A Study on the Effects and Toxicity of Tranquil in Experimental Animals

Effects of tranquil and its inhalation toxicity in experimental animals were studied. The drug was administered to the mice through respiratory tract by a static intoxication equipment. Automatic activities (AA) of mice were recorded by a YSD4G pharmacologicalphysiological multitrack recording equipment to evaluate the combined effects of tranquil and pentobarbital. Changes in amount of cerebral 5hydroxytryptamine(5HT) and 5hydroxyindole acetic acid (5HIAA) were observed. The results showed that tranquil could reduce the AA of mice and exert a synergic hypnotic effect with pentobarbital. There was a tendency in decreasing cerebral 5HT and increasing 5HIAA. LC50 value for mice exceeded 70 000 mg/m\+3. In rats exposed to tranquil at 59 066 mg/m\+3, 4 hours every day for 3 consecutive days, Author no respiratory irritative action was observed. This indicated the inhibitory effects of tranquil on the CNS of mice. Its action mechanism is probably different from that of diazepam and may be related to the function of central neurotransmitter 5hydroxytryptamine. Tranquil has low inhalation toxicity and no irritative action on the respiratory tract.\;

Cardiac involvement in hydrocarbon inhalant toxicity--role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging:A case report

BACKGROUND We report a patient who was diagnosed with toxic myopericarditis secondary to hydrocarbon abuse using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(CMR).CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old male presented to emergency department with chest pain for 3 d.Patient also reported sniffing hydrocarbon containing inhalant for the last 1 year.Labs showed elevated troponin and electrocardiography was suggestive of acute pericarditis.Echocardiogram showed left ventricular(LV)ejection fraction(EF)of 40%.Given patient’s troponin elevation and reduced EF,cardiac catheterization was performed which showed normal coronaries.CMR was performed for myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries evaluation.CMR showed borderline LV function with edema in mid and apical LV suggestive of myocarditis.CONCLUSION CMR can be used to diagnose toxic myopericarditis secondary to hydrocarbon abuse.

Perturbation of autophagy pathways in murine alveolar macrophage by 2D TMDCs is chalcogen-dependent

Increasing risks of incidental and occupational exposures to two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(2D TMDCs)due to their broad application in various areas raised their public health concerns.While the composition-dependent cytotoxicity of 2D TMDCs has been well-recognized,how the outer chalcogenide atoms and inner transition metal atoms differentially contribute to their perturbation on cell homeostasis at non-lethal doses remains to be identified.In the present work,we compared the autophagy induction and related mechanisms in response to WS_(2),NbS_(2),WSe_(2)and Nb Se_(2)nanosheets exposures in MH-S murine alveolar macrophages.All these 2D TMDCs had comparable physicochemical properties,overall cytotoxicity and capability in triggering autophagy in MH-S cells,but showed outer chalcogen-dependent subcellular localization and activation of autophagy pathways.Specifically,WS_(2)and NbS_(2)nanosheets adhered on the cell surface and internalized in the lysosomes,and triggered m TOR-dependent activation of autophagy.Meanwhile,WSe_(2)and Nb Se_(2)nanosheets had extensive distribution in cytoplasm of MH-S cells and induced autophagy in an m TOR-independent manner.Furthermore,the 2D TMDCs-induced perturbation on autophagy aggravated the cytotoxicity of respirable benzo[a]pyrene.These findings provide a deeper insight into the potential health risk of environmental 2D TMDCs from the perspective of homeostasis perturbation.