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A Cascade Analysis of Community Transmission Risks for HIV among People Who Inject Drugs Living with HIV in Iran
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作者 Monireh Faghir-Ganji Mostafa Shokoohi +4 位作者 Saharnaz Nedjat Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar Kamran Yazdani James G.Khan Ali Mirzazadeh 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第12期1171-1176,共6页
There are 22 times as many people living with HIV in the population of drug users as in the general population.This is because the injection and sexually risky behaviors prevalent in this population.Having multiple se... There are 22 times as many people living with HIV in the population of drug users as in the general population.This is because the injection and sexually risky behaviors prevalent in this population.Having multiple sexual partners and maintaining sexual networks with people who inject drugs (PWIDs),can increase the risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection^([1]).More than 65%of all HIVrelated cases in Iran can be traced back to people who inject drugs (PWID),and the number is estimated to be between 200,000 and 230,000 in Iran overall.Effective prevention,resources allocation and monitoring require an accurate estimate of the population of people who use illicit drugs^([2]). 展开更多
关键词 drugs PREVENTION injection
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Preparation of Thermosensitive Chitosan Formulations Containing 5-Fluorouracil/Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Microparticles Used as Injectable Drug Delivery System 被引量:7
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作者 昝佳 朱德权 +3 位作者 谭丰苹 蒋国强 林莹 丁富新 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第2期235-241,共7页
The auto-gelling and drug release properties of the thermosensitive chitosan-β-glycerophosphate formulation were investigated. According to rheological study, gelation lag time of chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (GP) ... The auto-gelling and drug release properties of the thermosensitive chitosan-β-glycerophosphate formulation were investigated. According to rheological study, gelation lag time of chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (GP) solutions varied from 2 to 60min with different deacetylation degree of chitosan, pH, gelation temperature, and the particles in the sol. The gelation properties were also found to influence the release profilles of a hydrophilic drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Morphological examination by scanning electron microphotography demonstrated that large "pores" occurred during the gel-forming process, which created hydrophilic environment and led to the rapid initial release of the drug (85% in f'LrSt 8h). Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), a biodegradable material, was applied here as scaffold to capture 5-FU into microparticles with high encapsulation efficiency by solvent-nonsolvent method. Combination of these microparticles into the chitosan-β-GP formulation could drop the rapid initial release from 85% down to 29% in the optimized PHB content (75%, by mass). The release could sustain for about 10 months. Tiffs study provided an understanding of the potential of injectable implant using thermosensitive chitosan-β-GP formulation containing PHB based particles for the water soluble drugs that need the property of long-term delivery. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogel CHITOSAN injectableS MICROPARTICLE drug release
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HIV-1 Transmission among Injecting Drug Users is Principally Derived from Local Circulating Strains in Guangxi, China
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作者 CEN Ping LIANG Hua Yue +12 位作者 YANG Yuan ZHANG Fei YANG Shi Xiong MO Ju Cong FENG Yi HUANG Jie Gang NING Chuan Yi HUANG Chun Yuan YANG Yao LIANG Na LIANG Bing Yu YE Li LIANG Hao 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期418-430,共13页
Objective The mode of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission via injection drug use(IDU)still exists, and the recent shift in IDU-related transmission of HIV infection is largely unknown. The purpose of this s... Objective The mode of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission via injection drug use(IDU)still exists, and the recent shift in IDU-related transmission of HIV infection is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal sources and dynamics of HIV-1 transmission through IDU in Guangxi.Methods We performed a molecular epidemiological investigation of infections across Guangxi from2009 to 2019. Phylogenetic and Bayesian time-geographic analyses of HIV-1 sequences were performed to confirm the characteristics of transmission between IDUs in combination with epidemiological data.Results Among the 535 subjects, CRF08_BC(57.4%), CRF01_AE(28.4%), and CRF07_BC(10.7%) were the top 3 HIV strains;72.6% of infections were linked to other provinces in the transmission network;93.6% of sequence-transmitted strains were locally endemic, with the rest coming from other provinces,predominantly Guangdong and Yunnan;92.1% of the HIV transmission among people who inject drugs tended to be transmitted between HIV-positive IDUs.Conclusion HIV recombinants were high diversity, and circulating local strains were the transmission sources among IDUs in Guangxi. However, there were still cases of IDUs linked to other provinces.Coverage of traditional prevention strategies should be expanded, and inter-provincial collaboration between Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guangdong provinces should be strengthened. 展开更多
关键词 HIV-1 injection drug use TRANSMISSION Strain source PHYLOGENETICS
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Hepatitis C virus control among persons who inject drugs requires overcoming barriers to care 被引量:1
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作者 Marija Zeremski Jon E Zibbell +3 位作者 Anthony D Martinez Steven Kritz Bryce D Smith Andrew H Talal 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2013年第44期7846-7851,共6页
Despite a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection,the vast majority of persons who inject drugs(PWID)have not engaged in HCV care due to a large number of obstacles.Education about the infection among both ... Despite a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection,the vast majority of persons who inject drugs(PWID)have not engaged in HCV care due to a large number of obstacles.Education about the infection among both PWID and providers remains an important challenge as does discrimination faced by PWID in conventional health care settings.Many providers also remain hesitant to prescribe antiviral therapy due to concerns about adherence and relapse to drug use resulting in reinfection.Presently,however,as a result of improvements in treatment efficacy combined with professional society and government endorsement of HCV treatment for PWID,a pressing need exists to develop strategies to engage these individuals into HCV care.In this article,we propose several strategies that can be pursued in an attempt to engage PWID into HCV management.We advocate that multidisciplinary approaches that utilize health care practitioners from a wide range of specialties,as well as co-localization of medical services,are strategies likely to result in increased numbers of PWID entering into HCV management.Pursuit of HCV therapy after stabilization through drug treatment is an additional strategy likely to increase PWID engagement into HCV care.The full impact of direct acting antivirals for HCV will only be realized if innovative approaches are pursued to engage all HCV infected individuals into treatment. 展开更多
关键词 TREATMENT of HEPATITIS C Viral infection Human immunodeficiency VIRUS HEPATITIS C VIRUS coinfection PERSONS WHO inject drugs Obstacles to TREATMENT
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Eligibility of persons who inject drugs for treatment of hepatitis C virus infection 被引量:1
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作者 Amber Arain Geert Robaeys 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2014年第36期12722-12733,共12页
In this decade, an increase is expected in end-stageliver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, most commonly caused by hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Although people who inject drugs(PWID) are the ma-jor source for... In this decade, an increase is expected in end-stageliver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, most commonly caused by hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Although people who inject drugs(PWID) are the ma-jor source for HCV infection, they were excluded fromantiviral treatments until recently. Nowadays there isincontrovertible evidence in favor of treating these patients, and substitution therapy and active substanceuse are no longer contraindications for antiviral treatment. The viral clearance in PWID after HCV antiviraltreatment with interferon or pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin is comparable to the viral clearancein non-substance users. Furthermore, multidisciplinary approaches to delivering treatment to PWID are advised, and their treatment should be considered on anindividualized basis. To prevent the spread of HCV inthe PWID community, recent active PWID are eligiblefor treatment in combination with needle exchange programs and substitution therapy. As the rate of HCV reinfection is low after HCV antiviral treatment, there is no need to withhold HCV treatment due to concerns about reinfection alone. Despite the advances in treatment efficacies and data supporting their success, HCV assessment of PWID and initiation of antiviral treatment remains low. However, the proportion of PWID assessed and treated for HCV is increasing, which can be further enhanced by understanding the barriers to and facilitators of HCV care. Removing stigmatization and implementing peer support and group treatment strategies, in conjunction with greater involvement by nurse educators/practitioners, will promote greater treatment seeking and adherence by PWID. Moreover, screening can be facilitated by noninvasive methods for detecting HCV antibodies and assessing liver fibrosis stages. Recently, HCV clearance has become a major endpoint in the war against drugs for the Global Commission on Drug Policy. This review highlights the most recent evidence concerning HCV infection and treatment strategies in PWID. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatitis C virus Persons who inject drugs METHADONE Sustained viral response ADHERENCE
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Hepatitis C virus/human T lymphotropic virus 1/2 coinfection:Regional burden and virological outcomes in people who inject drugs 被引量:1
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作者 Erika Castro Elena Roger 《World Journal of Virology》 2016年第2期68-72,共5页
This review analyses current data concerning co-infection with hepatitis C virus(HCV) and human T lymphotropic virus(HTLV)-1/2 in people who inject drugs(PWID), with a particular focus on disease burden and global imp... This review analyses current data concerning co-infection with hepatitis C virus(HCV) and human T lymphotropic virus(HTLV)-1/2 in people who inject drugs(PWID), with a particular focus on disease burden and global implications for virological outcome. In addition, the available treatment options for HTLV-1/2 are summarized and the on-going and likely future research challenges are discussed. The data in this review was obtained from 34 articles on HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infection in PWID retrieved from the Pub Med literature database and published between 1997 and 2015. Despite unavailable estimates of the burden of HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infection in general, the epidemiologic constellation of HTLV-1/2 shows high incidence in PWID with history of migration, incarceration, and other blood-borne infectious diseases such as HCV or human immunodeficiency virus. The most recent research data strongly suggest that HTLV-1 co-infection can influence HCV viral load, HCV sustained virological response to α-interferon treatment, and HCV-related liver disease progression. In short, outcome of HCV infection is worse in the context of HTLV-1 co-infection, yet more studies are needed to gain accurate estimations of the burden of HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infections. Moreover, in the current era of new direct-acting antiviral treatments for HCV and proven HTLV-1/2 treatment options, prospective clinical and treatment studies should be carried out, with particular focus on the PWID patient population, with the aim of improving virological outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 HEPATITIS C VIRUS HUMAN T lymphotropic VIRUS HEPATITIS C virus/human T lymphotropic virus-1/2 CO-INFECTION People who inject drugs HUMAN T lymphotropic virus-1/2 screening among people who inject drugs CO-INFECTION treatment
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Shenqi Fuzheng injection alleviates chemotherapy-induced cachexia by restoring glucocorticoid signaling in hypothalamus
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作者 Entezar Berik Zijia Zhang +16 位作者 Wei Li Yawen Liu Sihan Chen Wenyong Wu Zhaojun Wang Xinqin Kong Wenqiang Pei Huiqing Dong Huali Long Min Lei Jennifer Yiyang Wang Liangfeng Liu Jinjun Hou Jing Feng Zhaoxia Li Wanying Wu De-an Guo 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期431-434,共4页
Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the ce... Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the central nervous system(CNS)in CIC is often overlooked.Chemotherapeutic drugs cause stress responses and inflammation,which may impact the hypothalamus and disrupt systemic energy and neuroendocrine functions.Understanding hypothalamic roles in regulating these processes can provide insights into CIC's mechanisms and aid in developing novel therapies. 展开更多
关键词 injection drugs GLUCOCORTICOID CHEMOTHERAPY
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What Mice Can Teach Us about How to Stop Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis:Correct Chemotherapy Regimen and Patient Compliance are the Key
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作者 Igor Mokrousov Tatiana Vinogradova +4 位作者 Marine Dogonadze Maria Vitovskaya Natalia Zabolotnykh Sergei Chekrygin Anna Vyazovaya 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第9期1086-1090,共5页
Despite well-known limitations,mice remain useful as model animals to study tuberculosis(TB)pathogenesis,the basic immune response,the extent of lung pathology as well as efficacy of new drugs against Mycobacterium tu... Despite well-known limitations,mice remain useful as model animals to study tuberculosis(TB)pathogenesis,the basic immune response,the extent of lung pathology as well as efficacy of new drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis[1,2].There are four routes of tuberculosis infection in mice:aerosol generation and exposition,intravenous injection,intranasal administration,and subcutaneous administration[3]. 展开更多
关键词 TUBERCULOSIS drugs injection
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Tofacitinib combined with local low-dose ixekizumab injection benefits those with peripheral psoriatic arthritis
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作者 Yours Sincerely Ruiyuan Xia +2 位作者 Weixin Zhang Jing Hang Zhiqiang Yin 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS CSCD 2024年第1期92-94,共3页
Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always difficult.Systemic treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics... Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always difficult.Systemic treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs[1].The alternatives,topical external therapies,are not effective on joint lesions due to drug permeability issues.Drugs injected into the articular cavity are also unsuitable for small peripheral joint lesions,the most common manifestations of PsA.The limited treatment options for PsA present a challenge. 展开更多
关键词 injectION drugs cavity treatment
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Injectable“cocktail”hydrogel with dual-stimuli-responsive drug release,photothermal ablation,and drug-antibody synergistic effect 被引量:1
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作者 Li Zhao Jiawen Xu +4 位作者 Yao Tong Pengyu Gong Fucheng Gao Hui Li Yanyan Jiang 《SmartMat》 2024年第2期43-53,共11页
The combination of the first-line standard chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin hydrochloride(DOX)and the molecular-targeted drug Herceptin(HCT)has emerged as a promising strategy for human epidermal growth receptor 2(HE... The combination of the first-line standard chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin hydrochloride(DOX)and the molecular-targeted drug Herceptin(HCT)has emerged as a promising strategy for human epidermal growth receptor 2(HER-2)overexpressing breast cancer treatment.However,insufficient drug accumulation and severe cardiotoxicity are two major challenges that limit its clinical application.Herein,an in situ forming gold nanorods(AuNRs)-sodium alginate(ALG)hybrid hydrogel encapsulating DOX and HCT was engineered for tumor synergistic therapy involving injectable,dual-stimuli-responsive drug release,photothermal ablation,and drug-antibody synergistic therapy.The photothermal agent AuNRs,anticancer drug DOX,and anticancer antibody HCT were mixed in ALG solution,and after injection,the soluble ALG was quickly transformed into a hydrogel in the presence of Ca^(2+)in the body.Significantly,the hybrid hydrogel exhibits an extremely high photothermal conversion efficiency of 70%under 808 nm laser irradiation.The thermal effect can also provide photothermal stimulation to trigger the drug release from the gel matrix.In addition,the drug release rate and the releasing degree are also sensitive to the pH.In vitro studies demonstrated that the PEI-AuNR/DOX/HCT/ALG hydrogel has facilitated the therapeutic efficiency of each payload and demonstrated a strong synergistic killing effect on SK-BR-3 cells.In vivo imaging results showed that the local drug delivery system can effectively reduce the nonspecific distribution in normal tissues and increase drug concentration at tumor sites.The proposed hydrogel system shows significant clinical implications by easily introducing a sustainable photothermal therapy and a potential universal carrier for the local delivery of multiple drugs to overcome the challenges faced in HER-2 overexpressing cancer therapy. 展开更多
关键词 dual-stimuli-responsive drug release HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer injectable hydrogel photothermal therapy synergistic effect
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Injection drug use and HIV/AIDS transmission in China 被引量:17
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作者 Tian Xin CHU Judith A LEVY 《Cell Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第11期865-869,共5页
After nearly three decades of being virtually drug free, use of heroin and other illicit drugs has re-emerged in China as a major public health problem. One result is that drug abuse, particularly heroin injection, ha... After nearly three decades of being virtually drug free, use of heroin and other illicit drugs has re-emerged in China as a major public health problem. One result is that drug abuse, particularly heroin injection, has come to play a predomi- nant role in fueling China’s AIDS epidemic. The first outbreak of HIV among China’s IDUs was reported in the border area of Yunnan province between China and Myanmar where drug trafficking is heavy. Since then drug-related HIV has spread to all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. This paper provides an overview to HIV/AIDS transmission through injection drug use in China. It begins with a brief history of the illicit drug trade in China, followed by a discussion of the emergence of drug related AIDS, and a profile of drug users and their sexual partners who have contracted the virus or who are vulnerable to infection. It ends by summarizing three national strategies being used by China to address both drug use and AIDS as major health threats. 展开更多
关键词 injecting drug use China HIV/AIDS drug trafficking METHADONE
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A mimic of soft tissue infection: intra-arterial injection drug use producing hand swelling and digital ischemia 被引量:1
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作者 Sean D.Foster Michael S.Lyons +1 位作者 Christopher M.Runyan Edward J.Otten 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 CAS 2015年第3期233-236,共4页
BACKGROUND: Inadvertent intra-arterial injection of illicit substances is a known complication of injection drug use and can lead to severe complications, including infection, ischemia and compartment syndrome. Identi... BACKGROUND: Inadvertent intra-arterial injection of illicit substances is a known complication of injection drug use and can lead to severe complications, including infection, ischemia and compartment syndrome. Identifying complications of intra-arterial injection can be difficult, as clinical manifestations overlap with other more common conditions such as cellulitis and soft tissue infection, and a history of injection drug use is frequently not disclosed.METHODS: A 37-year-old male patient presented with 24 hours of right hand pain, erythema and swelling. Despite classic "track marks", he denied a history of injection drug use, and vascular insults were not initially considered. After failing to respond to three days of aggressive treatment for suspected deep-space infection, an arteriogram demonstrated findings consistent with digital ischemia of embolic etiology.RESULTS: As a result of the delay in diagnosis, the lesion was not amenable to reperfusion and the patient required amputation of the distal digit.CONCLUSION: Practitioners should be alert to the possibility of intra-arterial injection and resulting complications when evaluating unusual extremity infections or unexplained ischemic symptoms, even in the absence of a definite history of injection drug use. 展开更多
关键词 Intra-arterial injection Opioid abuse injection drug use Digital ischemia
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Topological and Historical Considerations for Infectious Disease Transmission among Injecting Drug Users in Bushwick, Brooklyn (USA)
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作者 Kirk Dombrowski Richard Curtis +1 位作者 Samuel Friedman Bilal Khan 《World Journal of AIDS》 2013年第1期1-9,共9页
Recent interest by physicists in social networks and disease transmission factors has prompted debate over the topology of degree distributions in sexual networks. Social network researchers have been critical of “sc... Recent interest by physicists in social networks and disease transmission factors has prompted debate over the topology of degree distributions in sexual networks. Social network researchers have been critical of “scale-free” Barabasi-Albert approaches, and largely rejected the preferential attachment, “rich-get-richer” assumptions that underlie that model. Instead, research on sexual networks has pointed to the importance of homophily and local sexual norms in dictating degree distributions, and thus disease transmission thresholds. Injecting Drug User (IDU) network topologies may differ from the emerging models of sexual networks, however. Degree distribution analysis of a Brooklyn, NY, IDU network indicates a different topology than the spanning tree configurations discussed for sexual networks, instead featuring comparatively short cycles and high concurrency. Our findings suggest that IDU networks do in some ways conform to a “scale-free” topology, and thus may represent “reservoirs” of potential infection despite seemingly low transmission thresholds. 展开更多
关键词 Social Network Analysis injectING drug USERS SCALE-FREE Networks
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Comparason of Peri-Articular Multimodal Drug Injection with Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Block after Total Knee Arthroplasty
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作者 Calum H. C. Arthur Alexander M. Wood +1 位作者 Charles Leeson-Payne Steffen J. Breusch 《Open Journal of Orthopedics》 2012年第4期155-158,共4页
Good perioperative analgesia following total knee arthroplasty facilitates rehabilitation and may reduce hospital stay. We present the patient analgesic requirements and rehabilitation of a prospective single surgeon ... Good perioperative analgesia following total knee arthroplasty facilitates rehabilitation and may reduce hospital stay. We present the patient analgesic requirements and rehabilitation of a prospective single surgeon series after the introduction of a multimodal drug injection during his total knee arthroplasty. Basic epidemiological data as well as analgesic, antiemetic requirements and time to straight leg raised was collected on 27 consecutive patients (group 1) whom received the multimodal drug injection, consisting of levobupivacaine, ketorolac and adrenaline at the time of their total knee arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia. Their rehabilitation was compared to a retrospective review of patients who were case matched by age and sex (group 2n = 26), whom had received the unit standard of spinal anaesthetic and a femoral and sciatic block at the time of their operation. Patients in group 1 had significantly lower analgesic and antiemetic requirements than group 2. Group 1 also had a significantly shorter hospital stay. We have demonstrated that periarticular multimodal drug injection can improve perioperative analgesia and mobilisation following total knee arthroplasty as well as reducing opioid requirements and side effects. 展开更多
关键词 ANALGESIA Total KNEE Replacement MULTIMODAL drug injection Peripheral NERVE Blocks Rehabilitation
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Estimating the Size of an Injecting Drug User Population
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作者 Yang Zhao 《World Journal of AIDS》 2011年第3期88-93,共6页
This article describes a sampling and estimation scheme for estimating the size of an injecting drug user (IDU) population by combining classical sampling and respondent-driven sampling procedures. It is designed to u... This article describes a sampling and estimation scheme for estimating the size of an injecting drug user (IDU) population by combining classical sampling and respondent-driven sampling procedures. It is designed to use the information from harm reduction programs, especially, Needle Exchange Programs (NEPs). The approach involves using respondent-driven sampling design to collect a sample of injecting drug users who appear at site of NEP in a certain period of time and to obtain retrospective self-report data on the number of friends among the IDUs and number of needles exchanged for each sampled injecting drug user. A methodology is developed to estimate the size of injecting drug users who have ever used the NEP during the fixed period of time, and which allows us to estimate the proportion of injecting drug users in using NEP. The size of the IDU population is estimated by dividing the total number of IDUs who using NEPs during the period of time by the estimated proportion of IDUs in the group. The technique holds promise for providing data needed to answer questions such as “What is the size of an IDU population in a city?” and “Is that size changing?” and better understand the dynamics of the IDU population. The methodology described here can also be used to estimate size of other hard-to-reach population by using information from harm reduction programs. 展开更多
关键词 injectING drug Users Needle Exchange Programs Respondent-Driven Sampling ESTIMATING the SIZE of AN IDU POPULATION
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Analysis and Management of Adverse Drug Reactions after Injection of Amphotericin B in AIDS Patients with Fungal Infection
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作者 Caifeng Yan Qing Lin +3 位作者 Buqing Su Xiaoye Su Hanzhen Su Lida Mo 《Natural Science》 2022年第2期62-70,共9页
Objective: To understand the condition of adverse drug reactions and the treatment procedures of amphotericin B for injection in patients with AIDS complicated with fungal infection. Methods: For the research object, ... Objective: To understand the condition of adverse drug reactions and the treatment procedures of amphotericin B for injection in patients with AIDS complicated with fungal infection. Methods: For the research object, a retrospective analysis of adverse reactions of amphotericin B injection in 121 patients of AIDS complicated with fungal infection was reported in our hospital from October 2017 to June 2021 to observe the adverse drug reactions of patients after treatment with amphotericin B for injection, 87 cases with general degree (regarded as the general group) and 34 cases with serious degree (regarded as the serious group), and analyze the general data, medication and course of disease of the two groups for symptomatic treatment. Results: Adverse reactions such as hypokalemia, abnormal liver function, renal impairment, leucopenia and drug fever were more common in the two groups, and there were also many adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression, rash, anemia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, pruritus, angina pectoris, vertigo, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The rates of leukopenia and drug fever in general group were significantly lower than those in severe group (P < 0.05);in the dose of amphotericin B used, the rate of using 25 mg and more than 25 mg in the general group was significantly lower than that in the severe group (P < 0.05). After symptomatic treat-ment, most patients have improved, and a few are unknown or have not improved. Con-clusion: Amphotericin B for injection has great side effects and will cause different degrees of adverse drug reactions. The dose of amphotericin B for clinical treatment should be ad-justed and disposed according to the adverse reactions to avoid serious consequences. 展开更多
关键词 AIDS FUNGUS Amphotericin B for injection drugs Adverse Reaction
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A review on the Pharmacology and Adverse Drug Reaction of Chaihu Herbal Injection
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作者 Cui-Hong Zhu Xiao-Yan Wang +2 位作者 Dan Chen Jia-Wen Zhao Xue Yang 《Asian Toxicology Research》 2020年第1期42-47,共6页
The Chaihu herbal injection was the first herbal injection to be developed and used in China,which has been used in clinic for more than 70 years.This injection is widely used to treat fever caused by influenza or com... The Chaihu herbal injection was the first herbal injection to be developed and used in China,which has been used in clinic for more than 70 years.This injection is widely used to treat fever caused by influenza or common cold and malaria.However,there is an ongoing debate about the safety of the clinical use of Chaihu herbal injection in view of the large number of adverse drug reaction reports and literature in China.On May 29,2018,the China Food and Drug Administration issued a notice requiring to revise the instruction manual of Chaihu herbal injection,list"prohibit for children"under the taboo item,and add the warning"adverse reactions of this product include anaphylactic shock".The purpose of this review is to provide updated,comprehensive information on the pharmacology and adverse drug reaction of Chaihu herbal injection based on scientific literatures in the past few decades. 展开更多
关键词 Chaihu herbal injection Radix Bupleuri Chaihu TOXICOLOGY Adverse drug reaction PHARMACOLOGY
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Random Forest Analysis the Influencing Factors on Adverse Drug Reactions of Qingkailing Injection
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作者 Meng-Meng Ji Hong-Li Wu +4 位作者 Wei Yang Jun Liu Ya-Nan Yu Zhong Wang Zhi-Wei Jing 《Asian Toxicology Research》 2019年第1期29-36,共8页
Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of adverse drug reaction(ADR)in Qingkailing injection.Methods:Based on the hospitals centralized monitoring data of multicenter and prospective,the patients who used Qi... Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of adverse drug reaction(ADR)in Qingkailing injection.Methods:Based on the hospitals centralized monitoring data of multicenter and prospective,the patients who used Qingkailing injection from January 2013 to March 2016 were monitored in 48 medical institutions in China.The nesting case-control study was used and the random forest was used for analysis.The main contents of the analysis are as follows:past history,past allergy history and ADR history,clinical diagnosis,dosage,interval drug,solvent type,combined drug use,etc.Results:A total of 30842 cases with Qingkailing injection were included,with 92 cases of adverse reactions and the incidence of adverse reactions was 3‰.According to the nested case-control study design,the influencing factors of 92 patients with ADR and 276 non-drug-related adverse reactions were displayed on the basis of statistical description(significance level P≤0.2 and clinical information)using Random forest analysis shows that the factors affecting the ADR of the Qingkailing injection according to the MeandecaseGini are from high to low in the first 15 positions:Vitamin supplements,tumors,gastrointestinal diseases,traditional Chinese medicine,previous allergic history,cerebral insufficiency,rash,urinary tract infection,vascular and lymphovascular diseases,pioglitazone,metabolic and endocrine system drugs,past ADR history,respiratory and mediastinal diseases,dioxpromazide,pneumonia.Conclusion:The incidence of adverse reactions in Qingkailing injection hospital is 3%.The factors closely related to the occurrence of ADR are previous tumors,gastrointestinal diseases,history of adverse reactions of rash,urinary tract infection,insufficient cerebral blood supply,respiratory system and other diseases,pioglitazone and other combined drugs. 展开更多
关键词 Qingkaoling injection Centralized hospital monitoring Adverse drug reactions Influencing factors Random forest
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导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病的操作流程 被引量:2
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作者 冯靖 刘丹 +4 位作者 万南生 王杰 句仁华 谢巍 田羽 《天津医药》 CAS 2024年第1期83-86,共4页
全身使用有效抗霉菌药物是治疗肺部霉菌病的基础治疗方法,同时,经过内镜注药是气管、支气管和肺部霉菌病最重要的治疗方式之一。相比内镜注药,导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病具有较多优势,包括可接驳注射泵持续缓... 全身使用有效抗霉菌药物是治疗肺部霉菌病的基础治疗方法,同时,经过内镜注药是气管、支气管和肺部霉菌病最重要的治疗方式之一。相比内镜注药,导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病具有较多优势,包括可接驳注射泵持续缓慢地注入药物,可避免反复进行呼吸内镜等。该文介绍了导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病的操作流程。 展开更多
关键词 支气管镜 肺疾病 真菌性 导向注药套管经鼻悬吊
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基于多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具对中药注射剂的管控效果分析 被引量:1
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作者 马娟娟 程月召 +4 位作者 石婧 高旭 范顺心 陈品英 程杰 《中国医院用药评价与分析》 2024年第2期252-256,共5页
目的:探讨多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具用于医院中药注射剂管理的成效,为促进中药注射剂的合理应用提供参考。方法:成立多学科协作管理小组,运用PDCA质量管理工具,采取综合干预措施管控河北省中医院(以下简称“该院”)中药... 目的:探讨多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具用于医院中药注射剂管理的成效,为促进中药注射剂的合理应用提供参考。方法:成立多学科协作管理小组,运用PDCA质量管理工具,采取综合干预措施管控河北省中医院(以下简称“该院”)中药注射剂的临床应用。以2020年为干预前、2021年为第1阶段干预后、2022年为第2阶段干预后,对比干预效果。结果:干预前,该院中药注射剂合理使用率为92.38%(3 008/3 256),第1阶段干预后、第2阶段干预后分别升高至94.64%(3 740/3 952)、97.34%(3 766/3 869),与干预前的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),中药注射剂不合理使用情况得到明显改善。第2阶段干预后,在超疗程、未冲管方面较第1阶段干预后明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且未发现中西药混合输注、溶剂剂量不适宜、给药途径不适宜、溶剂种类选择不当等问题。干预后,中药注射剂相关不良反应占药品总不良反应的比例呈逐年降低趋势,尤其是第2阶段干预后较干预前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P=0.013)。结论:在医院中药注射剂管理中运用多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具,可使管理质量显著提高,该方法值得在医院药事管理中推广。 展开更多
关键词 中药注射剂 多学科协作管理 PDCA 合理用药
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