynamic heat - moisture comfort of summer clothing fabrics have been studied. It is pointed out that, when the wind speed outside is high, or the air permeability is very good, the sweat of human body will evaporate mainly through turbulent diffusion. Because of the rapid sweat evaporation, human body will feel cold, and then, the difference in temperature and humidity of the micro - climatic section will be very slight. On the contrary, when the wind speed outside is slow or the air permeability is unsatisfactory, the sweat of human body will evaporate mainly through molecular diffusion, and in this case, the humidity of the micro - climatic section will be depended on the hygroscopicity of the fabric, that’ s to say, the better the hygroscopicity, the lower the humidity. It is difficult for pure wool fabric to loss heat because of its giving out much heat during the course of moisture - absorption in the initial stages of sweating. For pure polyester fabric, 展开更多
关键词 summer clothing fabric DYNAMIC heat - MOISTURE COMFORT air permeability HYGROSCOPICITY turbulent DIFFUSION molecular diffusion.
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A Compact Difference Scheme for Multi-point Boundary Value Problems of Heat Equations
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作者 Xuping Wang Zhizhong Sun 《Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation》 2019年第4期545-563,共19页
In this paper,a compact difference scheme is established for the heat equations with multi-point boundary value conditions.The truncation error of the difference scheme is O(τ2+h^4),where t and h are the temporal ste... In this paper,a compact difference scheme is established for the heat equations with multi-point boundary value conditions.The truncation error of the difference scheme is O(τ2+h^4),where t and h are the temporal step size and the spatial step size.A prior estimate of the difference solution in a weighted norm is obtained.The unique solvability,stability and convergence of the difference scheme are proved by the energy method.The theoretical statements for the solution of the difference scheme are supported by numerical examples. 展开更多
关键词 heat EQUATION - Multi-point BOUNDARY VALUE CONDITION Compact DIFFERENCE scheme Energy method
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Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of NST 37-2 Steel
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作者 D. A. Fadare T. G. Fadara O. Y. Akanbi 《Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering》 2011年第3期299-308,共10页
Engineering materials, mostly steel, are heat treated under controlled sequence of heating and cooling to alter their physical and mechanical properties to meet desired engineering applications. In this study, the eff... Engineering materials, mostly steel, are heat treated under controlled sequence of heating and cooling to alter their physical and mechanical properties to meet desired engineering applications. In this study, the effect of heat treatment (annealing, normalising, hardening, and tempering) on the microstructure and some selected mechanical properties of NST 37-2 steel were studied. Sample of steel was purchased from local market and the spectrometry analysis was carried out. The steel samples were heat treated in an electric furnace at different temperature levels and holding times;and then cooled in different media. The mechanical properties (tensile yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus, percentage reduction, percentage elongation, toughness and hardness) of the treated and untreated samples were determined using standard methods and the microstructure of the samples was examined using metallographic microscope equipped with camera. Results showed that the mechanical properties of NST 37-2 steel can be changed and improved by various heat treatments for a particular application. It was also found that the annealed samples with mainly ferrite structure gave the lowest tensile strength and hardness value and highest ductility and toughness value while hardened sample which comprise martensite gave the highest tensile strength and hardness value and lowest ductility and toughness value. 展开更多
关键词 heat treatment Mechanical properties MICROSTRUCTURE NST 37-2 STEEL
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Heat Treatment of Nd_(1+x)Ba_(2-x)Cu_3O_(7-δ) Superconductors
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作者 樊占国 司平占 苏大和 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第2期198-200,共3页
Two kinds of Nd 1+ x Ba 2- x Cu 3O 7- δ , the sintered samples and zone melted samples, were treated in pure Ar at 950 ℃. The substitution of Nd ions for Ba ions in the Nd 1+ x Ba 2- ... Two kinds of Nd 1+ x Ba 2- x Cu 3O 7- δ , the sintered samples and zone melted samples, were treated in pure Ar at 950 ℃. The substitution of Nd ions for Ba ions in the Nd 1+ x Ba 2- x Cu 3O 7- δ before and after the heat treatment was investigated by XRD. In order to know the effects of heat treatment, the T c and J c of samples with and without the heat treatment in Ar were comparatively studied. The results show that the substitution of Nd for Ba decreases, whereas T c and J c increase after the treatment. The Nd 1+ x Ba 2- x Cu 3O 7- δ samples were oxygenated in pure oxygen at 300 ℃ . Based on the XRD spectra it was found that the samples with x <0.4 can transform from tetragonal phase into orthorhombic phase after the oxygenation, whereas in the sample with x >0.4 no phase transition occurs even after a long time oxygenation. 展开更多
关键词 inorganic nonmetallic materials Nd 1+ x Ba 2- x Cu 3O 7- δ superconductors heat treatment solid solubility superconductivity rare earths
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Low-temperature heat capacities and standard molar enthalpy of formation of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-phenol (C_8H_(11)NO)
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作者 邸友莹 孔玉霞 +1 位作者 杨伟伟 谭志诚 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2008年第9期3276-3283,共8页
This paper reports that low-temperature heat capacities of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-phenol (C8H11NO) are measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 400 K. A polynomial eq... This paper reports that low-temperature heat capacities of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-phenol (C8H11NO) are measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 400 K. A polynomial equation of heat capacities as a function of the temperature was fitted by the least square method. Based on the fitted polynomial, the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15K were calculated and tabulated at the interval of 5K. The energy equivalent, εcalor, of the oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter has been determined from 0.68g of NIST 39i benzoic acid to be εcalor=(14674.69±17.49)J·K^-1. The constant-volume energy of combustion of the compound at T=298.15 K was measured by a precision oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter to be ΔcU=-(32374.25±12.93)J·g^-1. The standard molar enthalpy of combustion for the compound was calculated to be ΔcHm = -(4445.47 ± 1.77) kJ·mol^-1 according to the definition of enthalpy of combustion and other thermodynamic principles. Finally, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the compound was derived to be ΔfHm(C8H11NO, s)=-(274.68 ±2.06) kJ·mol^-1, in accordance with Hess law. 展开更多
关键词 4-(2-aminoethyl)-phenol adiabatic calorimetry low-temperature heat capacity standard molar enthalpy of formation
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Corrosion Resistance of Heat-Treated NST 37-2 Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
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作者 David Abimbola Fadare Taiwo Gbolarumi Fadara 《Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering》 2013年第1期1-7,共7页
Corrosion of metal components constitutes a major challenge in many engineering systems, with appropriate design, proper material selection, and heat treatment as commonly used control strategies. In this study, the c... Corrosion of metal components constitutes a major challenge in many engineering systems, with appropriate design, proper material selection, and heat treatment as commonly used control strategies. In this study, the corrosion behaviour of heat-treated (annealed, normalised, hardened, and tempered) NST 37-2 steel in three concentrations (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 M) of hydrochloric acid solution was investigated using weight loss and electrode-potential methods. Results showed that corrosion rate increased with increase in acid concentration. The decreasing order of corrosion resistance was Tempered > Annealed > Normalised > Hardened > Untreated. The surface pictures of the heat-treated and untreated samples showed uniform and pitting corrosion with the latter becoming more pronounced as concentration increased. 展开更多
关键词 heat Treatment CORROSION Resistance Hydrochloric ACID NST 37-2 STEEL
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Molar heat capacities of La_2Mo_2O_9 and La_(1.9)Sr_(0.1)Mo_2O_(9-δ)
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作者 Baijun Yan Jianhua Liu Yunduo Dai Qifeng Shu Zhihua Ren 《Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing》 CSCD 2007年第5期395-398,共4页
The molar heat capacities of La2Mo209 and La1.9Sr0.1MO209-δ were obtained using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique in a temperature range from 298 to 1473 K. The DSC curve of La2Mo209 showed an e... The molar heat capacities of La2Mo209 and La1.9Sr0.1MO209-δ were obtained using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique in a temperature range from 298 to 1473 K. The DSC curve of La2Mo209 showed an endothermal peak around 834 K corresponding to a first-order monoclinic-cubic phase transition, and the enthalpy change accompanying this phase transition is 5.99 kJ/mol. No evident endothermal peak existed in the DSC curve of La1.9Sr0.1MO209-δ, but a broad thermal anomaly existed in its heat capacity curve at around 832 K. In addition, the heat capacity values of La2Mo209 and La1.9Sr0.1MO209-δ began to decrease at 1196 and 1330 K, respectively. The non-transitional heat capacity values of La2Mo209 and La1.9Sr0.1MO209-δ were formulated using multiple regression analysis in two temperature ranges. 展开更多
关键词 heat capacity phase transition La2M0209 La1.9Sr0.1MO209-δ DSC
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Experimental Study and Thermal Modelling of Cocoa Shell Convective Drying in an Indirect Solar Dryer
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作者 Siaka Touré Adjo Christelle Ogo Modibo Sidibé 《Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science》 2024年第2期69-78,共10页
The concern of the present work is the convective drying of empty cocoa shells in an indirect solar dryer. Some drying experiments, using one sample, were carried out. During the experiments, the sample is introduced ... The concern of the present work is the convective drying of empty cocoa shells in an indirect solar dryer. Some drying experiments, using one sample, were carried out. During the experiments, the sample is introduced in the drying chamber. Then at steady time intervals, the sample is withdrawn from the drying chamber, for a rapid weighing. After each weighing, the sample is reintroduced in the dryer. At each time interval, the ambient temperature of the drying chamber and its relative humidity γ are measured by a thermo-hygrometer. From the experimental data, a theoretical determination of the moisture evaporated from the product was performed and a good agreement was found between the theoretical and experimental values, confirmed by the value of the RMSE. Those calculations used the constants in the Nusselt number found in literature. Then those constants were evaluated again, to get new values more suitable with the experimental data. The dimensionless numbers of Nusselt, Grashof and Prandtl were calculated. That allowed the calculation of the average value of the Nusselt number. The average convective heat transfer coefficient was determined. 展开更多
关键词 Shells of Cocoa Pods indirect Solar Dryer Moisture Evaporated Constants of the Nusselt Number Convective heat Transfer Coefficient
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煤-热共采的理论与技术框架 被引量:28
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作者 万志军 毕世科 +3 位作者 张源 王骏辉 吴栋 王靖超 《煤炭学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第8期2099-2106,共8页
煤炭与地热资源共采是煤及煤系共伴生资源共采的积极探索,是煤炭安全开采和地热能利用的有机结合,开发和利用矿山地热,可为绿色矿山建设和地热能发展做贡献。总结了我国高地温矿井的类型及其成因,统计了我国高地温矿井的分布情况,论述... 煤炭与地热资源共采是煤及煤系共伴生资源共采的积极探索,是煤炭安全开采和地热能利用的有机结合,开发和利用矿山地热,可为绿色矿山建设和地热能发展做贡献。总结了我国高地温矿井的类型及其成因,统计了我国高地温矿井的分布情况,论述了开发和利用矿山地热资源的必要性和可行性。提出了煤-热共采的概念,从工程背景、科学问题、关键技术和工程实践等方面阐述了煤-热共采的基本理论与技术框架。探讨了煤-热共采的科学问题,包括煤系储层的地质力学问题,高地温矿井热源分析及深部地温分布规律,矿山地热资源的技术经济评价方法,煤-热共采的多场耦合及其演化规律等问题。在此基础上,分析了煤-热共采的关键技术,包括共采工艺,井下钻井与成井工艺,井下抽采与回灌技术,高效能热泵技术,高效能集输与间接换热技术,动态监测和智能调峰技术等。 展开更多
关键词 矿山地热 共采工艺 热泵 间接换热
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