Mathematics is considered by many students as a difficult academic subject. To improve their performance, various learning strategies are employed by teachers abandoning the conventional method. This study focused on ...Mathematics is considered by many students as a difficult academic subject. To improve their performance, various learning strategies are employed by teachers abandoning the conventional method. This study focused on the cooperative learning as a method to enhance level of performance of grade 10 mathematics students in the Philippines. It looked into the method and how it influenced students’ performance. By using a quasi-experimental research method, the following results are generated: 1) the method positively improved the performance in mathematics of the control and experimental groups;2) while effectiveness assessment showed a highly effective result;and 3) the application of the method showed a positive impact on the participants as shown by their positive perception of the subject mathematics.展开更多
In the banking system, a context characterized by growing instability and by the speed of evolution of business dynamics, the system of corporate governance plays a key role, both for large banks and for banks with a ...In the banking system, a context characterized by growing instability and by the speed of evolution of business dynamics, the system of corporate governance plays a key role, both for large banks and for banks with a smaller size. The paper aims to investigate the influence of corporate governance of the banks that operate in the cooperative credit system on performance and quality of loans, over the years 2010-2011-2012. In order to achieve this aim, the following research hypotheses have been formulated: There is a statistically significant relationship between the size and the structure of the board and banks Performance operating in the cooperative credit system; there is a statistically significant relationship between the size and structure of the board and the credit quality of banks operating in the cooperative credit system. The analysis is conducted on a sample composed of 48 Italian banks, divided into 24 cooperative banks and 24 popular banks. The sample is made up of banks from all over Italy and very different in terms of dimension. For the sample construction, data relative to governance of banks were collected from the balance sheets in the period from June to August 2014. Financial-economic data were collected from the Financial Statements and from Bankscope database. The methodology of analysis is based on multivariate OLS (ordinary least squares) regression models. The main results refer to the presence of significant relationships between board dimension and the quality of loans and among the number of committees and performance and the quality of loans. The presence of a significant and negative relationship between the board dimension and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans indicates the possibility that enlargement of board dimension allows a better quality of loans. The presence of a positive relationship between the number of committees and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans signals the possibility that a greater number of committees can produce a worse quality of loans. The presence of a negative relationship between the number of committees and bank performance suggests to limit and manage the complexity of governance in banks operating in the cooperative credit system.展开更多
In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders'...In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders' age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder's performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.展开更多
On the basis of questionnaire survey results of 100 agricultural cooperative economic organizations in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,this article uses the structural equation modeling as analysis tool to conduct empiric...On the basis of questionnaire survey results of 100 agricultural cooperative economic organizations in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,this article uses the structural equation modeling as analysis tool to conduct empirical analysis of the governance structure and performance of agricultural cooperative economic organizations. The results show that the ownership structure has the most critical impact on the performance of cooperative organizations,and the impact coefficient is as high as 0.92; the importance of oversight mechanism is basically equivalent to that of the council structure for cooperative organizations,and the impact coefficient is 0.87 and 0.86,respectively,second only to the ownership structure; the size of members' quit capacity also has a very important impact on the performance of organizations,with impact coefficient of 0.74. Thus,the problems influencing the performance of organizations,in the current governance structure of agricultural cooperative economic organizations in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,are pointed out. Finally,corresponding countermeasures are put forward.展开更多
AIM To establish the Karnofsky performance status(KPS) categories which would facilitate the interconversion of the KPS scale to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) performance status(PS) scale.METHODS This w...AIM To establish the Karnofsky performance status(KPS) categories which would facilitate the interconversion of the KPS scale to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) performance status(PS) scale.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of all patients attending the lung cancer clinic at a tertiary care center over a 5-year period(September 2009 to August 2014). All patients were assessed with both KPS and ECOG PS scales at each visit. Correlation between KPS and ECOG PS was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. KPS categories equivalent to ECOG PS scores were compared using hit rate and weighted kappa(κw).RESULTS A total of 1501 patients were assessed over the study period, providing 5844 paired KPS and ECOG PS assessments. The study cohort had a mean(standard deviation; SD) age of 58.4(10.8) years, with the majority being current or ex-smokers(76.9%) and males(82.3%). Non-small cell lung cancer was the most common histological type(n = 1196, 79.7%) with the majority having advanced(stage ⅢB/Ⅳ) disease(83.4%). Mean baseline KPS and ECOG PS scores were 77.6(SD = 14.4) and 1.5(SD = 1) respectively. The most frequent KPS score was 80(29%), and the most frequent ECOG PS score was 1(43%). The overall correlation between KPS and ECOG PS was good(Spearman r =-0.84, P < 0.0001) but ranged from-0.727 to-0.972 between visits. KPS categories derived from our cohort [10-40(ECOG 4), 50-60(ECOG 3), 70(ECOG 2), 80-90(ECOG 1), 100(ECOG 0)] performed better [hit rate 78.1%, κw = 0.749(0.736-0.762) P < 0.0001] than those suggested in the past literature.CONCLUSION The current study provides the largest set of paired KPS-ECOG assessments to date. We suggest that the KPS categories 10-40, 50-60, 70, 80-90, and 100 are equivalent to ECOG PS categories of 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0 respectively.展开更多
The study focuses on assessing the financial management practices and accounting mechanisms in agricultural cooperatives in Tulsipur Sub-Metropolitan,Dang District,Nepal with a focus on understanding their implication...The study focuses on assessing the financial management practices and accounting mechanisms in agricultural cooperatives in Tulsipur Sub-Metropolitan,Dang District,Nepal with a focus on understanding their implications for financial performance and organizational effectiveness.The sample size of total cooperatives(n=46)was divided into Savings and Credit Cooperatives(n=18)and Multipurpose Cooperatives(n=28),respectively,with a total number of respondents(n=138)categorized into managing directors,employees,and general members.Using a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative analysis of financial data with qualitative insights gathered through interviews and surveys,the study emphasizes the importance of modern financial practices,improved reporting mechanisms,and relevant staff training for long-term sustainability.Recommendations include the integration of criteria and evaluation tools to assess cooperative performance,with Hamro Pahunch Multipurpose Cooperative identified as a high performer.Emphasizing the need for robust financial management strategies to navigate the complexity of the agricultural sector,manage risks,and achieve sustainable development,the study notes frequent preparation of financial management reports on a monthly and annual basis,and predominantly annual accounting management.Most cooperatives are using computerized models to present financial positions,but face challenges such as lack of marketing infrastructure,cooperative skills,and technical support.Ultimately,the study advocates for educating policy makers,cooperative leaders,practitioners and stakeholders on the role of effective financial management and accounting in enhancing the resilience,expansion and socio-economic impact of agricultural cooperatives,thereby fostering their long-term prosperity and viability as drivers of rural development and empowerment.展开更多
Single-relay selection techniques based on themax-min criterion can achieve the highest bit error rate(BER)performance with full diversity gain as compared to the state-of-the-art single-relay selection techniques.The...Single-relay selection techniques based on themax-min criterion can achieve the highest bit error rate(BER)performance with full diversity gain as compared to the state-of-the-art single-relay selection techniques.Therefore,in this work,we propose a modified max-min criterion by considering the differences among the close value channels of all relays while selecting the best relay node.The proposed criterion not only enjoys full diversity gain but also offers a significant improvement in the achievable coding gain as compared to the conventional one.Basically,in this article,an improved bi-directional three-phase single-relay selection technique using the decodeand-forward protocol for wireless cooperative communication networks that enhances the overall network performance in terms of BER is proposed and its performance is proved analytically and through Monte-Carlo simulations.More specifically,the proposed criterion is first used to select the best relaynode.After that the selected relay-node forwards the information symbols of the communicating terminals after performing a digital network coding to minimize power consumptions.In our simulations,we show that our proposed technique outperforms the best-known single relay selection techniques.Furthermore,we prove that the BER results obtained from our conducted simulations perfectly match those obtained from the theoretical analysis.展开更多
Performance, from management's perspective, is the desired result of organization, the effective output showed on different levels by the organization to achieve its objectives, including individual performance and o...Performance, from management's perspective, is the desired result of organization, the effective output showed on different levels by the organization to achieve its objectives, including individual performance and organizational performance. The achievement of the organizational performance should be on the basis of individual performance, while the realization of individual performance does not necessarily ensure the organizational performance. If, according to certain logic, the organization's performance is decomposed to each job and each person, as long as each individual reaches the organization's requirements, can the organization's performance realized.展开更多
激发创新主体活力,是知识经济时代提升国家创新体系整体效能和建设世界科技强国的重要内容。学术人才流动作为高校间人才竞争的表现形式,能否带来基础研究创新产出的提升以及相应的作用机制尚待明确。基于Web of Science数据库2008—201...激发创新主体活力,是知识经济时代提升国家创新体系整体效能和建设世界科技强国的重要内容。学术人才流动作为高校间人才竞争的表现形式,能否带来基础研究创新产出的提升以及相应的作用机制尚待明确。基于Web of Science数据库2008—2018年中国高校发表的论文数据,使用固定效应模型和工具变量方法从学术人才流动的视角回答如何提升基础研究科研效率这一问题。研究发现,高校人才流动能够促进知识溢出,从而提升高校基础研究产出效率。机制分析表明,高校之间的人才流动通过研究人员合作论文数量的增加以及流入学者与高校之间更好的匹配来实现高校科研效率的提升。异质性分析表明,高校人才流入对基础研究创新产出的影响在社会科学领域以及人才流向东部高校中更为显著。研究结论为现阶段如何提升基础研究产出效率、释放学术人才红利提供参考。展开更多
文摘Mathematics is considered by many students as a difficult academic subject. To improve their performance, various learning strategies are employed by teachers abandoning the conventional method. This study focused on the cooperative learning as a method to enhance level of performance of grade 10 mathematics students in the Philippines. It looked into the method and how it influenced students’ performance. By using a quasi-experimental research method, the following results are generated: 1) the method positively improved the performance in mathematics of the control and experimental groups;2) while effectiveness assessment showed a highly effective result;and 3) the application of the method showed a positive impact on the participants as shown by their positive perception of the subject mathematics.
文摘In the banking system, a context characterized by growing instability and by the speed of evolution of business dynamics, the system of corporate governance plays a key role, both for large banks and for banks with a smaller size. The paper aims to investigate the influence of corporate governance of the banks that operate in the cooperative credit system on performance and quality of loans, over the years 2010-2011-2012. In order to achieve this aim, the following research hypotheses have been formulated: There is a statistically significant relationship between the size and the structure of the board and banks Performance operating in the cooperative credit system; there is a statistically significant relationship between the size and structure of the board and the credit quality of banks operating in the cooperative credit system. The analysis is conducted on a sample composed of 48 Italian banks, divided into 24 cooperative banks and 24 popular banks. The sample is made up of banks from all over Italy and very different in terms of dimension. For the sample construction, data relative to governance of banks were collected from the balance sheets in the period from June to August 2014. Financial-economic data were collected from the Financial Statements and from Bankscope database. The methodology of analysis is based on multivariate OLS (ordinary least squares) regression models. The main results refer to the presence of significant relationships between board dimension and the quality of loans and among the number of committees and performance and the quality of loans. The presence of a significant and negative relationship between the board dimension and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans indicates the possibility that enlargement of board dimension allows a better quality of loans. The presence of a positive relationship between the number of committees and the ratio of impaired loans to gross loans signals the possibility that a greater number of committees can produce a worse quality of loans. The presence of a negative relationship between the number of committees and bank performance suggests to limit and manage the complexity of governance in banks operating in the cooperative credit system.
文摘In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders' age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder's performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.
文摘On the basis of questionnaire survey results of 100 agricultural cooperative economic organizations in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,this article uses the structural equation modeling as analysis tool to conduct empirical analysis of the governance structure and performance of agricultural cooperative economic organizations. The results show that the ownership structure has the most critical impact on the performance of cooperative organizations,and the impact coefficient is as high as 0.92; the importance of oversight mechanism is basically equivalent to that of the council structure for cooperative organizations,and the impact coefficient is 0.87 and 0.86,respectively,second only to the ownership structure; the size of members' quit capacity also has a very important impact on the performance of organizations,with impact coefficient of 0.74. Thus,the problems influencing the performance of organizations,in the current governance structure of agricultural cooperative economic organizations in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,are pointed out. Finally,corresponding countermeasures are put forward.
文摘AIM To establish the Karnofsky performance status(KPS) categories which would facilitate the interconversion of the KPS scale to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) performance status(PS) scale.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of all patients attending the lung cancer clinic at a tertiary care center over a 5-year period(September 2009 to August 2014). All patients were assessed with both KPS and ECOG PS scales at each visit. Correlation between KPS and ECOG PS was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. KPS categories equivalent to ECOG PS scores were compared using hit rate and weighted kappa(κw).RESULTS A total of 1501 patients were assessed over the study period, providing 5844 paired KPS and ECOG PS assessments. The study cohort had a mean(standard deviation; SD) age of 58.4(10.8) years, with the majority being current or ex-smokers(76.9%) and males(82.3%). Non-small cell lung cancer was the most common histological type(n = 1196, 79.7%) with the majority having advanced(stage ⅢB/Ⅳ) disease(83.4%). Mean baseline KPS and ECOG PS scores were 77.6(SD = 14.4) and 1.5(SD = 1) respectively. The most frequent KPS score was 80(29%), and the most frequent ECOG PS score was 1(43%). The overall correlation between KPS and ECOG PS was good(Spearman r =-0.84, P < 0.0001) but ranged from-0.727 to-0.972 between visits. KPS categories derived from our cohort [10-40(ECOG 4), 50-60(ECOG 3), 70(ECOG 2), 80-90(ECOG 1), 100(ECOG 0)] performed better [hit rate 78.1%, κw = 0.749(0.736-0.762) P < 0.0001] than those suggested in the past literature.CONCLUSION The current study provides the largest set of paired KPS-ECOG assessments to date. We suggest that the KPS categories 10-40, 50-60, 70, 80-90, and 100 are equivalent to ECOG PS categories of 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0 respectively.
文摘The study focuses on assessing the financial management practices and accounting mechanisms in agricultural cooperatives in Tulsipur Sub-Metropolitan,Dang District,Nepal with a focus on understanding their implications for financial performance and organizational effectiveness.The sample size of total cooperatives(n=46)was divided into Savings and Credit Cooperatives(n=18)and Multipurpose Cooperatives(n=28),respectively,with a total number of respondents(n=138)categorized into managing directors,employees,and general members.Using a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative analysis of financial data with qualitative insights gathered through interviews and surveys,the study emphasizes the importance of modern financial practices,improved reporting mechanisms,and relevant staff training for long-term sustainability.Recommendations include the integration of criteria and evaluation tools to assess cooperative performance,with Hamro Pahunch Multipurpose Cooperative identified as a high performer.Emphasizing the need for robust financial management strategies to navigate the complexity of the agricultural sector,manage risks,and achieve sustainable development,the study notes frequent preparation of financial management reports on a monthly and annual basis,and predominantly annual accounting management.Most cooperatives are using computerized models to present financial positions,but face challenges such as lack of marketing infrastructure,cooperative skills,and technical support.Ultimately,the study advocates for educating policy makers,cooperative leaders,practitioners and stakeholders on the role of effective financial management and accounting in enhancing the resilience,expansion and socio-economic impact of agricultural cooperatives,thereby fostering their long-term prosperity and viability as drivers of rural development and empowerment.
基金This work was supported by College of Engineering and Technology,the American University of the Middle East,Kuwait.Homepage:https://www.aum.edu.kw.
文摘Single-relay selection techniques based on themax-min criterion can achieve the highest bit error rate(BER)performance with full diversity gain as compared to the state-of-the-art single-relay selection techniques.Therefore,in this work,we propose a modified max-min criterion by considering the differences among the close value channels of all relays while selecting the best relay node.The proposed criterion not only enjoys full diversity gain but also offers a significant improvement in the achievable coding gain as compared to the conventional one.Basically,in this article,an improved bi-directional three-phase single-relay selection technique using the decodeand-forward protocol for wireless cooperative communication networks that enhances the overall network performance in terms of BER is proposed and its performance is proved analytically and through Monte-Carlo simulations.More specifically,the proposed criterion is first used to select the best relaynode.After that the selected relay-node forwards the information symbols of the communicating terminals after performing a digital network coding to minimize power consumptions.In our simulations,we show that our proposed technique outperforms the best-known single relay selection techniques.Furthermore,we prove that the BER results obtained from our conducted simulations perfectly match those obtained from the theoretical analysis.
文摘Performance, from management's perspective, is the desired result of organization, the effective output showed on different levels by the organization to achieve its objectives, including individual performance and organizational performance. The achievement of the organizational performance should be on the basis of individual performance, while the realization of individual performance does not necessarily ensure the organizational performance. If, according to certain logic, the organization's performance is decomposed to each job and each person, as long as each individual reaches the organization's requirements, can the organization's performance realized.
文摘激发创新主体活力,是知识经济时代提升国家创新体系整体效能和建设世界科技强国的重要内容。学术人才流动作为高校间人才竞争的表现形式,能否带来基础研究创新产出的提升以及相应的作用机制尚待明确。基于Web of Science数据库2008—2018年中国高校发表的论文数据,使用固定效应模型和工具变量方法从学术人才流动的视角回答如何提升基础研究科研效率这一问题。研究发现,高校人才流动能够促进知识溢出,从而提升高校基础研究产出效率。机制分析表明,高校之间的人才流动通过研究人员合作论文数量的增加以及流入学者与高校之间更好的匹配来实现高校科研效率的提升。异质性分析表明,高校人才流入对基础研究创新产出的影响在社会科学领域以及人才流向东部高校中更为显著。研究结论为现阶段如何提升基础研究产出效率、释放学术人才红利提供参考。