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CT examination, clinical situation and experimental characteristics of infants with intracranial hemorrhage induced by delayed vitamin K deficiency
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作者 Zhiqing Lin1, Feng Fang1, Min Chen2, Guoxiang Cai3 1Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China 2Department of Pediatrics, 3Department of Radiation Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian Province, China 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第9期801-805,共5页
BACKGROUND: Delayed vitamin K deficiency is characterized by acute onset, severe illness and high fatality rate. 33%-50% survivors accompany with other various nervous system sequelas. Therefore, diagnosis and treatme... BACKGROUND: Delayed vitamin K deficiency is characterized by acute onset, severe illness and high fatality rate. 33%-50% survivors accompany with other various nervous system sequelas. Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of intracranial hemorrhage in time become a key factor for improving healing rate and reducing fatality rate and incidence of sequela. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical situation, experimental characteristics, CT examination and terminative characteristics of infants with intracranial hemorrhage induced by delayed vitamin K deficiency. DESIGN: Case analysis. SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 17 infants with intracranial hemorrhage induced by delayed vitamin K deficiency aged 1-3 months including 11 boys and 6 girls were selected from Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from January 1994 to December 2005. All infants had drowsiness, rejective milk, spiting milk, gaze of both eyes, tic, coma, full anterior fontanelle, high muscular tension and cerebral hernia, etc. Experimental examination demonstrated that infants had anemia at various degrees; prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were prolonged; platelet count was normal. CT examination indicated that screenages of subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, cerebral parenchyma hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrage were changed. Hemorrhage was stopped by the application of vitamin K. All patients provided informed consent. METHODS: ① Clinical situation and physical sign of infants were observed after hospitalization and scanned with rapid spiral CT scanning system. The thickness and average space of layers were 8-10 mm and the scanning time was 5 s with window width of 30-80 Hu and window position of 28-35 Hu. ② After hospitalization, four items of blood coagulation was measured with Futura meter and biochemical indexes of blood, such as serum calcium, serum alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin, were detected with Roche Modular PPI automatic biochemistry analyzer. ③ After hospitalization, infants were given 5-10 mg vitamin K1 for 3-5 days, and then, they were transfused with 10-15 mL/kg fresh plasma or whole blood for 1-3 times and received other relative therapies. Therapeutic effects were evaluated based on clinical diagnosis and criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Clinical situation, physical sign and CT examination; ② results of experimental examination; ③ treatment and termination. RESULTS: A total of 17 infants with intracranial hemorrhage were involved in the final analysis. ① Clinical situation, physical sign and CT examination: All infants had pale facial expression and full or bossing anterior fontanelle. Among them, 13 infants had drowsiness or dysphoria, 12 rejective milk or emesis, 11 tic, 13 injection site hemorrhage, 2 gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 3 cerebral hernia, 11 high muscular tension and 6 cervical rigidity. CT examination demonstrated that most infants (88%, 15/17) had subarachnoid hemorrhage; 10 (59%, 10/17) had subdural hematoma; 8 (47%, 8/17) had cerebral parenchyma hemorrhage; few had intraventricular hemorrhage. In addition, results of CT examination also indicated that 17 infants had intracranial hemorrhage. Hemorrhage sites of 12 infants were equal to or more than 2, which was accounted for 70% (12/17); meanwhile, partial cases accompanied with a large area of focus of cerebral infarction or cerebral hypoxia-ischemia lesion. ② Results of experimental examination: There were 6 infants with elongation of prothrombin time, 5 with partial elongation of prothrombin time, 4 with decrease of serum calcium (1.69-2.25 mmol/L), 3 with increase of serum alkaline phosphatase, 3 with increase of total bilirubin, 3 with increase of direct bilirubin, and 3 with increase of indirect bilirubin. ③ Treatment and termination: After treatment, 12 infants were cured well, 3 improved, 1 given up and 1 died. Later, ten infants received CT re-examination at 3 months after treatment. The results indicated that 3 infants had simple subarachnoid hemorrhage and 4 had subarachnoid hemorrhage accompanying with subdural hematoma. Their focuses were absorbed well and not show as obvious sequela. One infant had subdural hematoma accompanying with subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral parenchyma hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrage and cerebral hypoxia ischemia, and then, after hematom absorption, obvious cerebral malacia focus, hydrocephalus, brain atrophy and inferior accumulating fluid of dura mater were observed; 2 had subdural hematoma accompanying with subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral hypoxia ischemia, and then, after bleeding absorption, brain atrophy was changed remarkably; changes of hydrocephalus were observed in one infant. CONCLUSION: ① Symptoms of pale facial expression, full or bossing anterior fontanelle, drowsiness and dysphoria are observed in infants with delayed vitamin K deficiency . ② Experimental indexes demonstrate that prothrombin time and partial prothrombin time are prolonged, and numbers of infants having decrease of serum calcium are in the third place. ③ Poly-intracranial hemorrhage is a notable characteristic of CT examination. Partial infants who have poly-intracranial hemorrhage always accompany with cerebral hypoxia-ischemia lesion or cerebral infarction. Clinical situation and prognosis of infants who have a large area of intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral hypoxia-ischemia changes are poor; however, those of infants who have simple subarachnoid hemorrhage or combination of subarachnoid hemorrhage with subdural hematoma are well. ④ Effect of vitamin K on this kind of disease is well. 展开更多
关键词 clinical situation and experimental characteristics of infants with intracranial hemorrhage induced by delayed vitamin K deficiency CT examination
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Optical super-resolution effect induced by nonlinear characteristics of graphene oxide films 被引量:2
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作者 赵永创 聂仲泉 +4 位作者 翟爱平 田彦婷 刘超 史长坤 贾宝华 《Optoelectronics Letters》 EI 2018年第1期21-24,共4页
In this work, we focus on the optical super-resolution effect induced by strong nonlinear saturation absorption(NSA) of graphene oxide(GO) membranes. The third-order optical nonlinearities are characterized by the can... In this work, we focus on the optical super-resolution effect induced by strong nonlinear saturation absorption(NSA) of graphene oxide(GO) membranes. The third-order optical nonlinearities are characterized by the canonical Z-scan technique under femtosecond laser(wavelength: 800 nm, pulse width: 100 fs) excitation. Through controlling the applied femtosecond laser energy, NSA of the GO films can be tuned continuously. The GO film is placed at the focal plane as a unique amplitude filter to improve the resolution of the focused field. A multi-layer system model is proposed to present the generation of a deep sub-wavelength spot associated with the nonlinearity of GO films. Moreover, the parameter conditions to achieve the best resolution(~λ/6) are determined entirely. The demonstrated results here are useful for high density optical recoding and storage, nanolithography, and super-resolution optical imaging. 展开更多
关键词 GO Optical super-resolution effect induced by nonlinear characteristics of graphene oxide films NSA
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The changes of holographic characteristics of photopolymer induced by temperature 被引量:1
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作者 黄明举 姚华文 +2 位作者 陈仲裕 侯立松 干福熹 《Chinese Optics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第1期41-43,共3页
The changes of holographic characteristics of photopolymer induced by temperature are studied experi-mentally. The results show that the exposure sensitivity increases with the increase of temperature. Themaximum diff... The changes of holographic characteristics of photopolymer induced by temperature are studied experi-mentally. The results show that the exposure sensitivity increases with the increase of temperature. Themaximum diffraction efficiency and the final maximum diffraction efficiency increase with the increaseof temperature when the temperature is lower than Tg (glass transition temperature), while they decreasewith the increase of temperature when the temperature is higher than Tg. The effect of the change oftemperature on the saturation refractive index modulation is very weak. 展开更多
关键词 of in as it is The changes of holographic characteristics of photopolymer induced by temperature that SRIM were THAN with by
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