Transmission Dynamics and Optimal Control Strategies of a Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease Model with Treatment and Vaccination Interventions

In this article, the transmission dynamics of a Hand-Foot-Mouth disease model with treatment and vaccination interventions are studied. We calculated the basic reproduction number and proved the global stability of disease-free equilibrium when R0 R0 > 1. Meanwhile, we obtained the optimal control strategies minimizing the cost of intervention and minimizing the infected person. We also give some numerical simulations to verify our theoretical results.

Variable outcome in infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease in an Asian cohort

AIM Infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease(IO-IBD) with the onset of disease before 12 mo of age, is a different disease entity from childhood IBD. We aimed to describe the clinical features, outcome and role of mutation in interleukin-10(IL-10) and interleukin-10 receptors(IL-10R) in Asian children with IO-IBD. METHODS All cases of IO-IBD, defined as onset of disease before 12 mo of age, seen at University Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia were reviewed. We performed mutational analysis for IL10 and IL10 R genes in patients with presenting clinical features of Crohn's disease(CD).RESULTS Six [13%; CD = 3, ulcerative colitis(UC) = 2, IBDunclassified(IBD-U) = 1] of the 48 children(CD = 25; UC = 23) with IBD have IO-IBD. At final review [median(range) duration of follow-up: 6.5(3.0-20) years], three patients were in remission without immunosuppression [one each for post-colostomy(IBD-U), after standard immunosuppression(CD), and after total colectomy(UC)]. Three patients were on immunosuppression:one(UC) was in remission while two(both CD) had persistent disease. As compared with later-onset disease, IO-IBD were more likely to present with bloody diarrhea(100% vs 55%, P = 0.039) but were similar in terms of an associated autoimmune liver disease(0% vs 19%, P = 0.31), requiring biologics therapy(50% vs 36%, P = 0.40), surgery(50% vs 29%, P = 0.27), or achieving remission(50% vs 64%, P = 0.40). No mutations in either IL10 or IL10 R in the three patients with CD and the only patient with IBD-U were identified.CONCLUSION The clinical features of IO-IBD in this Asian cohort of children who were negative for IL-10 or IL-10 R mutations were variable. As compared to childhood IBD with onset of disease after 12 mo of age, IO-IBD achieved remission at a similar rate.

Combined distal tibial rotational osteotomy and proximal growth plate modulation for treatment of infantile Blount's disease

Infantile Blount's disease is a condition that causes genu varum and internal tibial torsion. Treatment options include observation, orthotics, corrective osteotomy, elevation of the medial tibial plateau, resection of a physeal bar, lateral hemi-epiphysiodesis, and guided growth of the proximal tibial physis. Each of these treatment options has its disadvantages. Treating the coronal deformity alone(genu varum) will result in persistence of the internal tibial torsion(the axial deformity). In this report, we describe the combination of lateral growth modulation and distal tibial external rotation osteotomy to correct all the elements of the disease. This has not been described before for treatment of Blount's disease. Both coronal and axial deformities were corrected in this patient. We propose this combination(rather than the lateral growth modulation alone) as the method of treatment for early stages of Blount's disease as it corrects both elements of the disease and in the same time avoids the complications of proximal tibial osteotomy.

Motor Development as a Potential Marker to Monitor Infantile Pompe Disease on Enzyme Replacement Therapy

After Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) using recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (rhGAA), survival of Infantile Pompe Disease (IPD) patients through the first 18 months of age has been documented and acquisitions of motor development are an important outcome, but description of its course is scarce. Objective: To describe the motor development in an IPD patient and its correlation with clinical conditions during the first 18 months on ERT with rhGAA. Methods: By longitudinal observational study of an IPD case at early stage. Clinical and biochemical characteristics were obtained from patient records. Echocardiogram assessed cardiac indexes and the urinary biomarker—glucose tetrasaccharide (Glc4)—was obtained by HPLC/UV, following sample derivatization with butyl 4-amino benzoate and analysis on a C18 stationary phase column. Motor skills were evaluated with Alberta Infant of Motor Scale (AIMS) and motor delay was considered as motor percentile (p) below 10. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out and t-test was used to calculate the differences among means, with significance level defined as p value < 0.05. Results: After ERT beginning amelioration of the cardiomyopathy with reduced left ventricle mass index (LVMI) from the 2nd month onwards was observed, but above the upper normal limit for healthy children and CRIM-positive IPD patients. Although GAA antibodies level remained above the recommended titers and fluctuating elevation of Glc4 quantified, motor development analysis showed an ascendant curve expected for age within achievement of independent ambulation. Motor delay after pneumonia and maintenance of hypotonia were noted. Variation of Glc4 appeared long after a transitory intercurrence. Conclusion: In an IPD case, motor development can have normal evolution despite hypotonia. Motor analysis seems to be sensitive to follow-up clinical intercurrences. To elucidate the interaction among prognostic factors and outcomes, further clinical studies need to be conducted.

Clinical and neuroimaging features of enterovirus71 related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-foot-mouth disease

Objective:To investigate clinical and neuroimaging features of enterovirus71(EV71) related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-fool-mouth disease.Methods:Nine patients with acute flaccid paralysis met the criterion of EV71 induced hand-foot-mouth disease underwent spinal and brain MR imaging from May 2008 to Sep 2012.Results:One extremity flaccid was found in four cases(3 with lower limb,1 with upper limb),two limbs flaccid in three cases(2 with lower limbs,1 with upper limbs),and four limbs flaccid in two cases.Spinal MRI studies showed lesion with high signal in T2-weighted images(T2WI) and low signal T1-weighted images(T1WI) in the spinal cord of all nine cases,and the lesions were mainly in bilateral and unilateral anterior hom of cervical spinal cord and spinal cord below thoracic 9(T9) level.In addition,the midbrain,pons, and medulla,which were involved in 3 cases with brainstem encephalitis,demonstrated abnormal signal.Moreover,spinal cord contrast MRI studies showed mild enhancement in corresponding anterior hom of the involved side,and strong enhancement in its ventral root.Conclusions: EV71 related acute flaccid paralysis in patients with hand-foot-mouth disease mainly affected the anterior hom regions and ventral root of cervical spinal cord and spinal cord below T9 level. MR imaging could efficiendy show the characteristic pattern and extent of the lesions which correlated well with the clinical features.

Application of Seasonal Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average Model in Forecasting the Incidence of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Wuhan,China

Outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） have occurred many times and caused serious health burden in China since 2008. Application of modern information technology to prediction and early response can be helpful for efficient HFMD prevention and control. A seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average（ARIMA） model for time series analysis was designed in this study. Eighty-four-month（from January 2009 to December 2015） retrospective data obtained from the Chinese Information System for Disease Prevention and Control were subjected to ARIMA modeling. The coefficient of determination（R^2）, normalized Bayesian Information Criterion（BIC） and Q-test P value were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of constructed models. Subsequently, the best-fitted ARIMA model was applied to predict the expected incidence of HFMD from January 2016 to December 2016. The best-fitted seasonal ARIMA model was identified as（1,0,1）（0,1,1）12, with the largest coefficient of determination（R^2=0.743） and lowest normalized BIC（BIC=3.645） value. The residuals of the model also showed non-significant autocorrelations（P_（Box-Ljung（Q））=0.299）. The predictions by the optimum ARIMA model adequately captured the pattern in the data and exhibited two peaks of activity over the forecast interval, including a major peak during April to June, and again a light peak for September to November. The ARIMA model proposed in this study can forecast HFMD incidence trend effectively, which could provide useful support for future HFMD prevention and control in the study area. Besides, further observations should be added continually into the modeling data set, and parameters of the models should be adjusted accordingly.

Genetic variant reanalysis reveals a case of Sandhoff disease with onset of infantile epileptic spasm syndrome

Background Sandhoff disease(SD)i s an autosomal recessive lysosomal disease with clinical manifestations such as epilepsy,psychomotor retardation and developmental delay.However,infantile SD with onset of infantile epilepsy spasm syndrome(IESS)is extremely rare.Case presentation The case presented here was a 22-month-old boy,who presented with IESS and psychomotor retardation/regression at 6 months of age.The patient showed progressive aggravation of seizures and excessive startle responses.The whole exome sequencing data,which initially revealed negative results,were reanalyzed and indicated a homozygous mutation at the c.1613+4del splice site of the HEXB gene.The activities ofβ-hexosaminidase A and total hexosaminidase were significantly decreased.The fundus examination showed cherry red spots at the macula.Conclusions IESS can be an epileptic phenotype of infantile SD.Clinical phenotypes should be adequately collected in genetic testing.In the case of negative sequencing results,gene variant reanalysis can be performed when the patients show clinically suspicious indications.

Clinical observation on the treatment of severe hand-foot-mouth disease with antelope horn powder combined with auricular point application

Objective:To explore the Clinical observation on the treatment of severe hand-foot-mouth disease with antelope horn powder combined with auricular point application.Methods:From July 2016 to June 2018,90 children were randomly divided into control group(n=30),treatment group(n=30)and control group(n=30).The control group was treated with routine western medicine,the treatment group 1 was treated with oral antelope horn powder on the basis of control group,the second group was treated with auricular point application on the basis of treatment group 1,and the time of symptom relief and clinical cure were observed in each group.Related immune function and related inflammatory factors,serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE),safety index.Results:In treatment group 1,the time of herpes regression,antipyretic,antispasmodic time and clinical cure time were shorter than those of control group,and the time of treatment 2 group was shorter than that of group 1(P<0.05).The levels of CD3,CD4 and CD8 were increased after treatment in the three groups,especially in the treatment group(P<0.05),and the levels of TNF-毩αand IL-2,IL-6,IL-10 were decreased after treatment in the three groups,especially in the treatment group(P<0.05).NSE decreased after treatment in three groups,especially in treatment group 2(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of antelope horn powder combined with auricular point application can obviously improve the severe hand,foot and mouth disease,and the clinical curative effect is definite.It is worth popularizing and applying in clinical practice.

Effect of interferon + Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate therapy on inflammatory response and immune response in children with hand-foot-mouth disease

Objective: To investigate the effect of interferon + Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate therapy on inflammatory response and immune response in children with hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: A total of 116 children with hand-foot-mouth disease who were treated in this hospital between September 2016 and February 2018 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group (n=58) and the Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate group (n=58) by random number table method. Control group received symptomatic + interferon therapy, and Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate group received symptomatic + interferon + Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate therapy, and they were treated for 1 week. The differences in the serum contents of inflammatory factors, adhesion molecules and humoral immunity indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results:Before treatment, serum levels of inflammatory factors, adhesion molecules and humoral immunity indexes were not significantly different between the two groups. After 1 week of treatment, serum inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-10, PCT and hs-CRP levels of Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate group were lower than those of control group;serum adhesion molecules CD44, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were lower than those of control group;serum humoral immunity indexes IgA, IgG, C3 and C4 levels were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Interferon + Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrograpolide Succinate therapy can effectively reduce the systemic inflammatory response and improve the humoral immune function in children with hand-foot-mouth disease.

Correlation of serum NSE and S100β levels with inflammatory response and immune response in children with hand-foot-mouth disease complicated by encephalitis

Objective:To study the correlation of serum NSE and S100β levels with inflammatory response and immune response in children with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) complicated by encephalitis.Methods:Children who were diagnosed with hand-foot-mouth disease in Yulin Third Hospital between May 2015 and February 2017 were selected, children who were combined with central nervous system were selected as severe group, and children who were not combined with central nervous system were selected as mild group;children who received physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum was collected to determine the contents of NSE, S100β and inflammatory response mediators, and peripheral blood was collected to determine the contents of T cell subsets and NK cells.Results: Serum NSE and S100β levels of severe group and mild group were significantly higher than those of control group, and serum NSE and S100β levels of severe group were significantly higher than those of mild group;serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and PCT levels as well as peripheral blood HLA-DR+CD4+, HLA-DR+CD8+, CD38+CD4+ and CD38+CD8+ levels of severe group and mild group were significantly higher than those of control group while peripheral blood CD3+T cell, CD4+T cell, CD8+T cell and NK cell levels were significantly lower than those of control group;serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and PCT levels as well as peripheral blood HLA-DR+CD4+, HLA-DR+CD8+, CD38+CD4+ and CD38+CD8+ levels of severe group were significantly higher than those of mild group and positively correlated with NSE and S100β levels while peripheral blood CD3+T cell, CD4+T cell, CD8+T cell and NK cell levels were significantly lower than those of mild group and negatively correlated with NSE and S100β levels.Conclusion: The increase of serum NSE and S100β levels in children with HFMD complicated by encephalitis is closely related to inflammatory response activation and immune response disorder.

Chinese herbal medicine for hand-foot-and-mouth disease in children: An overview of systematic reviews

Objective:To summarize the use of Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) for the treatment of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in children and to provide high-level evidence for clinical decision-making.Methods:We conducted an overview of systematic reviews (SRs).Two English-language and four Chinese-language electronic databases were searched from inception to March 31,2018.Published SRs and meta-analyses evaluating CHM use in children with HFMD and reporting clinically-relevant outcomes such as time to fever resolution were eligible for inclusion in this overview.Reviews were accepted if the intervention featured CHM with or without other treatment.Two authors evaluated the methodological quality of the included SRs by using ASMTAR and ROBIS.Results:Thirty SRs comprising 90 244 children with HFMD were included in this overview of SRs.All SRs were published in Chinese between 2011 and 2017.All intervention arms received CHM with or without conventional treatment and were compared against control arms receiving no treatment,conventional treatment alone,or placebo.All 30 reviews reported the time to fever resolution and results demonstrated that CHM had a greater benefit in reducing fever compared with controls.Twenty-three reviews reported the time to rash resolution which presented similar results.Fourteen SRs reported the time to oral ulcer healing and CHM demonstrated a significantly reduced time to resolution compared to controls.The quality of the included SRs was low to moderate as assessed by the AMSTAR tool.Conclusion:Published reviews demonstrated potential benefits of CHM in children with HFMD.Overall,the methodological quality of reviews included in this overview of SRs was low and our findings should be interpreted with caution.We would strongly recommend that future SRs be designed and reported rigorously following PRISMA in order to provide more robust evidence on which to base clinical guidance.

Prevalence analysis of hand,foot and mouth disease in China,2008-2018

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in China during 2008-2018 and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods:Literature eligible for selection was retrieved from the China's national knowledge infrastructure project(CNKI),and data from 2008-2018 Chinese HFMD reports were systematically analyzed.Excel and SPSS 20.00 were used for statistical analysis,and GraphPad Prism 6 was used for mapping.Results:The analysis showed that the average incidence rate of HFMD in China from 2008 to 2018 was 123.37±93.14 cases per 100,000 people,with a male-to-female ratio of(1.50±0.15):1,and the vast majority of cases were concentrated in the under-5 age group,mainly in scattered children.The time of onset of HFMD showed obvious seasonal characteristics,in which single-peak provinces were higher than double-peak provinces,with double-peak trends in April-July and October-November,respectively,and single-peak trends mainly in May-July.Based on the spatial distribution study,the incidence pattern showed obvious regional differences(P<0.05),with high incidence concentrated in the southeastern part of the country,and a gradual increase in incidence from west to east and north to south of China.EV71,CA16 and other enteric viruses were the main pathogens of HFMD,with EV71 accounting for 53.5%,CA16 is accounting for 14.3%and other enteric viruses accounting for 32.2%of the pathogens.Conclusions:The incidence of HFMD in China is high,with obvious geographical,seasonal,gender and age distribution characteristics.According to the pattern of HFMD incidence in the region,early prevention and control of key areas and groups is an effective way to cut off the spread of the disease.

《共产主义运动中的“左派”幼稚病》工会思想的生成逻辑、核心意蕴与现实启示

《共产主义运动中的“左派”幼稚病》是列宁的经典文本之一,蕴含着十分丰富的工会思想。这一工会思想的生成植根于马克思恩格斯严密的工会理论,生发于国际及俄国国内工人运动历史的经验总结,成长于对形形色色工会问题争论的现实批判,具有理论、历史和现实三重逻辑。“党直接依靠工会来进行自己的工作”的特殊地位、“工会是共产主义学校”的职能定位、“对工会进行教育和领导”的组织建设构成这一工会思想的核心意蕴。挖掘这一文本的工会思想对当前做好工会工作具有深刻的现实启示:前提基础在于充分认识到工会工作的极端重要性,根本保证在于坚持党对工会工作的集中统一领导,价值彰显在于发挥工会在新时代的教育培训功能。

《颅囟经》之价值刍议

《颅囟经》是中医儿科学现存最早的专书,对儿科的理论发展和临床实践有着极其深远的影响,并且目前依然有效地指导着当代中医儿科的实践。《颅囟经》于唐宋时期撰成,明代以后原书已佚,今之所见为以《四库全书》本为底本的点校本。“颅囟”指代小儿,书中提出了许多重要的学术思想,最有代表性的是“纯阳”学说与“变蒸”学说,前者应看作“元气未散”,后者应视为“正常生理”,提示中医学必参合天文地理、古今阴阳。此外,书中记载了小儿诊脉的方法,列举了新生儿疾病,惊证、痫证、癫证、疳证、痢证等小儿常见病证,并附有治法方药;原书陈列15种火丹,均以发病部位的不同进行辨治;《杂证篇》收录了丰富的验方,重视乳母在维护小儿健康过程中的作用、治病不忘顾护脾胃、以五脏辨证法治疗疳证等理念,这些理念至今仍为临床所借鉴。治疗用药切合儿科实际,剂型以丸、散为主,药味少,另有洗浴、吹鼻等简便易行的外治法,很好地解决了小儿服药难的问题。全书言简意赅,尚存佚文待考,如进一步深入研究,必将有更多的收获。文章简述《颅囟经》的来源及重要学术思想,分析小儿脉法、儿科病证,并与现今儿科治疗中的具体情况做对比,发现《颅囟经》所列举的小儿病治法治则切合儿科实际医疗需要,值得进一步研究。

列宁关于无产阶级政党的正确策略思想及其启示——以《共产主义运动中的“左派”幼稚病》为基础的文本分析

《共产主义运动中的“左派”幼稚病》作为列宁论述无产阶级政党正确策略问题的经典著作,创造性地回答了正确策略是为“党的政治活动”提供正确指引、是“原则的坚定性与策略的灵活性相结合”、是能“发展、援助和激起世界各国的革命”的策略。并指出制定正确策略要深入把握以正确理解和运用马克思主义理论为基础、以“考虑各个时代不同的基本特征”为前提、以“估计到历次革命运动的经验”为重点、以“估计到本国的一切阶级力量”为核心的方法论,形成了系统的无产阶级政党正确策略思想。中国特色社会主义进入新时代,深入挖掘和总结列宁关于无产阶级政党的正确策略思想,对我们党在制定和运用正确策略时,夯实正确策略的思想基础,确保正确策略的时代性、灵活性和群众性,有着重要的启示意义。

Transmission dynamics of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease with partial immunity through non-integer derivative

In this paper,we formulate the transmission phenomena of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease(HFMD)through non-integer derivative.We interrogate the biological meaningful results of the recommended system of HFMD.The basic reproduction number is determined through next generation method and the impact of different parameters on the reproduction number is examined with the help of partial rank correlation coeficient(PRCC)technique.In addition,we concentrated on qualitative analysis and dynamical behavior of HFMD dynamics.Banach's and Schaefer's fixed-point theorems are used to analyze the uniqueness and existence of the solution of the proposed HFMD model.The HFMD system's Ulam-Hyers stability has been confirmed to be sufficient.To highlight the impact of the parameters on the dynamics of HFMD,we performed several simulations through numerical scheme to conceptualize the transmission route of the infection.To be more specific,numerical simulations are used to visualize the effect of input parameters on the systems dynamics.We have shown the key input parameters of the system for the control of infection in the society.

基于数据挖掘和网络药理学的钱乙治疗小儿惊风用药规律探究

目的:采用数据挖掘及网络药理学方法探讨钱乙治疗小儿惊风的用药规律。方法:从《小儿药证直诀》中筛选处方48首,经规范化处理后建立数据库,应用Excel 2019、Cytoscape3.8.2、SPSS Modeler 18.0及SPSS Statistics 21.0软件进行频数分析、网络可视化分析、关联规则分析和聚类分析。再通过TCMSP平台和TCMID平台获得药物中所含的化合物,运用Cytoscape3.8.2软件分析和预测重要的药物和化合物。结果:共获得治疗小儿惊风药物105味,以草木、无毒药居多,玉石、有毒药次之;性味以苦寒为主,辛甘温次之,归经以肝、肺、胃经为主,心和脾经次之,剂型以丸、散、膏剂内服为主。Cytoscape3.8.2软件分析得出度值排名前10的药物为麻黄、甘草、天麻、全蝎、蟾蜍、牵牛子、天南星、人参、大黄、半夏,度值排名前5的成分为β-谷甾醇、谷甾醇、植物甾醇、山奈酚、亚油酸乙酯。结论:《小儿药证直诀》中治疗惊风多以治风、豁痰、解热、通腑为基本治则,涉及药物以平肝息风药、开窍药、化痰止咳平喘药、泻下药为主,符合小儿惊风现代治疗的基本思路,重要的药物和化合物经现代研究证实具有抗惊厥、镇静功效,可为小儿惊风的临床治疗和药物研发提供文献依据和理论参考。

基于肝强脾弱特点探讨小儿痉挛型脑瘫五腧穴针刺治疗思路

小儿脑性瘫痪作为儿科常见疑难病,是目前导致儿童残疾的主要原因之一。目前针灸、推拿等中医特色疗法因其具有经济、安全、绿色的优点,在临床治疗脑瘫作用越来越突出。此文旨在通过分析小儿“肝强脾弱”的生理病理特点,并以此为切入点,从五腧穴配伍针刺治疗小儿痉挛型脑瘫方面提出浅见,希望能为小儿脑瘫治疗拓展中医临床思路。

基于关联规则分析《景岳全书·小儿则》的用药规律

目的本研究通过整理《景岳全书·小儿则》中的方药,总结张景岳治疗小儿病的学术思想及用药规律。方法运用SPSS 22.0软件频数统计法,总结张景岳治疗小儿病的用药种类、性味、归经、功效的规律,用频繁项集分析法、关联规则分析法对张景岳治疗小儿病所用方药进行分析,总结其临床用药的规律和学术思想。结果张景岳治疗小儿病共用方158首,药物166味,善用辛、苦、甘味药物;归经上,归脾经药物最多,胃经次之;功效分类上,清热药最多,补虚药次之;药物配伍上,常用炙甘草配人参,干姜配炙甘草、人参、白术等。结论张景岳治疗小儿病,重视温补,避免克伐,认为小儿体质柔嫩、气血未坚、脏腑甚脆,虚证用补,初病、实证亦可用补,可兼顾寒凉,但应慎用寒凉,避免克伐;阴阳互济,兼顾虚实,阳中有阴、阴中有阳;整体辨证、标本兼治,注重脾肾之本,养血补血,使气血互生,并重本培元。

《活幼心书》治疗惊风的思路及用药规律探讨

探讨元朝医家曾世荣所著《活幼心书》治疗惊风的思路及用药规律。《活幼心书》诊治惊风重视心火肝风的病机特点和调理脾胃的治疗宗旨,善用攻法分期辨证治疗急惊风。急惊风初期需清解表邪,邪去则正安;中期需清利小便以通心气,泻火安神;对惊风后仍存有痰热之邪、预后不佳的患儿,可针对性地运用化痰逐水的中药,阻断患儿病情进展;对受惊而惊风的患儿,应重视行气法调整气机。在攻邪的同时,注重以寒温并用的方式固护脾胃。用药规律分析结果显示:治疗惊风使用频次较高的药物有甘草、生姜、人参、茯苓、肉桂,用药多选用药性为温性与寒性及药味为辛甘的药物,且多归脾胃二经;挖掘得到2个新方组合,新方组合1(大黄、防风、茯神)具有清热泻火、平肝熄风、宁心安神的作用,可用于急惊风中期以平肝清心;处方2(大黄、防风、生姜)具有发散表邪、清热泻火、温中解毒化痰的作用,可用于急惊风初期以解表合营。《活幼心书》治疗惊风的思路及用药规律可为现代中医临床提供参考。