Pulse modulation provides a new way to tailor the electron density, electron energy and gas temperature in atmospheric radio-frequency（rf） discharges. In this paper, by increasing the rf frequency to several hundred...Pulse modulation provides a new way to tailor the electron density, electron energy and gas temperature in atmospheric radio-frequency（rf） discharges. In this paper, by increasing the rf frequency to several hundreds of MHz, or even much higher to the range of GHz, a very strong peak current in the first period（PCFP） with much larger electron energy can be formed during the power-on phase, which is not observed in the common pulse modulation discharges at a rf frequency of 13.56 MHz. The PIC-MCC model is explored to unveil the generation mechanism of PCFP, and based on the simulation data a larger voltage increasing rate over a quarter of a period and the distribution of electron density just before the power-on phase are believed to play key roles; the PCFP is usually produced in the microplasma regime driven by the pulsed power supply. The effects of duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency on the evolution of PCFP are also discussed from the computational data. Therefore, the duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency can be used to optimize the generation of PCFP and high-energy electrons.展开更多
This paper introduces the process of development and practical use implementation of an advanced river management system for supporting integrated water resources management practices in Asian river basins under the f...This paper introduces the process of development and practical use implementation of an advanced river management system for supporting integrated water resources management practices in Asian river basins under the framework of GEOSS Asia water cycle initiative （AWCI）. The system is based on integration of data from earth observation satellites and in-situ networks with other types of data, including numerical weather prediction model outputs, climate model outputs, geographical infor- mation, and socio-economic data. The system builds on the water and energy budget distributed hydrological model （WEB-DHM） that was adapted for specific conditions of studied basins, in particular snow and glacier phenomena and equipped with other functions such as dam operation optimization scheme and a set of tools for climate change impact assess- ment to be able to generate relevant information for policy and decision makers. In situ data were archived for 18 selected ba- sins at the Data Integration and Analysis System （DIAS） of Japan and demonstration projects were carded out showing poten- tial of the new system. It included climate change impact assessment on hydrological regimes, which is presently a critical step for sound management decisions. Results of such three case studies in Pakistan, Philippines, and Vietnam are provided here.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11375107 and 11675095)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(Grant No.2015JC050)
文摘Pulse modulation provides a new way to tailor the electron density, electron energy and gas temperature in atmospheric radio-frequency（rf） discharges. In this paper, by increasing the rf frequency to several hundreds of MHz, or even much higher to the range of GHz, a very strong peak current in the first period（PCFP） with much larger electron energy can be formed during the power-on phase, which is not observed in the common pulse modulation discharges at a rf frequency of 13.56 MHz. The PIC-MCC model is explored to unveil the generation mechanism of PCFP, and based on the simulation data a larger voltage increasing rate over a quarter of a period and the distribution of electron density just before the power-on phase are believed to play key roles; the PCFP is usually produced in the microplasma regime driven by the pulsed power supply. The effects of duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency on the evolution of PCFP are also discussed from the computational data. Therefore, the duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency can be used to optimize the generation of PCFP and high-energy electrons.
基金the Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research(APN)for financial support of the AWCI activities through several projects funded under the APN programmes
文摘This paper introduces the process of development and practical use implementation of an advanced river management system for supporting integrated water resources management practices in Asian river basins under the framework of GEOSS Asia water cycle initiative （AWCI）. The system is based on integration of data from earth observation satellites and in-situ networks with other types of data, including numerical weather prediction model outputs, climate model outputs, geographical infor- mation, and socio-economic data. The system builds on the water and energy budget distributed hydrological model （WEB-DHM） that was adapted for specific conditions of studied basins, in particular snow and glacier phenomena and equipped with other functions such as dam operation optimization scheme and a set of tools for climate change impact assess- ment to be able to generate relevant information for policy and decision makers. In situ data were archived for 18 selected ba- sins at the Data Integration and Analysis System （DIAS） of Japan and demonstration projects were carded out showing poten- tial of the new system. It included climate change impact assessment on hydrological regimes, which is presently a critical step for sound management decisions. Results of such three case studies in Pakistan, Philippines, and Vietnam are provided here.
