Impact of an official accountability audit on industrial structure adjustment:a case study of environmental regulation in China

As a unique environmental regulation in China,the official accountability audit was piloted in 2014.With a focus on prioritizing the ecological environment,officials in pilot districts have implemented economic construction,adjusted industrial structures,and promoted coordinated development between the economy and environment.The effects of implementation have garnered widespread attention from society.However,there is limited research on the impact of an accountability audit on industrial structure adjustments.Using the“Accountability Audit of Officials for Natural Resource Assets(Trial)”released in 2015 as a quasi-natural experiment,this study collected panel data from 279 cities between 2013 and 2017.It then empirically analyzed the impact mechanism and effects of the accountability audit on industrial structure adjustment using the Propensity Score Matching and Difference-in-Differences model.The research findings indicate that the accountability audit directly impacted industrial structure adjustment,promoting the upgrading of the primary industry to the secondary industry and restricting the development of the tertiary industry.In addition,the audit is beneficial for enterprise entry,but not conducive to technological innovation,and has no significant impact on foreign direct investment.This conclusion fills a gap in the existing research and provides valuable insights for policymakers.

Assessment on Different Schemes of Industrial Structure Adjustment Based on DEA

DEA is a new research field in operations research. It has unique virtues in dealing with assessment problem with multi-inputs especially multi-outputs. In this paper, DEA model of D?着C2R has been applied to evaluate the relative efficiency of several different schemes of industrial structure adjustment of agriculture and finally select the optimal scheme. Furthermore, the inferior scheme has been improved according to some useful insights got from DEA model.

Evaluation and Selection of the Optimal Scheme of Industrial Structure Adjustment Based on DEA

in the paper, the advanced assessment method of DEA （Date Envelopment Analysis） had been used to evaluate relative efficiency and select the optimal scheme of agricultural industrial structure adjustment. According to the results of DEA models, we analyzed scale benefits of every optional schemes, probed deeply the ultimate reason for not DEA efficient, which clarified the method and approach to improve these optional schemes. Finally, a new method had been proposed to rank and select the optimal scheme. The research is significant to direct the practice of the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure.

ADJUSTMENT IN CHINA'S INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE AND ITS FOREIGN TRADE

Of its total export volume,the proportion of China’s new andhigh technology products and highvalue-added products is extremelylow. Its pure technological exportrate is only 2 percent of the total.Therefore,along with thetransformation of the mode ofgrowth of China’s nationaleconomy, a corresponding growthmode transformation should takeplace in its foreign trade sector,and it is necessary to achieve asignificant change in its importand export product mix.

Agricultural Production Structure Adjustment Scheme Evaluation and Selection Based on DEA Model for Punjab(Pakistan)

DEA is a nonparametric method used in operation researches and economics fields for the evaluation of the production frontier. It has distinct intrinsic which is worth coping with assessment problems with multiple inputs in particular with multiple outputs. This paper used D~ C2 R model of DEA to assess the comparative efficiency of the multiple schemes of agricultural industrial structure, at the end we chose the most favorable also known as ＂OPTIMAL＂ scheme. In addition to this, using some functional insights from DEA model non optimal schemes or less optimal schemes had also been improved to some extent. Assessment and selection of optimal schemes of agricultural industrial structure using DEA model gave a greater and better insight of agricultural industrial structure and was the first of such researches in Pakistan.

Optimal Scheme Selection of Agricultural Production Structure Adjustment——Based on DEA Model; Punjab(Pakistan)

This paper used the modern evaluation method of DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis） to assess the comparative efficiency and then on the basis of this among multiple schemes chose the optimal scheme of agricultural production structure adjustment. Based on the results of DEA model, we dissected scale advantages of each discretionary scheme or plan. We examined scale advantages of each discretionary scheme, tested profoundly a definitive purpose behind not-DEA efficient, which elucidated the system and methodology to enhance these discretionary plans. At the end, another method had been proposed to rank and select the optimal scheme. The research was important to guide the practice if the modification of agricultural production industrial structure was carded on.

Fourth Industrial Revolution:Technological Drivers,Impacts and Coping Methods

The world is marching into a new development period when the digital technology,physical technology,and biological technology have achieved an unprecedented development respectively in their own fields,and at the same time their applications are converging greatly.These are the three major technological drivers for the Fourth Industrial Revolution.This paper discusses the specific technology niches of each kind technological driver behind the Fourth Industrial Revolution,and then evaluates impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on global industrial,economic,and social development.At last this paper proposes possible measures and policies for both firms and governments to cope with the changes brought by the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

The Establishment of Performance Evaluation Index Based on Enterprise Structure Adjustment

This paper mainly makes a performance evaluation for the industrial structure adjustment of the industrial enterprises, establishing a set of evaluation index system. It uses the mathematics statistics knowledge and management knowledge to establish a scientific and operable performance evaluation model for the industrial structure adjustment of the industrial enterprises. Based on the model, it can make a performance evaluation for the internal industrial structure adjustment of the industrial enterprises and also it can evaluate the performance of the industrial structure adjustu^ent of different industries.

Regional Virtual Water Trade Strategy in Drought Area in China

[Objective]The aim was to analyze the virtual water trade in drought area in China.[Method]Taking agricultural production which was related to water resources as study object and by dint of opportunity cost and comparative advantage theory,water resources have been included into a series of state macro-objective models,such as economic growth,crops safety,and increase of people’s well-fare.Virtual water resource strategy was verified effectively and relevant suggestions on virtual water trade in the drought areas in China were proposed.[Result]Virtual water strategy can be implemented in places where water resource was limited so as to get low-water-demand products and change products with humid areas.But the premise was that the production technology of watery product in humid area was higher than the limited-water area,so that there can be adequate impetus to involve into virtual water strategy program and enhance each other’s benefits through commerce and ease water resources shortage and ecological destruction problem and stimulated economic development.[Conclusion] The study provided scientific basis to solve the water shortage problem in China.

Carbon Emission Trends of Manufacturing and Influencing Factors in Jilin Province,China

This paper constructed a carbon emission identity based on five factors： industrial activity, industrial structure, energy inten- sity, energy mix and carbon emission parameter, and analyzed manufacturing carbon emission trends in Jilin Province at subdivided industrial level through Log-Mean Divisia Index （LMDI） method. Results showed that manufacturing carbon emissions of Jilin Province increased 1.304 ~ 107t by 66% between 2004 and 2010. However, 2012 was a remarkable year in which carbon emissions decreased compared with 2011, the first fall since 2004. Industrial activity was the most important factor for the increase of carbon emissions, while energy intensity had the greatest impact on inhibiting carbon emission growth. Despite the impact of industrial structure on carbon emissions fluctuated, its overall trend inhibited carbon emission growth. Further, influences of industrial structure became gradually stronger and surpassed energy intensity in the period 2009-2010. These results conclude that reducing energy intensity is still the main way for carbon emission reduction in Jilin Province, hut industrial structure can not be ignored and it has great potential. Based on the analyses, the way of manufacturing industrial structure adjustment for Jilin Province is put forward.

Local Governments’ Tax Competition, Industrial Structure Adjustment and Regional Green Development in China

Based on the inter-provincial panel data from 200 to 2014 in China,this paperapplies the spatial panel simultaneousequations model to test the impact of localgovermments'tax competition and industrial structure adjustment on the regionalgreen development in China.The conclusions are as follows.Local govermments'tax competition and industrial development have a negative impact on greendevelopment.Tax competition and industrialization in the neighboring regions willalso suppress local green development through the negative incentives of"race to thebottom",Evidently,regulating the tax competition behavior of the local governmentand rationally guiding the upgrading of local industrial structure have importantpolicy implications for the high-quality growth of China's regional economy and thegreen,coordinated development between regions in the new era.

Air pollution effects of industrial transformation in the Yangtze River Delta from the perspective of spatial spillover

The Yangtze River Delta(YRD) is a region in China with a serious contradiction between economic growth and environmental pollution. Exploring the spatiotemporal effects and influencing factors of air pollution in the region is highly important for formulating policies to promote the high-quality development of urban industries. This study uses the spatial Durbin model(SDM) to analyze the local direct and spatial spillover effects of industrial transformation on air pollution and quantifies the contribution of each factor. From 2008 to 2018, there was a significant spatial agglomeration of industrial sulfur dioxide emissions(ISDE) in the YRD, and every 1% increase in ISDE led to a synchronous increase of 0.603% in the ISDE in adjacent cities. The industrial scale index(ISCI) and industrial structure index(ISTI), as the core factors of industrial transformation, significantly affect the emissions of sulfur dioxide in the YRD, and the elastic coefficients are 0.677 and-0.368, respectively. The order of the direct effect of the explanatory variables on local ISDE is ISCI>ISTI>foreign direct investment(FDI)>enterprise technological innovation(ETI)>environmental regulation(ER)> per capita GDP(PGDP). Similarly, the order of the spatial spillover effect of all variables on ISDE in adjacent cities is ISCI>PGDP>FDI>ETI>ISTI>ER, and the coefficients of the ISCI and ISTI are 1.531 and 0.113, respectively. This study contributes to the existing research that verifies the environmental Kuznets curve in the YRD, denies the pollution heaven hypothesis, indicates the Porter hypothesis, and provides empirical evidence for the formation mechanism of regional environmental pollution from a spatial spillover perspective.