In this paper a full theoretical thermal analysis of a large molten salt container,80-foot in diameter and 46-foot high,including a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for two temperatures,the standard 565℃ an...In this paper a full theoretical thermal analysis of a large molten salt container,80-foot in diameter and 46-foot high,including a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for two temperatures,the standard 565℃ and a futuristic 700℃,which substantially improves the efficiency of the molten salt containers through the use of a highly stable chloride salt called SS700(SaltStream 700).The theoretical analysis includes conductive and convective heat transfer analysis in the steel container,elliptic roof shell,the fiberglass insulation,and firebrick insulation,and includes thermal insulation designs to safeguard against energy losses at high temperatures.The underlying soil and the high temperature concrete foundation were analyzed theoretically using conductive heat transfer,however the area surrounding the soil surface around the bottom of the molten salt storage tank had convective heat transfer analysis included.The final designs presented in this paper seek to limit heat losses to a maximum of 250 W/m^(2) while being able to operate at a minimum external ambient temperature of-10℃,which determines the thicknesses of the fiberglass and firebrick insulation.展开更多
Excess energy from various sources can be stored in molten salts (MS) in the 565 °C range. Large containers can be used to store energy at excess temperatures in order to generate eight hours or more of electrici...Excess energy from various sources can be stored in molten salts (MS) in the 565 °C range. Large containers can be used to store energy at excess temperatures in order to generate eight hours or more of electricity, depending on the container size, to be used during peak demand hours or at night for up to a week. Energy storage allows for a stable diurnal energy supply and can reduce the fluctuation due to weather conditions experienced at thermal solar power stations. Supported by Office of Naval Research (ONR), this paper discusses the design considerations for molten salt storage tanks. An optimal molten salt storage tank design layout is presented, as well as alternative designs for the storage tanks. In addition, the costs and corrosion effects of various molten salts are discussed in order to show the effects these considerations have on the design process.展开更多
In this paper a finite element thermal analysis model-using COMSOL-of a large molten salt container,80-foot in diameter and 46-foot high that includes a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for a futuristic 700...In this paper a finite element thermal analysis model-using COMSOL-of a large molten salt container,80-foot in diameter and 46-foot high that includes a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for a futuristic 700℃ design,which uses a highly stable chloride salt called SS700(SaltStream 700)that improves the efficiency of the tank when compared to the traditional 565℃.The FEA(finite element analysis)includes conductive and convective heat transfer analysis in the steel container,elliptic roof shell,the fiberglass insulation,and firebrick insulation,and includes thermal insulation designs to safeguard against energy losses at high temperatures.The underlying soil and the high temperature concrete foundation were analyzed by finite element using conductive heat transfer,however the area surrounding the soil surface around the bottom of the MS storage tank had convective heat transfer analysis included.The finite elements analyses presented are to verify the final fiberglass and firebrick insulation designs,which seeks to limit heat losses to a maximum of 250 W/m^(2) while being able to operate at a minimum external ambient temperature of-10℃.These results are also compared to previously calculated theoretical results.展开更多
Promoting the development of concentrating solar power(CSP)is critical to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Molten salt tanks are important thermal energy storage components in CSP systems.In this study,the...Promoting the development of concentrating solar power(CSP)is critical to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Molten salt tanks are important thermal energy storage components in CSP systems.In this study,the cold and hot tanks of a 100 MW CSP plant in China were used as modeling prototypes.The materials and geometric models were determined based on related specifications and engineering experience.Mechanical characteristics of the tanks under steady condition,including the deformation,stress distribution,and stress concentration,were simulated and calculated.Furthermore,the strength of the tank walls was evaluated.The findings can be used as a reference for designing the molten salt storage tank and reducing the risk during the operation.展开更多
In this paper a finite element structural analysis model—using COMSOL—of a large molten salt container,80 foot in diameter and 46 feet high that includes a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for a futuristic...In this paper a finite element structural analysis model—using COMSOL—of a large molten salt container,80 foot in diameter and 46 feet high that includes a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for a futuristic 700℃ design,which uses a highly stable chloride salt called SS700(SaltStream 700)that improves the efficiency of the tank when compared to the traditional 565℃.The resulting FEA(finite element analysis)computed the stresses induced in the tank,which includes the stresses that are due to the loading and due to the thermal expansion of the tank.A stress FEA model was developed using COMSOL Version 5.4 in order to determine the full thermal stress and total stress distribution of the 700℃ Cylindrical MS Storage Tank,as well as corresponding temperature distributions,which can be used to compare with the theoretical analysis and verify the final design.展开更多
熔盐蓄热是目前太阳能热发电中应用最广泛的蓄热技术.为了进一步研究高温熔盐储罐的安全性,采用API(The American Petroleum Institute)650标准中规定的变点设计法及其相关规定,对储盐量约为1.65×10^(4) m^(3)大型高温熔盐罐进行...熔盐蓄热是目前太阳能热发电中应用最广泛的蓄热技术.为了进一步研究高温熔盐储罐的安全性,采用API(The American Petroleum Institute)650标准中规定的变点设计法及其相关规定,对储盐量约为1.65×10^(4) m^(3)大型高温熔盐罐进行了结构设计;利用计算流体力学软件Fluent软件对大型高温熔盐储罐进行了温度场分布模拟,验证了储罐保温结构的合理性,得到了罐内熔盐及罐体内部温度场分布规律;通过有限元分析软件ABAQUS对大型高温熔盐储罐进行了静力分析;根据顺序耦合法,对大型高温熔盐储罐稳定工况下的热应力进行了模拟计算,确定了稳定工况时温度梯度对罐体结构应力的影响,并根据第三强度理论完成了储罐应力评价.展开更多
文摘In this paper a full theoretical thermal analysis of a large molten salt container,80-foot in diameter and 46-foot high,including a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for two temperatures,the standard 565℃ and a futuristic 700℃,which substantially improves the efficiency of the molten salt containers through the use of a highly stable chloride salt called SS700(SaltStream 700).The theoretical analysis includes conductive and convective heat transfer analysis in the steel container,elliptic roof shell,the fiberglass insulation,and firebrick insulation,and includes thermal insulation designs to safeguard against energy losses at high temperatures.The underlying soil and the high temperature concrete foundation were analyzed theoretically using conductive heat transfer,however the area surrounding the soil surface around the bottom of the molten salt storage tank had convective heat transfer analysis included.The final designs presented in this paper seek to limit heat losses to a maximum of 250 W/m^(2) while being able to operate at a minimum external ambient temperature of-10℃,which determines the thicknesses of the fiberglass and firebrick insulation.
文摘Excess energy from various sources can be stored in molten salts (MS) in the 565 °C range. Large containers can be used to store energy at excess temperatures in order to generate eight hours or more of electricity, depending on the container size, to be used during peak demand hours or at night for up to a week. Energy storage allows for a stable diurnal energy supply and can reduce the fluctuation due to weather conditions experienced at thermal solar power stations. Supported by Office of Naval Research (ONR), this paper discusses the design considerations for molten salt storage tanks. An optimal molten salt storage tank design layout is presented, as well as alternative designs for the storage tanks. In addition, the costs and corrosion effects of various molten salts are discussed in order to show the effects these considerations have on the design process.
文摘In this paper a finite element thermal analysis model-using COMSOL-of a large molten salt container,80-foot in diameter and 46-foot high that includes a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for a futuristic 700℃ design,which uses a highly stable chloride salt called SS700(SaltStream 700)that improves the efficiency of the tank when compared to the traditional 565℃.The FEA(finite element analysis)includes conductive and convective heat transfer analysis in the steel container,elliptic roof shell,the fiberglass insulation,and firebrick insulation,and includes thermal insulation designs to safeguard against energy losses at high temperatures.The underlying soil and the high temperature concrete foundation were analyzed by finite element using conductive heat transfer,however the area surrounding the soil surface around the bottom of the MS storage tank had convective heat transfer analysis included.The finite elements analyses presented are to verify the final fiberglass and firebrick insulation designs,which seeks to limit heat losses to a maximum of 250 W/m^(2) while being able to operate at a minimum external ambient temperature of-10℃.These results are also compared to previously calculated theoretical results.
文摘Promoting the development of concentrating solar power(CSP)is critical to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Molten salt tanks are important thermal energy storage components in CSP systems.In this study,the cold and hot tanks of a 100 MW CSP plant in China were used as modeling prototypes.The materials and geometric models were determined based on related specifications and engineering experience.Mechanical characteristics of the tanks under steady condition,including the deformation,stress distribution,and stress concentration,were simulated and calculated.Furthermore,the strength of the tank walls was evaluated.The findings can be used as a reference for designing the molten salt storage tank and reducing the risk during the operation.
文摘In this paper a finite element structural analysis model—using COMSOL—of a large molten salt container,80 foot in diameter and 46 feet high that includes a four-foot elliptic shell roof,is presented for a futuristic 700℃ design,which uses a highly stable chloride salt called SS700(SaltStream 700)that improves the efficiency of the tank when compared to the traditional 565℃.The resulting FEA(finite element analysis)computed the stresses induced in the tank,which includes the stresses that are due to the loading and due to the thermal expansion of the tank.A stress FEA model was developed using COMSOL Version 5.4 in order to determine the full thermal stress and total stress distribution of the 700℃ Cylindrical MS Storage Tank,as well as corresponding temperature distributions,which can be used to compare with the theoretical analysis and verify the final design.
文摘熔盐蓄热是目前太阳能热发电中应用最广泛的蓄热技术.为了进一步研究高温熔盐储罐的安全性,采用API(The American Petroleum Institute)650标准中规定的变点设计法及其相关规定,对储盐量约为1.65×10^(4) m^(3)大型高温熔盐罐进行了结构设计;利用计算流体力学软件Fluent软件对大型高温熔盐储罐进行了温度场分布模拟,验证了储罐保温结构的合理性,得到了罐内熔盐及罐体内部温度场分布规律;通过有限元分析软件ABAQUS对大型高温熔盐储罐进行了静力分析;根据顺序耦合法,对大型高温熔盐储罐稳定工况下的热应力进行了模拟计算,确定了稳定工况时温度梯度对罐体结构应力的影响,并根据第三强度理论完成了储罐应力评价.
