Integrated Prevention and Control Technology for Coffee Leaf Rust in Yunnan Province

This paper investigates the damage symptoms and occurrence regularity related to coffee leaf rust,and proposes a comprehensive prevention and control strategy grounded in the principle of prioritizing prevention and implementing integrated prevention and control.This strategy encompasses the cultivation of rust-resistant varieties,the implementation of agricultural practices,the application of chemical interventions,the utilization of hyperparasitic fungi,and the protection and utilization of natural enemies.The paper further outlines the necessary requirements for effective prevention and control,emphasizing the importance of enhancing responsibility implementation,fostering systematic prevention and control measures,enhancing guidance services,and increasing publicity and guidance.The aim is to offer technical guidance for the integrated prevention and control of coffee leaf rust in Yunnan Province.

“An integrated system,three separated responsibilities”,a new fever clinic management model,in prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia

BACKGROUND Since December 2019,there have been many new cases of coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan,Hubei Province,which has gradually spread throughout the country.AIM To explore our hospital’s innovative management system to ensure the efficient operation of fever clinics during the epidemic,since controlling the spread of disease is an important way to prevent and control the epidemic.METHODS In total,200 outpatients with fever at our hospital between November 2019 and July 2020 were selected and allocated into two groups.RESULTS The fever clinic in our hospital operated smoothly,and infection with the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has not been reported in our hospital.Additionally,we did not have any cases of missed diagnosis.The awareness regarding COVID-19 infection sources,transmission routes,early symptoms,and preventive measures was significantly higher in our fever clinic than in those of the pre-management group.CONCLUSION"An integrated system,three separate responsibilities"ensured the efficient functioning of our fever outpatient clinic and early screening of COVID-19 cases,which effectively curbed the transmission of COVID-19 and hence prevented COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic in our hospital,ultimately achieving the maximum effect of epidemic prevention and control.

Technical Specifications for Integrated Prevention and Control of Yellow Aphids

[Objectives]The purpose was to standardize the scientific prevention and control of yellow aphids and effectively control their occurrence and spread.[Methods]On the basis of consulting domestic and foreign data and standards extensively,a series of related trials were carried out.[Results]Technical specifications for integrated prevention and control of yellow aphids were formulated.[Conclusions]It is of great significance to the healthy and sustainable development of the fruit trees’industry,the implementation of standardized management,the reduction of pesticide uses,and the reduction of damage caused by yellow aphids to fruit trees,and also provides urgent-needed technical support and guarantee for the prevention and control of yellow aphids.

Teaching Model Integrating Online and Offline in Real Time ——An Exploration of New Teaching Mode for Regular Epidemic Prevention and Control

During epidemic,students in medium-risk or high-risk areas are unable to return to school on time.In response to this new challenge,there is an urgent need to create a new teaching mode to offer on-line courses to those absent from the offline classes,and we propose a model integrating online and offline teaching.It is based on“dual-camera”method,which allows off-campus students to virtually build up a physical classroom scenario on campus through computers and mobile phones.Using this model,students can participate in class remotely.In order to enhance the engagement of off-campus online students,emphasis is placed on interactive teaching.Teachers are required to design their teaching in advance and to work in collaboration with multiple departments,then using information technology and suitable teaching methods to enable students to participate in physical classroom teaching.This model has been tested in practice and has been successful in meeting the challenges.Finally,4 areas for improvement and refinement are identified.

Occurrence Regularity and Integrated Control Technology of Canker in Citrus

Canker is a quarantine bacterial disease that seriously harms leaves,branches and fruits of citrus,leading to a decrease in the production and affecting the commodity and sales of citrus.Citrus canker has the characteristics of fast spreading speed and difficult radical cure.Through the identification of symptoms and a summary of occurrence regularity,the integrated prevention and control technology for citrus canker is described in this article,in order to achieve effective prevention and control and reduce prevention and control cost.

Advances in Integrated Control Techniques of Rice Blast

Rice blast is the most devastating disease in rice,and it seriously threatens the safety of rice production.Improving the ability of integrated prevention and control of rice blast has always been an important part of ensuring food production safety.In the past decade,scientists have made great progress in the prevention and control techniques of rice blast,which paves the way for the green controlling of rice diseases.In this article,the advances in the intelligentization of rice blast field monitoring techniques,the optimization of prediction and forecast modeling system,the research and development of low-toxic and high-efficiency chemical pesticides,biogenic pesticides and inducers and the regulation of multiple ecological factors including variety and cultivation are reviewed,and the new strategies for green controlling of rice blast based on these techniques are summarized.Further,the problems such as high pesticide prices and pesticide residue faced by rice blast prevention and control and the challenge of slow research and development of low-toxic and economical biogenic pesticides are discussed.Finally,the development direction of green controlling of rice blast based on molecular targets,small interfering RNA(siRNA)and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies is predicted,with a view to guaranteeing the safety of rice production.

公立医院廉洁风险防控量化评价研究

目的探讨公立医院廉洁风险防控量化评价,为提升公立医院廉洁风险防控工作质效提供参考。方法自行设计《公立医院权力事项廉洁风险防控检查标准》,从权力运行流程梳理清晰程度、廉洁风险点查找准确程度、防控措施有力程度三个方面对四川大学华西医院各部门/临床医技科室提供的权力事项廉洁风险防控进行评分和评级。结果共检查了236个权力事项的廉洁风险防控情况,根据检查标准,57项评为一档,103项评为二档,76项评为三档,占比分别为24.15%、43.64%和32.20%。经检查,全院236个权力事项的廉洁风险防控检查得分为(5.82±1.92)分,其中,流程维度得分为(2.11±0.75)分,风险点查找维度得分为(1.89±0.75)分,防控维度得分为(1.89±0.79)分,体现出部分单位的工作流程不够清晰、个别风险点查找不准确、防控措施不具体等问题。结论医院要结合自身工作环节的问题,从思想、行为、成效和考核评价几方面入手,着力思考廉洁风险防控长期建设中的具体化、精准化、显著化和可量化。

高比例分布式可再生能源交直流混合配电网运行调控:科学问题与技术框架

随着分布式可再生能源发电与中低压直流组网技术的快速发展,未来配电网必然向复杂的交直流混合形态演进,其运行调控技术面临许多新的挑战。在高比例分布式可再生能源交直流混合配电网(HR-HDN)运行调控技术发展需求分析的基础上,提炼出HR-HDN运行调控技术的3个科学问题,并以多类型可控设备协同、源-网-荷-储高度互动化和市场化需求为研究主线,从稳定控制、故障主动防御与恢复、电力市场机制辅助调控以及“平台+数据”数字化集成调控4个方面,提出了HR-HDN的运行调控技术框架。最后,对HR-HDN运行调控关键技术的未来发展进行了展望。

玉米中后期病虫害控害增效药剂组合筛选

为了一体化防控玉米中后期病虫害,在玉米大喇叭口期至抽雄期,应用植保无人机,优化广谱、内吸传导性强、持效期长的杀菌剂与杀虫剂,并与微肥、飞防增效剂混配,开展了玉米中后期病虫害控害增效药剂组合筛选试验。结果表明,17%唑醚·氟环唑悬浮剂900 mL/hm^(2)+40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂180 g/hm^(2)+氨基酸液肥495 mL/hm^(2)+迈飛飞防专用增效剂300 mL/hm^(2)组合、43%唑醚·氟酰胺悬浮剂360 mL/hm^(2)+40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂180 g/hm^(2)+氨基酸液肥495 mL/hm^(2)+迈飛飞防专用增效剂300 mL/hm^(2)组合,对玉米大斑病、灰斑病的防治效果为79.8%~88.2%,对玉米螟、双斑萤叶甲的防治效果为92.3%~94.3%,增产率达15.2%,一次施药可达到防病、防虫、增产的效果。

“技防+监督”防控公立医院廉政风险的相关问题探讨

为了深入了解某省属公立医院关键重点岗位的廉政风险防控监督情况,通过问卷调查、结构化访谈等方法,全面分析了当前监督工作中存在的问题与挑战,提出了以“技防+监督”方式强化廉政风险防控的重要意义及相应解决方案。调研选取某省属公立医院的多个关键重点岗位员工作为调查对象,通过设计问卷和开展结构化访谈,收集了大量第一手资料。调研发现公立医院在廉政风险防控监督方面存在监督部门缺乏信息技术人才,监督工作的制度化、标准化程度有待提高,信息泄露、篡改等风险不容忽视。调研提出“完善制度,摸清底数,统一科学谋划;排查词库,精准聚焦,强化节点管控;梳理流程,制定表单,稳步推进联网;嵌入系统,规范运行,实现风险防控”的规范化、标准化管理解决方案,护航公立医院高质量发展。

山东黄河水文数字孪生关键技术研究及应用

为实现黄河流域防汛“四预”功能,对河道洪水、漫滩演进等过程进行精准的动态化预测预报,构建山东黄河水文数字孪生示范平台,介绍数字孪生构建过程中的多源异构数据融合、水动力学模型构建等关键技术,重点阐述基于流体解算的漫滩仿真和仿真推演方法、三维模拟和动态可视化渲染、洪水演进推演可视化配置等,可动态展示漫滩河段槽蓄量、滩蓄量、淹没趋势等核心数据,自主生成区域洪水灾害影响仿真评估报告。关键技术主要应用于洪水灾害防御业务、水资源优化配置及管理、水利工程全周期管理、河湖保护治理等领域,服务黄河防汛抗旱指挥、河道各级主管等部门,助力新阶段水利高质量发展。

体、卫、教融合的主动健康模式是青少年慢病防控的重要手段

党的十九大以来,我国卫生健康水平已得到显著提升,然而慢性病制约了我国卫生健康事业的进一步发展。主动健康是一种更为积极的健康管理策略,强调通过健康的生活方式以预防疾病发生,对慢性病的防控意义重大。鉴于我国慢性病患病群体已呈现年轻化趋势,从青少年时期即开始进行慢性病预防极为必要,研究显示,在青少年中推行主动健康策略,对慢性病预防和健康促进具有明显成效。体、卫、教融合是推动青少年主动健康理念落实的重要方式,通过将体育、医疗卫生、教育领域相融合的新理念,可更好地促进青少年健康发展,但目前体卫融合、体教融合尚不足,需此3个领域协同发展,共同完善相关措施,方可充分发挥对青少年主动健康的促进效应。

特大型硫磺储运系统粉尘防控技术应用总结

普光天然气净化厂设计硫磺产能2.4 Mt/a,是亚洲最大的硫磺生产基地。针对该厂特大型硫磺储运系统存在的皮带输送单元落地硫磺粉尘扩散、地下廊道硫磺粉尘超标、装车单元粉尘闪爆等安全隐患,围绕固体硫磺仓储、输送、装车环节开展粉尘风险防控难题攻关,研究皮带机集成清扫、地下廊道粉尘消减及粉尘闪爆综合治理技术,形成了特大型固体硫磺储运系统全流程粉尘防控关键技术,实现了安全清洁生产,提高了装置本质安全水平。

我国蓝莓害虫多样性及防治技术研究进展

蓝莓是深受人们喜爱的浆果类果品,近年来蓝莓种植在我国快速发展。害虫是影响蓝莓健康生产的重要因素之一,害虫防控是保障蓝莓产业健康发展的重要环节,首先综述了蓝莓害虫种类和主要害虫的发生危害特点,包括我国不同蓝莓产区优势害虫组成、种群动态;其次介绍了蓝莓害虫的综合防治技术,如植物检疫、农业措施、化学药剂使用等;最后分析了当前研究中存在的问题和挑战,对未来研究方向和发展趋势进行了展望。通过对蓝莓害虫多样性、主要种类的发生危害特点及防治技术研究现状的综合分析和总结,为蓝莓生产提供科学依据和指导。

中西医防控儿童轻中度近视的研究进展

随着近视日趋低龄化发展,防控工作的重点应前移至低龄儿童。本文通过回顾近年来中、西医防控低龄儿童(<11岁)轻、中度近视的研究,发现西医防控手段可一定程度上控制近视进展,但效果不够理想,且存在微生物性角膜炎、角膜溃疡等安全问题。以推拿、针灸、中药等为代表的中医适宜技术具有绿色安全、远期疗效相对稳定的特点,有利于弥补西医防控效果的不足,增强儿童近视防控的疗效与安全。

硬质岩滑坡深大抗滑桩一体化旋挖成孔技术及应用

硬质岩深大抗滑桩桩孔成孔效率是滑坡灾害防治的难点问题之一。选取川西南典型复杂山区硬质岩滑坡抗滑桩成孔为研究对象,系统分析了裂隙弱发育深部硬质玄武岩地层抗滑桩传统工艺成孔存在的问题,对此设计了9种组合旋挖成孔工艺方案进行现场试桩试验,从钻进效率、技术及经济可行性等方面进行了分析论证。现场试验及分析结果表明:采用“大扭矩截齿筒钻旋挖+扩孔直径差0.4 m”分级扩孔一体化成孔技术在硬质岩地层中钻进效率较高、钻具损耗较低、成本较低,验证了硬质岩抗滑桩高效旋挖分级扩孔技术的可行性和高效性,对比现有人工成孔、冲击钻成孔、旋挖一次成孔等工艺,从安全、效率、成本等方面均得到了极大提升。该技术成功应用于白鹤滩迁建集镇后缘滑坡桩基施工,每延米综合耗时1.43 h,较改进前旋挖一次成孔效率提升3倍,成本降低了60%。该技术为复杂地质条件下水敏型、震敏型硬质岩滑坡抗滑桩快速成孔施工提供了高效、可行的技术方案。

金属矿深部开采岩爆灾害防控研究进展与工程实践

随着浅部金属矿产资源的日益枯竭,金属矿山深部开采势在必行。开采进入深部后,高应力等复杂地质环境使得岩爆等灾害问题凸显,成为制约金属矿深部开采的主要问题之一。尽管岩爆灾害问题由来已久,但受其发生机制和监测手段的限制,始终未能得到有效解决。首先,通过文献调研,对岩爆评价体系和岩爆防控技术进行了系统的总结与归纳。结果表明,当前所提出的岩爆评价体系较多,能够对岩爆灾害的等级和倾向性进行较好地评价与预测。在岩爆防控技术体系方面,按照灾害处置时机和防护机制,可分为被动式防控技术和主动式防控技术两类。其次,基于开采方案优化和应力环境再造思想发展起来的整体规划理念,为金属矿深部开采岩爆灾害防控提供了新思路与新方法。最后,以三山岛金矿深部开采为背景,验证了整体规划理念下卸荷采矿方案在岩爆灾害防控上的优势与效果,为未来金属矿山深部开采岩爆灾害的超前干预与主动防控提供了有效借鉴。

以粪污水热资源化为核心的高效种养结合系统分析与展望

种养结合系统是实现养殖业和种植业可持续发展的重要途径。水热技术可以将畜禽粪污快速直接转化生产生物原油、水热炭、水相产物和气体产物,生成物分别具有燃料、土壤改良、农用杀菌剂和气体肥料应用潜力,以粪污水热资源化为核心构建的高效种养结合系统有助于提升畜禽粪污的无害化资源化水平和消纳能力、构建生态可持续的绿色循环农业,实现畜禽粪污资源化利用、种植业和养殖的协同高效发展。该研究基于国内外近十余年的研究,系统综述了粪污水热资源化产物在种养结合生态循环农业模式中的作用和应用潜力,论述了畜禽粪污水热转化生物原油在农业内燃机中作为燃料的研究现状,阐述了水相产物作为潜在的农用杀菌剂在作物病害防控中的作用,梳理了畜禽粪污源水热炭在转化机理、理化特性和还田应用中的研究进展,分析了气相产物中的组分和用于温室种植的潜力。在此基础上总结了以粪污水热资源化为核心的高效种养结合系统面临的主要挑战,并对水热资源化产物农业循环应用的研究方向进行展望。研究为畜禽粪污水热资源化和高效种养结合系统研究提供理论参考。

北京市疫情防控一体化平台建设与应用

目的 通过构建疫情防控一体化平台,实现全社会和各部门间的协同“抗疫”。方法 对传染病防控全流程进行深入研究和梳理,结合信息物理系统(CPS)、知识图谱、大数据、人工智能等技术,实现数据高效处理与分析,提升疫情防控智能化水平和协同效率。结果 构建了一个能够适应复杂场景、跨层级、跨部门共同协作的疫情防控一体化平台,为疫情防控工作提供有力的信息化支撑。结论 构建疫情防控一体化平台是提升重大传染病防控效率的关键举措,通过平台功能的不断完善和优化,未来可以更好地服务重大传染病防控工作。

柔模墙沿空留巷灾害一体化防治技术研究

在煤炭保供和工作面限员双重压力下,将煤矿灾害分别进行治理的理念和技术已不能适应新时代煤矿发展要求。通过工业性试验研究提出一种紧跟回采工作面浇筑1道饱满密实接顶且可即时承载的柔模混凝土连续墙,密闭采空区,保留原有巷道,并将保留下来的巷道作为灾害一体化防治工程平台。给出了利用该平台进行矿井水、火、瓦斯、顶板、热害、强矿压等重大灾害综合治理的技术途径,总结了该技术的适用条件,介绍了该技术在国家能源集团、潞安化工集团、陕煤集团等单位的灾害一体化防治效果。