Social function scores and influencing factors in patients with residual depressive symptoms

BACKGROUND At present,the influencing factors of social function in patients with residual depressive symptoms are still unclear.Residual depressive symptoms are highly harmful,leading to low mood in patients,affecting work and interpersonal communication,increasing the risk of recurrence,and adding to the burden on families.Studying the influencing factors of their social function is of great significance.AIM To explore the social function score and its influencing factors in patients with residual depressive symptoms.METHODS This observational study surveyed patients with residual depressive symptoms(case group)and healthy patients undergoing physical examinations(control group).Participants were admitted between January 2022 and December 2023.Social functioning was assessed using the Sheehan Disability Scale(SDS),and scores were compared between groups.Factors influencing SDS scores in patients with residual depressive symptoms were analyzed by applying multiple linear regression while using the receiver operating characteristic curve,and these RESULTS The SDS scores of the 158 patients with depressive symptoms were 11.48±3.26.Compared with the control group,the SDS scores and all items in the case group were higher.SDS scores were higher in patients with relapse,discon-tinuous medication,drug therapy alone,severe somatic symptoms,obvious residual symptoms,and anxiety scores≥8.Disease history,medication compliance,therapy method,and residual symptoms correlated positively with SDS scores(r=0.354,0.414,0.602,and 0.456,respectively).Independent influencing factors included disease history,medication compliance,therapy method,somatic symptoms,residual symptoms,and anxiety scores(P<0.05).The areas under the curve for predicting social functional impairment using these factors were 0.713,0.559,0.684,0.729,0.668,and 0.628,respectively,with sensitivities of 79.2%,61.8%,76.8%,81.7%,63.6%,and 65.5%and specificities of 83.3%,87.5%,82.6%,83.3%,86.7%,and 92.1%,respectively.CONCLUSION The social function scores of patients with residual symptoms of depression are high.They are affected by disease history,medication compliance,therapy method,degree of somatic symptoms,residual symptoms,and anxiety.

Spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of rural settlements in mountainous areas: an example of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Southwestern China

Rural settlement is the basic spatial unit for compact communities in rural area. Scientific exploration of spatial-temporal differentiation and its influencing factors is the premise of spatial layout rationalization. Based on land use data of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred to as Liangshan Prefecture) in Sichuan Province, China from 1980 to 2020, compactness index, fractal dimension, imbalance index, location entropy and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector(OPGD) model are used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the morphological characteristics of rural settlements, and to explore the influence of natural geographical factors, socioeconomic factors, and policy factors on the spatial differentiation of rural settlements. The results show that:(1) From 1980 to 2020, the rural settlements area in Liangshan Prefecture increased by 15.96 km^(2). In space, the rural settlements are generally distributed in a local aggregation, dense in the middle and sparse around the periphery. In 2015, the spatial density and expansion index of rural settlements reached the peak.(2) From 1980 to 2020, the compactness index decreased from 0.7636 to 0.7496, the fractal dimension increased from 1.0283 to 1.0314, and the fragmentation index decreased from 0.1183 to 0.1047. The spatial morphological structure of rural settlements tended to be loose, the shape contour tended to be complex, the degree of fragmentation decreased, and the spatial distribution was significantly imbalanced.(3) The results of OPGD detection in 2015 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2371) > traffic accessibility(0.2098) > population(0.1403) > regional GDP(0.1325) > elevation(0.0987) > poverty alleviation(0). The results of OPGD detection in 2020 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2339) > traffic accessibility(0.2198) > population(0.1432) > regional GDP(0.1219) > poverty alleviation(0.0992) > elevation(0.093). Natural geographical factors(slope and elevation) are the basic factors affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements, and rural settlements are widely distributed in the river valley plain and the second half mountain area. Socioeconomic factors(traffic accessibility, population, and regional GDP) have a greater impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements, which is an important factor affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements. Policy factors such as poverty alleviation relocation have an indispensable impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements. The research results can provide decisionmaking basis for the spatial arrangement of rural settlements in Liangshan Prefecture, and optimize the implementation of rural revitalization policies.

Coupled multiphysical model for investigation of influence factors in the application of microbially induced calcite precipitation

The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and permeability.The model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical fields.It was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model settings.Therefore,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different scenarios.The numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application scales.Besides,a TBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium carbonate.To understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection strategies.The simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of precipitation.Additionally,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP treatment.The present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.

Study on psychological resilience and associated influencing factors in lung cancer patients with bone metastases

BACKGROUND Evaluating the psychological resilience of lung cancer(LC)patients helps understand their mental state and guides future treatment.However,there is limited research on the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone me-tastases.AIM To explore the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone metastases and identify factors that may influence psychological resilience.METHODS LC patients with bone metastases who met the inclusion criteria were screened from those admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.The psychological scores of the enrolled patients were collected.They were then grouped based on the mean psychological score:Those with scores lower than the mean value were placed in the low-score group and those with scores equal to or greater than the mean value was placed in the high-score group.The baseline data(age,gender,education level,marital status,residence,monthly income,and religious beliefs),along with self-efficacy and medical coping mode scores,were compared.RESULTS This study included 142 LC patients with bone metastases admitted to our hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,with an average psychological resilience score of 63.24±9.96 points.After grouping,the low-score group consisted of 69 patients,including 42 males and 27 females,with an average age of 67.38±9.55 years.The high-score group consisted of 73 patients,including 49 males and 24 females,with a mean age of 61.97±5.00 years.χ2 analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in education level(χ2=6.604,P=0.037),residence(χ2=12.950,P=0.002),monthly income(χ2=9.375,P=0.009),and medical coping modes(χ2=19.150,P=0.000).Independent sample t-test showed that the high-score group had significantly higher self-efficacy scores(t=3.383,P=0.001)and lower age than the low-score group(t=4.256,P<0.001).Furthermore,multivariate logistic regression hazard analysis confirmed that self-efficacy is an independent protective factor for psychological resilience[odds ratio(OR)=0.926,P=0.035,95%confidence interval(CI):0.862-0.995],while age(OR=1.099,P=0.003,95%CI:1.034-1.169)and medical coping modes(avoidance vs confrontation:OR=3.767,P=0.012,95%CI:1.342-10.570;resignation vs confrontation:OR=5.687,P=0.001,95%CI:1.974-16.385)were identified as independent risk factors.A predictive model based on self-efficacy,age,and medical coping modes was developed.The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve value of 0.778(95%CI:0.701-0.856,P<0.001),indicating that the model has good predictive performance.CONCLUSION LC patients with bone metastases are less psychologically resilient than the general population.Factors such as self-efficacy,age,and medical coping modes influence their psychological resilience.Patients with low self-efficacy,old age,and avoidance/resignation coping modes should be closely observed.

Factors affecting land dissection density in geomorphological regions of China

Land dissection density(LDD)provides morphological evidence regarding prior intense soil erosion and quantifies the distribution of land dissections.A comprehensive understanding of the potential factors influencing the spatial pattern and value of the LDD is vital in geological disasters,soil erosion,and other related domains.Land dissection phenomena in China affects large areas with different morphological,pedological,and climatic characteristics.Prior studies have focused on the potential factors influencing the LDD at a watershed scale.However,these results are insufficient to reflect the status quo of dissection development and its primary influencing factors on a national scale.LDD’s spatial patterns and the dominant factors at a regional scale in millions of square kilometers remain to be ascertained.This study used the geomorphon-based method and the geographical detector model to quantify the spatial pattern of LDD over China and identify the dominant factors affecting this pattern in China’s six first-order geomorphological regions(GR1~GR6).The results yield the following findings:(1)LDD in China ranges from 0~4.55 km/km^(2),which is larger in central and eastern regions than in other regions of China;(2)dominant factors and their dominant risk subcategories vary with each geomorphological region’s primary internal and external forces;(3)the influence of natural factors is more significant on the large regional scale in millions of square kilometers compared to anthropogenic factors;relief degree of land surface(RDLS)is dominant in GR1,GR2,and GR5;the slope is dominant in GR6,soil type is dominant in GR3 and GR4,and lithology plays a critical role in the dominant interactions of GR3,GR4,and GR6;(4)the interactions between factors on LDD’s spatial pattern have a more significant effect than individual factors.

Influencing factors analysis of hard limestone reformation and strength weakening under acidic effect

Roof disaster has always been an important factor restricting coal mine safety production.Acidic effect can reform the rock mass structure to weaken the macroscopic strength characteristics,which is an effective way to control the hard limestone roof.In this study,the effects of various factors on the reaction characteristics and mechanical properties of limestone were analyzed.The results show that the acid with stronger hydrogen production capacity after ionization(pK_(a)<0)has more prominent damage to the mineral grains of limestone.When pKa increases from−8.00 to 15.70,uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of limestone increase by 117.22%and 75.98%.The influence of acid concentration is manifested in the dissolution behavior of mineral crystals,the crystal defects caused by large-scale acid action will lead to the deterioration of limestone strength,and the strength after 15%concentration reformation can be reduced by 59.42%.The effect of acidification time on limestone has stages and is the most obvious in the initial metathesis reaction stage(within 60 min).The key to the strength damage of acidified limestone is the participation of hydrogen ions in the reaction system.Based on the analytic hierarchy process method,the influence weights of acid type,acid concentration and acidification time on strength are 24.30%,59.54% and 16.16%,respectively.The research results provide theoretical support for the acidification control of hard limestone roofs in coal mines.

Dual carbon goal and agriculture in China:Exploring key factors influencing farmers’behavior in adopting low carbon technologies

Identifying the factors influencing farmers’adoption of low-carbon technologies(FA)and understanding their impacts are essential for shaping effective agricultural policies amied at emission reduction and carbon sequestration in China.This study employs a meta-analysis of 122 empirical studies,delves into 23 driving factors affecting FA and addresses the inconsistencies present in the existing literature.We systematically examine the effect size,source of heterogeneity,and time-accumulation effect of the driving factors on FA.We find that significant heterogeneity in the factors influencing FA,except for farming experience,sources of heterogeneity from the survey zone,methodology model,technological attributes,report source,financial support,and the sampling year.Additionally,age,farming experience,and adoption cost negatively correlate with FA.In contrast,educational level,health status,technical training,economic and welfare cognition,land contract,soil quality,terrain,information accessibility,demonstration,government promotion,government regulation,government support,agricultural cooperatives member,peer effect,and agricultural income ratio demonstrate a positive correlation.Especially,demonstration and age show a particularly strong correlation.Finally,the effect of demonstration,age,economic and welfare cognition,farming experience,land contract,soil quality,information accessibility,government promotion,and support,as well as agricultural cooperative membership and peer effects on FA,are generally stable but exhibit varying degrees of attenuation over time.The effect of village cadre,family income,farm scale,gender,health status,technical training,and off-farm work on FA show notable temporal shifts and maintain a weak correlation with FA.This study contributes to shaping China’s current low-carbon agriculture policies across various regions.It encourages policymakers to comprehensively consider the stability of key factors,other potential factors,technological attributes,rural socio-economic context,and their interrelations.

Refining the Factors Affecting N_(2)O Emissions from Upland Soils with and without Nitrogen Fertilizer Application at a Global Scale

Nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)is a long-lived greenhouse gas that mainly originates from agricultural soils.More and more studies have explored the sources,influencing factors and effective mitigation measures of N_(2)O in recent decades.However,the hierarchy of factors influencing N_(2)O emissions from agricultural soils at the global scale remains unclear.In this study,we carry out correlation and structural equation modeling analysis on a global N_(2)O emission dataset to explore the hierarchy of influencing factors affecting N_(2)O emissions from the nitrogen(N)and non-N fertilized upland farming systems,in terms of climatic factors,soil properties,and agricultural practices.Our results show that the average N_(2)O emission intensity in the N fertilized soils(17.83 g N ha^(-1)d^(-1))was significantly greater than that in the non-N fertilized soils(5.34 g N ha^(−1) d^(−1))(p<0.001).Climate factors and agricultural practices are the most important influencing factors on N_(2)O emission in non-N and N fertilized upland soils,respectively.For different climatic zones,without fertilizer,the primary influence factors on soil N_(2)O emissions are soil physical properties in subtropical monsoon zone,whereas climatic factors are key in the temperate zones.With fertilizer,the primary influence factors for subtropical monsoon and temperate continental zones are soil physical properties,while agricultural measures are the main factors in the temperate monsoon zone.Deploying enhanced agricultural practices,such as reduced N fertilizer rate combined with the addition of nitrification and urease inhibitors can potentially mitigate N_(2)O emissions by more than 60%in upland farming systems.

Risk Factors of Enternal Nutrition Intolerance in Septic Patients:A Case-control Study

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the incidence of enteral nutrition intolerance(ENI)in patients with sepsis and explore potential risk factors.Methods:A case-control study was conducted in patients with sepsis who were receiving enteral nutrition(EN)at a tertiary hospital in China.The included patients were divided into the ENI group and the non-ENI group.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for ENI.Results:A total of 859 patients were included in the study.Among them,288(33.53%)patients experienced symptoms of ENI,including diarrhea,vomiting,bloating,and gastric retention.Logistic regression analysis revealed that the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation H(APACHE H)score,thoracocentesis,and usage of cardiotonic drugs(namely,inotropes)were independent predictors of the ENI.Conclusion:The incidence of ENI is relatively high in patients with sepsis,especially in those who have higher APACHE H scores,have undergone thoracocentesis,and have received inotropes.

Influencing factors of self-management ability among dry eye patients in west China

AIM:To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of self-management ability in dry eye patients in west China.METHODS:A total of 265 patients clinically diagnosed with dry eye received a convenience survey questionnaire at West China Hospital of Sichuan University.All participants completed the rating scale of health self-management skill for adults(AHSMSRS),Huaxi Emotional-Distress Index(HEI),e-health literacy scale(e-HEALS)and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire(Brief-IPQ).A generalized linear model was employed to establish a multivariate linear model with demographic data,psychological state,e-HEALS,and illness perception as independent variables and health selfmanagement skill score as the dependent variable.RESULTS:The mean score for health self-management skill was 165.58±15.79.Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age,better illness perception and improved psychological state were associated with better health selfmanagement ability among dry eye patients.Furthermore,the health self-management ability of patients with a disease duration less than 1y was found to be higher compared to those with a disease duration exceeding 1y.CONCLUSION:The health self-management ability of dry eye patients in west China is relatively high.Age,duration of disease,illness perception and psychological state are the influencing factors on the health selfmanagement ability of dry eye patients.

Influencing factors and solution strategies of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy(CAR–T)cell immunotherapy

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cesll therapy(CAR–T)has achieved groundbreaking advancements in clinical application,ushering in a new era for innovative cancer treatment.However,the challenges associated with implementing this novel targeted cell therapy are increasingly significant.Particularly in the clinical management of solid tumors,obstacles such as the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment,limited local tumor infiltration capability of CAR–T cells,heterogeneity of tumor targeting antigens,uncertainties surrounding CAR–T quality,control,and clinical adverse reactions have contributed to increased drug resistance and decreased compliance in tumor therapy.These factors have significantly impeded the widespread adoption and utilization of this therapeutic approach.In this paper,we comprehensively analyze recent preclinical and clinical reports on CAR–T therapy while summarizing crucial factors influencing its efficacy.Furthermore,we aim to identify existing solution strategies and explore their current research status.Through this review article,our objective is to broaden perspectives for further exploration into CAR–T therapy strategies and their clinical applications.

Spatiotemporal variations,influencing factors,and configurational promotion paths of energy efficiency in China’s cities

The promotion of energy efficiency(EE)helps address energy constraints and promote environmental sustainability.This study comprehensively explores the spatiotemporal variations,influencing factors,and configuration promotion paths of EE in 284 Chinese cities during 2003‒2019 using the global super-efficiency minimum distance to strong efficient frontier(G-S-MinDS),exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA),multiscale geographically weighted regression(MGWR),and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)methods.The findings are:①China’s cities have an annual average EE of 0.658 with a growth rate of 0.53%,showing considerable promotion potential.②Industrial structure optimization,population agglomeration,economic development,and increased green coverage contribute positively,while government intervention and openness hinder China’s urban EE.③Four configurational promotion paths for enhancing China’s urban EE are identified,where among those paths population density is a core condition,while government intervention is not.This study provides valuable insights into substantially improving urban EE,emphasizing the need for targeted policies to address energy and environmental crises in China.

Influence of perinatal factors on full-term low-birth-weight infants and construction of a predictive model

BACKGROUND Being too light at birth can increase the risk of various diseases during infancy.AIM To explore the effect of perinatal factors on term low-birth-weight(LBW)infants and build a predictive model.This model aims to guide the clinical management of pregnant women’s healthcare during pregnancy and support the healthy growth of newborns.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1794 single full-term pregnant women who gave birth.Newborns were grouped based on birth weight:Those with birth weight<2.5 kg were classified as the low-weight group,and those with birth weight between 2.5 kg and 4 kg were included in the normal group.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of full-term LBW.A risk prediction model was established based on the analysis results.The effectiveness of the model was analyzed using the Hosmer–Leme show test and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve to verify the accuracy of the predictions.RESULTS Among the 1794 pregnant women,there were 62 cases of neonatal weight<2.5 kg,resulting in an LBW incidence rate of 3.46%.The factors influencing full-term LBW included low maternal education level[odds ratio(OR)=1.416],fewer prenatal examinations(OR=2.907),insufficient weight gain during pregnancy(OR=3.695),irregular calcium supplementation during pregnancy(OR=1.756),and pregnancy hypertension syndrome(OR=2.192).The prediction model equation was obtained as follows:Logit(P)=0.348×maternal education level+1.067×number of prenatal examinations+1.307×insufficient weight gain during pregnancy+0.563×irregular calcium supplementation during pregnancy+0.785×pregnancy hypertension syndrome−29.164.The area under the ROC curve for this model was 0.853,with a sensitivity of 0.852 and a specificity of 0.821.The Hosmer–Leme show test yieldedχ^(2)=2.185,P=0.449,indicating a good fit.The overall accuracy of the clinical validation model was 81.67%.CONCLUSION The occurrence of full-term LBW is related to maternal education,the number of prenatal examinations,weight gain during pregnancy,calcium supplementation during pregnancy,and pregnancy-induced hypertension.The constructed predictive model can effectively predict the risk of full-term LBW.

Study on the Spatiotemporal Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of Population Aging in Henan Province

This study utilized census data from Henan Province for the years 2000,2010,and 2020 to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of population aging,defined by the proportion of the population aged 65 and above.Employing spatial analysis techniques such as spatial autocorrelation and the standard deviation ellipse,the research mapped out the progression and distribution of aging demographics.Furthermore,the study delved into the influencing factors of aging using an optimal parameters-based geographical detector.Results indicate a deepening degree of population aging in Henan Province,transitioning from an adult type to an old type structure.There is a marked positive spatial correlation among counties,with high-value aging areas initially decreasing,then increasing,and notably spreading from the central to the central and southern regions of the province.The center of gravity for population aging,specifically around Changge City and Xuchang City,exhibits a trajectory moving southeast before shifting northwest.Factor detection reveals that in 2000,2010,and 2020,the elderly dependency ratio predominantly influences the aging trend,with explanatory powers of 88.4%,87.9%,and 90.9%,respectively.Interaction analysis indicates that the interaction between the old-child ratio and the elderly dependency ratio has a strong explanatory power for the aging patterns in Henan Province,reaching 97.3%,97.0%,and 97.4%,respectively.

Assessing the current situation and the influencing factors affecting perceived stigma among older patients after leukemia diagnosis

BACKGROUND Psychological problems are becoming increasingly prominent among older patients with leukemia,with patients potentially facing stigmatization after diagnosis.However,there is limited research on the stigma experienced by these patients and the factors that may contribute to it.AIM To investigate the stigma faced by older patients after being diagnosed with leukemia and to analyze the potential influencing factors.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data obtained from questionnaire surveys,interviews,and the medical records of older patients with leukemia admitted to the Hengyang Medical School from June 2020 to June 2023.The data obtained included participants’basic demographic information,medical history,leukemia type,family history of leukemia,average monthly family income,pension,and tendency to conceal illness.The Chinese versions of the Social Impact Scale(SIS),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to assess indicators related to stigma,social support,and mental health status.We used Pearson’s correlation coefficient to analyze the strength and direction of the relationship between the scores of each scale,and regression analysis to explore the factors related to the stigma of older patients with leukemia after diagnosis.RESULTS Data from 120 patients with leukemia aged 65-80 years were analyzed.The total score on the SIS and PSSS was 43.60±4.07 and 37.06±2.87,respectively.The SAS score was 58.35±8.32 and the SDS score was 60.58±5.97.The stigma experienced by older leukemia patients was negatively correlated with social support(r=-0.691,P<0.05)and positively correlated with anxiety and depression(r=0.506,0.382,P<0.05).Age,education level,smoking status,average monthly family income,pension,and tendency to conceal illness were significantly associated with the participants’level of stigma(P<0.05).Age,smoking status,social support,anxiety,and depression were predictive factors of stigmatization among older leukemia patients after diagnosis(all P<0.05),with a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.644 and an adjusted R2 of 0.607.CONCLUSION Older patients commonly experience stigmatization after being diagnosed with leukemia.Factors such as age,smoking status,social support,and psychological well-being may influence older patients’reported experience of stigma.

Analysis of influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis

BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic oral disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms that corrode tooth tissue,form periodontal pockets,absorb alveolar bone,and finally lead to tooth loss.During treatment,patients are prone to anxiety,tension,and other negative emotions,which affect their ability to face the disease and may also lead to aggravation of the original condition and affect oral health.Therefore,it is important to improve the negative psychology of patients with periodontitis to clarify the factors that may lead to negative psychological emotions.AIM To investigate the risk factors that may lead to anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis.METHODS One hundred patients with periodontitis were selected between March 2022 and March 2023 at our hospital.All patients were assessed with the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)(≥53 points indicate a depressive state)and Zung Selfrating Anxiety Scale(SAS)(≥50 points indicates an anxious state).In this study,patients who experienced anxiety or depression were included in the occurrence group and those without anxiety or depression were included in the nonoccurrence group.The baseline data of the two groups were compared to explore the risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis.RESULTS A total of 100 patients with periodontitis were included in this study.According to the SDS,38 patients(38.00%)developed depression,with an average SDS score of(68.52±5.85)points.According to the SAS,40 patients(40.00%)developed anxiety,and the average SAS score was(72.15±4.15)points.In this study,56 patients with anxiety or depression were included.Compared with the nonoccurrence group,the occurrence group had higher ages(≥60 years),lower level of hope(low level),educational level(high school or below),disease perception(poor),and sleep disorder(yes).The negative coping dimension scores of the simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)and Dental Fear Scale(DFS)in the occurrence group were higher,whereas the score of the positive coping dimension of the SCSQ was significantly lower(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the other data between the groups(P>0.05).The results of multiple logistics regression analysis showed that age(≥60 years),level of hope(low level),educational level(high school or below),disease perception(poor),sleep disorder(yes),high negative coping dimension scores of SCSQ,high score of DFS,and low positive coping dimension scores of SCSQ were all factors contributing to the anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis(odds ratio>1,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Age,hope level,educational level,disease perception,sleep disorders,coping style,and dental fear were all associated with anxiety and depression in patients with periodontitis.

Analysis of anxiety and depression status and their influencing factors in patients with diabetic retinopathy

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a common complication of diabetes and the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness.It has a serious impact on the mental and physical health of patients.AIM To evaluate the anxiety and depression status of patients with DR,we examined their influencing factors.METHODS Two hundred patients with DR admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of ophthalmology and endocrinology at our hospital were selected.A questionnaire was conducted to collect general patient information.Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Sevenitem Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale,respectively.The diabetes specific quality of life scale and Social Support Rating Scale were used to assess the quality of life of patients with DR and their social support,respectively.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the correlations.RESULTS The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 26%(52/200)and 14%(28/200),respectively.Regression analysis revealed that social support was associated with depression[odds ratio(OR)=0.912,95%confidence interval(CI):0.893-0.985]and anxiety(OR=0.863,95%CI:0.672-0.994).Good quality of life(diabetes specific quality of life scale score<40)was a protective factor against anxiety(OR=0.738,95%CI:0.567-0.936)and depression(OR=0.573,95%CI:0.4566-0.784).Visual impairment significantly increased the likelihood of depression(OR=1.198,95%CI:1.143-1.324)and anxiety(OR=1.746,95%CI:1.282-2.359).Additionally,prolonged diabetes duration and history of hypertension were significant risk factors for both conditions,along with a family history of diabetes.CONCLUSION Key factors influencing anxiety and depression in patients with DR include social support,quality of life,visual impairment,duration of diabetes,family history of diabetes,and history of hypertension.

Postoperative body weight change and its influencing factors in patients with gastric cancer

BACKGROUND The high incidence and mortality of gastric cancer(GC)pose a significant threat to human life and health,and it has become an important public health challenge in China.Body weight loss is a common complication after surgical treatment in patients with GC and is associated with poor prognosis and GC recurrence.However,current attention to postoperative weight change in GC patients remains insufficient,and the descriptions of postoperative weight change and its influencing factors are also different.AIM To investigate body weight changes in patients with GC within 6 mo after gastrectomy and identify factors that influence dynamic body weight changes.METHODS We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of 121 patients with GC and collected data before(T0)and 1(T1),3(T2),and 6(T3)mo after gastrectomy using a general data questionnaire,psychological distress thermometer,and body weight measurements.The general estimation equation(GEE)was used to analyze the dynamic trends of body weight changes and factors that influence body weight changes in patients with GC within 6 mo of gastrectomy.RESULTS The median weight loss at T1,T2,and T3 was 7.29%(2.84%,9.40%),11.11%(7.64%,14.91%),and 14.75%(8.80%,19.84%),respectively.The GEE results showed that preoperative body mass index(BMI),significant psychological distress,religious beliefs,and sex were risk factors for weight loss in patients with GC within 6 mo after gastrectomy(P<0.05).Compared with preoperative low-weight patients,preoperative obese patients were more likely to have weight loss(β=14.685,P<0.001).Furthermore,patients with significant psychological distress were more likely to lose weight than those without(β=2.490,P<0.001),and religious patients were less likely to lose weight 6 mo after gastrectomy than those without religious beliefs(β=-6.844,P=0.001).Compared to female patients,male patients were more likely to experience weight loss 6 mo after gastrectomy(β=4.262,P=0.038).CONCLUSION Male patients with GC with high preoperative BMI,significant psychological distress,and no religious beliefs are more likely to lose weight after gastrectomy.

Status quo and factors of depression and anxiety in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after plasma electrocision

BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a type of cancer with a high incidence in men.Plasma electrosurgery(PES)is often used in the treatment of bladder cancer.Postoperative complications often cause depression and anxiety in patients after surgery.AIM To investigate the current state of depression and anxiety after PES in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and analyze the factors affecting them.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted to compare the baseline data of patients by collecting their medical history and grouping them according to their mental status into negative and normal groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting the occurrence of anxiety and depression after surgery in patients with bladder cancer.RESULTS Comparative analyses of baseline differences showed that the patients in the negative and normal groups differed in terms of their first surgery,economic status,educational level,and marital status.A logistic regression analysis showed that it affected the occurrence of anxiety in patients with bladder cancer,and the results showed that whether the risk factors were whether or not it was the first surgery,monthly income between 3000 and 3000-6000,secondary or junior high school education level,single,divorced,and widowed statuses.CONCLUSION The risk factors affecting the onset of anxiety and depression in bladder cancer patients after PES are the number of surgeries,economic status,level of education,and marital status.This study provides a reference for the clinical treatment and prognosis of bladder cancer patients in the future.

Study on the occurrence and influencing factors of gastrointestinal symptoms in hemodialysis patients with uremia

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis,and these symptoms seriously affect patients'prognosis.AIM To assess the occurrence and factors influencing gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis.METHODS We retrospectively selected 98 patients with uremia who underwent regular hemo-dialysis treatment in the blood purification center of our hospital from December 2022 to December 2023.The gastrointestinal symptoms and scores of each dimension were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Grading Scale(GSRS).Patients were divided into gastrointestinal symptoms and no gastrointestinal symptom groups according to whether they had gastrointestinal symptoms.The factors that may affect gastrointestinal symptoms were identified by single-factor analysis.Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms.RESULTS Gastrointestinal symptoms included indigestion,constipation,reflux,diarrhea,abdominal pain,and eating disorders,and the total average GSRS score was 1.35±0.47.This study showed that age,number of tablets,dialysis time,glucocorticoid,parathyroid hormone(PTH),combined diabetes mellitus and C-reactive protein(CRP)were independent risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis,whereas body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin(Hb),and urea clearance index were independent protective factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal symptoms are mostly mild in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis,most commonly including dyspepsia,eating disorders,and gastroesophageal reflux.The independent influencing factors mainly include the BMI,age,number of pills taken,dialysis time,urea clearance index,Hb,use of glucocorticoids,and thyroid hormone level.PTH,CRP,and diabetes are clinically related factors influencing the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms,and targeted prevention can be performed.