There is substantial public concern about the health risks of proximity to petrochemical industries.In the Haifa Bay Area(HBA),which contains Israel’s densest industrial area,these concerns have been strengthened by ...There is substantial public concern about the health risks of proximity to petrochemical industries.In the Haifa Bay Area(HBA),which contains Israel’s densest industrial area,these concerns have been strengthened by elevated cancer mortality rates since the late 1960s.We studied the association between adolescent exposure to industrial air pollution in the HBA and adult-onset cancer.This is a historical cohort study.The study population comprised 2,187,317 subjects,using the Israeli medical corps data linked to the Israel National Cancer Registry with follow-up of up to 45 years.Exposure assessments were estimated by a spatial kriging interpolation model of SO2,serving as a marker for the dispersion of air pollution emitted from the complex during the study period.We found increased crude(HR=1.23,95%CI=1.17 to 1.29)and adjusted(HR=1.16,95%CI=1.10 to 1.21)risk of cancer with increased exposure to air pollution in HBA.The associations remained robust in analyses stratified by decade and socio-economic status.We found evidence of monotonically increased risk in five of 13 cancer categories(leukemia,melanoma,female breast,central nervous system,and thyroid tumors).Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that this exposure posed a carcinogenic risk during the study period.展开更多
China＇s rapid economic growth poses serious concerns over environmental degradation, especially in the context of higher pollution levels resulting from unprecedented industrial activity. It is commonly held that gov...China＇s rapid economic growth poses serious concerns over environmental degradation, especially in the context of higher pollution levels resulting from unprecedented industrial activity. It is commonly held that government policies are effective in the form of investment in pollution control and the imposition of a discharge fee on industrial units for the purpose of safety of environmental quality. In this study, we find that government policies do not prove to be successful in controlling air pollution in comparison to water pollution. Furthermore, air pollution is increasing, while water pollution is following a stable, decreasing curve. Hence, some reforms need to be implemented in government policies, particularly those concerning the effectiveness of investment in environmental protection and improving managerial skills in industry.展开更多
文摘There is substantial public concern about the health risks of proximity to petrochemical industries.In the Haifa Bay Area(HBA),which contains Israel’s densest industrial area,these concerns have been strengthened by elevated cancer mortality rates since the late 1960s.We studied the association between adolescent exposure to industrial air pollution in the HBA and adult-onset cancer.This is a historical cohort study.The study population comprised 2,187,317 subjects,using the Israeli medical corps data linked to the Israel National Cancer Registry with follow-up of up to 45 years.Exposure assessments were estimated by a spatial kriging interpolation model of SO2,serving as a marker for the dispersion of air pollution emitted from the complex during the study period.We found increased crude(HR=1.23,95%CI=1.17 to 1.29)and adjusted(HR=1.16,95%CI=1.10 to 1.21)risk of cancer with increased exposure to air pollution in HBA.The associations remained robust in analyses stratified by decade and socio-economic status.We found evidence of monotonically increased risk in five of 13 cancer categories(leukemia,melanoma,female breast,central nervous system,and thyroid tumors).Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that this exposure posed a carcinogenic risk during the study period.
文摘China＇s rapid economic growth poses serious concerns over environmental degradation, especially in the context of higher pollution levels resulting from unprecedented industrial activity. It is commonly held that government policies are effective in the form of investment in pollution control and the imposition of a discharge fee on industrial units for the purpose of safety of environmental quality. In this study, we find that government policies do not prove to be successful in controlling air pollution in comparison to water pollution. Furthermore, air pollution is increasing, while water pollution is following a stable, decreasing curve. Hence, some reforms need to be implemented in government policies, particularly those concerning the effectiveness of investment in environmental protection and improving managerial skills in industry.
