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HIV-1 Transmission among Injecting Drug Users is Principally Derived from Local Circulating Strains in Guangxi, China
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作者 CEN Ping LIANG Hua Yue +12 位作者 YANG Yuan ZHANG Fei YANG Shi Xiong MO Ju Cong FENG Yi HUANG Jie Gang NING Chuan Yi HUANG Chun Yuan YANG Yao LIANG Na LIANG Bing Yu YE Li LIANG Hao 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期418-430,共13页
Objective The mode of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission via injection drug use(IDU)still exists, and the recent shift in IDU-related transmission of HIV infection is largely unknown. The purpose of this s... Objective The mode of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission via injection drug use(IDU)still exists, and the recent shift in IDU-related transmission of HIV infection is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal sources and dynamics of HIV-1 transmission through IDU in Guangxi.Methods We performed a molecular epidemiological investigation of infections across Guangxi from2009 to 2019. Phylogenetic and Bayesian time-geographic analyses of HIV-1 sequences were performed to confirm the characteristics of transmission between IDUs in combination with epidemiological data.Results Among the 535 subjects, CRF08_BC(57.4%), CRF01_AE(28.4%), and CRF07_BC(10.7%) were the top 3 HIV strains;72.6% of infections were linked to other provinces in the transmission network;93.6% of sequence-transmitted strains were locally endemic, with the rest coming from other provinces,predominantly Guangdong and Yunnan;92.1% of the HIV transmission among people who inject drugs tended to be transmitted between HIV-positive IDUs.Conclusion HIV recombinants were high diversity, and circulating local strains were the transmission sources among IDUs in Guangxi. However, there were still cases of IDUs linked to other provinces.Coverage of traditional prevention strategies should be expanded, and inter-provincial collaboration between Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guangdong provinces should be strengthened. 展开更多
关键词 HIV-1 injection drug use TRANSMISSION Strain source PHYLOGENETICS
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Shenqi Fuzheng injection alleviates chemotherapy-induced cachexia by restoring glucocorticoid signaling in hypothalamus
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作者 Entezar Berik Zijia Zhang +16 位作者 Wei Li Yawen Liu Sihan Chen Wenyong Wu Zhaojun Wang Xinqin Kong Wenqiang Pei Huiqing Dong Huali Long Min Lei Jennifer Yiyang Wang Liangfeng Liu Jinjun Hou Jing Feng Zhaoxia Li Wanying Wu De-an Guo 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期431-434,共4页
Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the ce... Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the central nervous system(CNS)in CIC is often overlooked.Chemotherapeutic drugs cause stress responses and inflammation,which may impact the hypothalamus and disrupt systemic energy and neuroendocrine functions.Understanding hypothalamic roles in regulating these processes can provide insights into CIC's mechanisms and aid in developing novel therapies. 展开更多
关键词 injection DRUGS GLUCOCORTICOID CHEMOTHERAPY
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Does HSP27 injection induce glaucoma damage in mice?
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作者 Stephanie C.Joachim Sabrina Reinehr 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第11期2347-2348,共2页
In a further aging society,excellent eyesight is an integral part of overall well-being and quality of life.Preserving good vision is crucial to maintaining mobility,independence,and mental health.There can be several... In a further aging society,excellent eyesight is an integral part of overall well-being and quality of life.Preserving good vision is crucial to maintaining mobility,independence,and mental health.There can be several reasons for visual impairment in elderly people,these include age-related macular degeneration,the leading cause of vision loss among older adults,cataract,glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy,retinal detachment,and others. 展开更多
关键词 HSP27 injectION DAMAGE
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Numerical Simulation of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition during Natural Gas and CO_(2) Injection
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作者 Shasha Feng Yi Liao +3 位作者 Weixin Liu Jianwen Dai Mingying Xie Li Li 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2024年第2期275-292,共18页
Asphaltene deposition is a significant problem during gas injection processes,as it can block the porous medium,the wellbore,and the involved facilities,significantly impacting reservoir productivity and ultimate oil re... Asphaltene deposition is a significant problem during gas injection processes,as it can block the porous medium,the wellbore,and the involved facilities,significantly impacting reservoir productivity and ultimate oil recovery.Only a few studies have investigated the numerical modeling of this potential effect in porous media.This study focuses on asphaltene deposition due to natural gas and CO_(2) injection.Predictions of the effect of gas injection on asphaltene deposition behavior have been made using a 3D numerical simulation model.The results indicate that the injection of natural gas exacerbates asphaltene deposition,leading to a significant reduction in permeability near the injection well and throughout the reservoir.This reduction in permeability strongly affects the ability of gas toflow through the reservoir,resulting in an improvement of the displacement front.The displacement effi-ciency of the injection gas process increases by up to 1.40%when gas is injected at 5500 psi,compared to the scenario where the asphaltene model is not considered.CO_(2) injection leads to a miscible process with crude oil,extracting light and intermediate components,which intensifies asphaltene precipitation and increases the viscosity of the remaining crude oil,ultimately reducing the recovery rate. 展开更多
关键词 Reservoir simulation asphaltenes deposition natural gas injection CO_(2)injection
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Tofacitinib combined with local low-dose ixekizumab injection benefits those with peripheral psoriatic arthritis
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作者 Yours Sincerely Ruiyuan Xia +2 位作者 Weixin Zhang Jing Hang Zhiqiang Yin 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS CSCD 2024年第1期92-94,共3页
Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always difficult.Systemic treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics... Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always difficult.Systemic treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs[1].The alternatives,topical external therapies,are not effective on joint lesions due to drug permeability issues.Drugs injected into the articular cavity are also unsuitable for small peripheral joint lesions,the most common manifestations of PsA.The limited treatment options for PsA present a challenge. 展开更多
关键词 injectION DRUGS cavity treatment
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Liquid injectivity in a SAG foam process:Effect of permeability
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作者 Jia-Kun Gong Yuan Wang +4 位作者 Ridhwan-Zhafri B.Kamarul Bahrim Raj-Deo Tewari Mohammad-Iqbal Mahamad Amir Rouhi Farajzadeh William Rossen 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期302-314,共13页
Foam is utilized in enhanced oil recovery and CO_(2) sequestration.Surfactant-alternating-gas(SAG)is a preferred approach for placing foam into reservoirs,due to it enhances gas injection and minimizes corrosion in fa... Foam is utilized in enhanced oil recovery and CO_(2) sequestration.Surfactant-alternating-gas(SAG)is a preferred approach for placing foam into reservoirs,due to it enhances gas injection and minimizes corrosion in facilities.Our previous studies with similar permeability cores show that during SAG injection,several banks occupy the area near the well where fluid exhibits distinct behaviour.However,underground reservoirs are heterogeneous,often layered.It is crucial to understand the effect of permeability on fluid behaviour and injectivity in a SAG process.In this work,coreflood experiments are conducted in cores with permeabilities ranging from 16 to 2300 mD.We observe the same sequence of banks in cores with different permeabilities.However,the speed at which banks propagate and their overall mobility can vary depending on permeability.At higher permeabilities,the gas-dissolution bank and the forced-imbibition bank progress more rapidly during liquid injection.The total mobilities of both banks decrease with permeability.By utilizing a bank-propagation model,we scale up our experimental findings and compare them to results obtained using the Peaceman equation.Our findings reveal that the liquid injectivity in a SAG foam process is misestimated by conventional simulators based on the Peaceman equation.The lower the formation permeability,the greater the error. 展开更多
关键词 Foam Enhanced oil recovery Surfactant-alternating-gas injectIVITY PERMEABILITY
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Experimental study of the influencing factors and mechanisms of the pressure-reduction and augmented injection effect by nanoparticles in ultra-low permeability reservoirs
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作者 Pan Wang Yu-Hang Hu +8 位作者 Liao-Yuan Zhang Yong Meng Zhen-Fu Ma Tian-Ru Wang Zi-Lin Zhang Ji-Chao Fang Xiao-Qiang Liu Qing You Yan Zhang 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期1915-1927,共13页
Nanoparticles(NPs)have gained significant attention as a functional material due to their ability to effectively enhance pressure reduction in injection processes in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.NPs are typically... Nanoparticles(NPs)have gained significant attention as a functional material due to their ability to effectively enhance pressure reduction in injection processes in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.NPs are typically studied in controlled laboratory conditions,and their behavior in real-world,complex environments such as ultra-low permeability reservoirs,is not well understood due to the limited scope of their applications.This study investigates the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of NPs in decreasing injection pressure under various injection conditions(25—85℃,10—25 MPa).The results reveal that under optimal injection conditions,NPs effectively reduce injection pressure by a maximum of 22.77%in core experiment.The pressure reduction rate is found to be positively correlated with oil saturation and permeability,and negatively correlated with temperature and salinity.Furthermore,particle image velocimetry(PIV)experiments(25℃,atmospheric pressure)indicate that the pressure reduction is achieved by NPs through the reduction of wall shear resistance and wettability change.This work has important implications for the design of water injection strategies in ultra-low permeability reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 NANOPARTICLE Pressure reduction Augmented injection Ultra-low permeability reservoir
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Background diseases and the number of previous intravitreal aflibercept injections on immediate intraocular pressure increase and vitreous reflux rate in phakic eyes
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作者 Tetsuya Muto Shigeki Machida Shinichiro Imaizumi 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2024年第3期545-550,共6页
●AIM:To evaluate the effect of background diseases and number of previous intravitreal aflibercept injections(IVAIs)on immediate intraocular pressure(IOP)increase and vitreous reflux(VR)rate and to evaluate the corre... ●AIM:To evaluate the effect of background diseases and number of previous intravitreal aflibercept injections(IVAIs)on immediate intraocular pressure(IOP)increase and vitreous reflux(VR)rate and to evaluate the correlation of both age and axial length with immediate IOP increase and VR rate.●METHODS:This study included 105 patients with cystoid macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion,35 patients with diabetic macular edema,69 patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD),and 12 patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization,which underwent first-time IVAI.The correlation of immediate IOP increase and VR rates with the four background diseases was investigated.Moreover,the correlation of age with immediate IOP increase and VR rate as well as correlation of axial length with immediate IOP increase and VR rate were evaluated.Further,54 patients with nAMD were treated with IVAI>10 times(multiple IVAIs).Moreover,the correlation of immediate IOP increase and VR rates with first-time and multiple IVAIs in nAMD was determined.●RESULTS:The immediate IOP increase(P=0.16)and VR rates(P=0.50)were almost similar among the four background diseases.The immediate postinjection IOP and age,VR rate and age,immediate postinjection IOP and axial length,or VR rate and axial length were not correlated in the four background diseases.The immediate IOP increase(P=0.66)and VR rates(P=0.28)did not significantly differ between first-time and multiple IVAIs in nAMD.●CONCLUSION:Background diseases and number of previous IVAIs have no effect on immediate IOP increase and VR rate.Further,age and axial length have no correlation on immediate IOP increase and VR rate. 展开更多
关键词 AFLIBERCEPT intraocular pressure vitreous reflux intravitreal injection
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Intravitreal injection practice patterns among Chinese ophthalmologists
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作者 Li Su Yin-Chen Shen +3 位作者 Hong Li Bo Mou Kun Liu Xun Xu 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2024年第9期1717-1722,共6页
AIM:To describe the practice patterns of intravitreal injections(IVIs)among ophthalmologists in China.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional online survey.Ophthalmologists who had performed accumulated more than 100 injec... AIM:To describe the practice patterns of intravitreal injections(IVIs)among ophthalmologists in China.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional online survey.Ophthalmologists who had performed accumulated more than 100 injections were contacted by the Brightness Center,a hospital-based national network,to complete an anonymous,24-question,internet-based survey.They were surveyed on practices in injection techniques,pre-,and post-injections procedures.RESULTS:A total of 333 ophthalmologists from 28 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions responded to the survey(50.68%response rate).The 91.29%of the respondents evaluated systemic risk factors by medical history,electrocardiogram(ECG)and blood test.All the respondents used pre-injection prophylactic antibiotics.Most checked intraocular pressure(IOP,99.1%)and blood pressure(96.1%)before injections.A majority of the respondents performed injections in the operating room(98.8%),wore masks(99.7%),gloves(99.4%)and sterile surgical clothing(96.1%),performed topical anesthetics(97.9%),and applied povidone-iodine(95.8%)pre-injection.The 61.26%of the respondents dilated pupil.About half of the respondents(51.05%)performed bilateral injections in the same setting.Superior temporal quadrant(40.54%)was the most frequent site of injection.Around three quarters used 30-gauge needles.Most respondents(97.9%)measured the site of injection from limbus.More than half(53.45%)performed conjunctiva displacement prior to injection.The 32.43%of the respondents checked IOP post-injection and 87.99%physicians checked hand motion(HM)or counting fingers(CF)after injection,while 36.94%observed optic nerve perfusion.All participants used topical antibiotics post-injections.Most physicians(91.89%)reviewed patients on the following day.CONCLUSION:This study provides a description of the real-world practice patterns in IVIs in China and offers critical information regarding education and training of ophthalmologists and amendment of local society guidelines. 展开更多
关键词 intravitreal injections practice pattern topical antibiotics Chinese ophthalmologists
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Cross-upgrading of biomass hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis for high quality blast furnace injection fuel production:Physicochemical characteristics and gasification kinetics analysis
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作者 Han Dang Runsheng Xu +2 位作者 Jianliang Zhang Mingyong Wang Jinhua Li 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期268-281,共14页
The paper proposes a biomass cross-upgrading process that combines hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis to produce high-quality blast furnace injection fuel.The results showed that after upgrading,the volatile con... The paper proposes a biomass cross-upgrading process that combines hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis to produce high-quality blast furnace injection fuel.The results showed that after upgrading,the volatile content of biochar ranged from 16.19%to 45.35%,and the alkali metal content,ash content,and specific surface area were significantly reduced.The optimal route for biochar pro-duction is hydrothermal carbonization-pyrolysis(P-HC),resulting in biochar with a higher calorific value,C=C structure,and increased graphitization degree.The apparent activation energy(E)of the sample ranges from 199.1 to 324.8 kJ/mol,with P-HC having an E of 277.8 kJ/mol,lower than that of raw biomass,primary biochar,and anthracite.This makes P-HC more suitable for blast furnace injection fuel.Additionally,the paper proposes a path for P-HC injection in blast furnaces and calculates potential environmental benefits.P-HC of-fers the highest potential for carbon emission reduction,capable of reducing emissions by 96.04 kg/t when replacing 40wt%coal injec-tion. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace injection BIOMASS cross-upgrading hydrothermal carbonization PYROLYSIS physicochemical properties gasific-ation properties
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Efficacy of acupoint injection in the treatment of chronic eczema and its influence on peripheral blood T cells
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作者 Hui-Hui Gan Gao Yang Ting-Ting Shen 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第17期3019-3026,共8页
BACKGROUND Chronic eczema significantly impacts daily life,social interactions,and quality of life;however,no curative treatment has been identified.AIM To determine the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection for chr... BACKGROUND Chronic eczema significantly impacts daily life,social interactions,and quality of life;however,no curative treatment has been identified.AIM To determine the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection for chronic eczema and its influence on peripheral blood T cells.METHODS Eighty patients with chronic eczema treated at our hospital between June 2022 and March 2023 were randomly assigned to a control group(n=40),which received conventional Western medicine treatment,or an observation group(n=40),which received routine Western medicine treatment plus acupoint injection of triamcinolone acetonide.Response and adverse reaction rates,as well as differences in the levels of serum cytokines IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4,and IL-10 before and after treatment were investigated.RESULTS No difference in overall response rates were found between the observation and control groups(100%vs 90%,respectively;P>0.05);however,the observation group had a higher marked response rate than the control group(87.5%vs 52.5%;P<0.05).Both groups had decreased Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and increased pruritus after treatment(P<0.05),particularly in the observation group(P<0.05).The observation group had an adverse reaction rate of 2.5%(1/40),which did not differ significantly from that of the control group(P>0.05).The observation group exhibited higher post-treatment INF-γand IL-2 but lower IL-4 levels than the control group(P<0.05);however,no significant inter-group difference was observed in post-treatment IL-10 levels(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Acupoint injection of triamcinolone acetonide is safe and effective in treating chronic eczema.Its therapeutic mechanism is related to the regulation of peripheral blood T cell levels,inhibition of inflammatory reactions,and mitigation of immune imbalance. 展开更多
关键词 ECZEMA Acupoint injection T cells Immune imbalance
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Self-expanding metal stent for relieving the stricture after endoscopic injection for esophageal varices
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作者 Fu-Long Zhang Jing Xu +8 位作者 Yu-Hong Jiang Yuan-Dong Zhu Yan Shi Xiao Li Hai Wang Chao-Jun Huang Chun-Hua Zhou Qun Zhu Jing-Wen Chen 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第28期6180-6186,共7页
BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEM... BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEMS)for the stricture after endoscopic injection with cyanoacrylate(CYA)and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SEMS to improve the stricture after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices in 4 patients from February 2023 to June 2023.RESULTS The strictures were improved in four patients after stenting.The stent was removed after two weeks because of chest pain with embedding into esophageal mucosa in one patient.The stent was removed after one month,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in two patients.The stent was removed after three months,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in one patient.The stent embedded into esophageal mucosa in three patients.There were 3 patients suffered reflux esophagitis,and the acid reflux was relieved by taking hydrotalcite.There was no other complication of esophageal perforation,bleeding from varices or infection.CONCLUSION SEMS may relieve the stricture which happened after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.However,when we should remove the stent still needs to be explored. 展开更多
关键词 STENT STRICTURE Endoscopic injection Esophageal varices CYANOACRYLATE SCLEROTHERAPY
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Horizontal well spacing optimization and gas injection simulation for the ultra-low-permeability Yongjin reservoir
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作者 Yao Zhang Chengyuan Lv +3 位作者 Zengmin Lun Shuxia Zhao Yingfu He Ran Gao 《Energy Geoscience》 EI 2024年第1期196-203,共8页
Optimal spacing for vertical wells can be effectively predicted with several published methods,but methods suitable for assessing the proper horizontal well spacing are rare.This work proposes a method for calculating... Optimal spacing for vertical wells can be effectively predicted with several published methods,but methods suitable for assessing the proper horizontal well spacing are rare.This work proposes a method for calculating the optimal horizontal well spacing for an ultra-low permeability reservoir e the Yongjin reservoir in the Juggar Basin,northwestern China.The result shows that a spacing of 640m is the most economical for the development of the reservoir.To better develop the reservoir,simulation approaches are used and a new model is built based on the calculated well spacing.Since the reservoir has an ultralow permeability,gas injection is regarded as the preferred enhanced oil recovery(EOR)method.Injection of different gases including carbon dioxide,methane,nitrogen and mixed gas are modelled.The results show that carbon dioxide injection is the most efficient and economical for the development of the reservoir.However,if the reservoir produces enough methane,reinjecting methane is even better than injecting carbon dioxide. 展开更多
关键词 Ultra-low-permeability reservoir Well spacing optimization Numerical simulation Gas injection EOR
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A New Heat Transfer Model for Multi-Gradient Drilling with Hollow Sphere Injection
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作者 Jiangshuai Wang Chuchu Cai +3 位作者 Pan Fu Jun Li Hongwei Yang Song Deng 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2024年第3期537-546,共10页
Multi-gradient drilling is a new offshore drilling method.The accurate calculation of the related wellbore temperature is of great significance for the prediction of the gas hydrate formation area and the precise cont... Multi-gradient drilling is a new offshore drilling method.The accurate calculation of the related wellbore temperature is of great significance for the prediction of the gas hydrate formation area and the precise control of the wellbore pressure.In this study,a new heat transfer model is proposed by which the variable mass flow is properly taken into account.Using this model,the effects of the main factors influencing the wellbore temperature are analyzed.The results indicate that at the position where the separation injection device is installed,the temperature increase of the fluid in the drill pipe is mitigated due to the inflow/outflow of hollow spheres,and the temperature drop of the fluid in the annulus also decreases.In addition,a lower separation efficiency of the device,a shallower installation depth and a smaller circulating displacement tend to increase the temperature near the bottom of the annulus,thereby helping to reduce the hydrate generation area and playing a positive role in the prevention and control of hydrates in deepwater drilling. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-gradient drilling wellbore temperature HYDRATE separate injection device variable mass
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Outcomes of long-acting injectable antipsychotics use in pregnancy:A literature review
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作者 Ana V Pejčić Srdjan M Stefanović +4 位作者 MilošN Milosavljević Vladimir S Janjić Marko M Folić Nevena D Folić Jovana Z Milosavljević 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2024年第4期582-599,共18页
BACKGROUND Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during pregnancy.Long-acting injectable(LAI)antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent... BACKGROUND Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during pregnancy.Long-acting injectable(LAI)antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent relapse in patients with various severe psychotic disorders,but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on the safety of LAI antipsychotics during pregnancy.AIM To summarize relevant data on maternal,pregnancy,neonatal,and developmental outcomes from published cases of LAI antipsychotic use in pregnancy.METHODS A literature search was performed through November 11,2023,using three online databases:PubMed/MEDLINE,Scopus,and Web of Science.Case reports or case series that reported information about the outcomes of pregnancy in women who used LAI antipsychotics at any point in pregnancy,with available full texts,were included.Descriptive statistics,narrative summation,and tabulation of the extracted data were performed.RESULTS A total of 19 publications satisfied the inclusion criteria:3 case series,15 case reports,and 1 conference abstract.They reported the outcomes of LAI antipsychotic use in 74 women and 77 pregnancies.The use of secondgeneration LAI antipsychotics was reported in the majority(n=47;61.0%)of pregnancies.First-generation LAI antipsychotics were administered during 30 pregnancies(39.0%).Most of the women(approximately 64%)had either satisfactory control of symptoms or no information about relapse,while approximately 12%of them had developed gestational diabetes mellitus.A minority of cases reported adverse outcomes such as stillbirth,spontaneous abortion,preterm birth,low birth weight,congenital anomalies,and neurological manifestations in newborns.However,there were no reports of negative long-term developmental outcomes.CONCLUSION Currently available data seem reassuring,but further well-designed studies are required to properly evaluate the risks and benefits of LAI antipsychotic use during pregnancy. 展开更多
关键词 Antipsychotic agents Long-acting injectable PREGNANCY OUTCOME Review
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Permanent Magnet Temperature Estimation for PMSMs Using Virtual Position-offset Injection
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作者 Beichen Ding Yuting Lu +2 位作者 Kaide Huang Guodong Feng Chunyan Lai 《CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期51-60,共10页
This paper proposes a virtual position-offset injection based permanent magnet temperature estimation approach for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs). The concept of virtual position-offset injection is math... This paper proposes a virtual position-offset injection based permanent magnet temperature estimation approach for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs). The concept of virtual position-offset injection is mathematically transforming the machine model to a virtual frame with a position-offset. The virtual frame temperature estimation model is derived to calculate the permanent magnet temperature(PMT) directly from the measurements with computation efficiency. The estimation model involves a combined inductance term, which can simplify the establishment of saturation compensation model with less measurements. Moreover, resistance and inverter distorted terms are cancelled in the estimation model, which can improve the robustness to the winding temperature rise and inverter distortion. The proposed approach can achieve simplified computation in temperature estimation and reduced memory usage in saturation compensation. While existing model-based approaches could be affected by either the need of resistance and inverter information or complex saturation compensation. Experiments are conducted on the test machine to verify the proposed approach under various operating conditions. 展开更多
关键词 PMSM Magnet temperature estimation Virtual position offset injection Inverter nonlinearity
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Effect of high-multiple water injection on rock pore structure and oil displacement efficiency
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作者 Xiao Lei Chunpeng Zhao +2 位作者 Qiaoliang Zhang Panrong Wang Runfu Xiong 《Energy Geoscience》 EI 2024年第1期234-238,共5页
Experimental methods,including mercury pressure,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and core(wateroil)displacement,are used to examine the effects of high-multiple water injection(i.e.water injection with high injected por... Experimental methods,including mercury pressure,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and core(wateroil)displacement,are used to examine the effects of high-multiple water injection(i.e.water injection with high injected pore volume)on rock properties,pore structure and oil displacement efficiency of an oilfield in the western South China Sea.The results show an increase in the permeability of rocks along with particle migration,an increase in the pore volume and the average pore throat radius,and enhanced heterogeneity after high-multiple water injection.Compared with normal water injection methods,a high-multiple water injection is more effective in improving the oil displacement efficiency.The degree of recovery increases faster in the early stage due to the expansion of the swept area,and the transition from oil-wet to water-wet.The degree of recovery increases less in the late stage due to various factors,including the enhancement of heterogeneity in the rocks.Considering both the economic aspect and the production limit of water flooding,it is recommended to adopt other technologies to further enhance oil recovery after 300 PV water injection. 展开更多
关键词 High multiple Water injection Rock permeability Pore structure Oil displacement efficiency
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Characteristics of water alternating CO_(2)injection in low-permeability beach-bar sand reservoirs
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作者 Maolei Cui Rui Wang +1 位作者 Zengmin Lun Chengyuan Lv 《Energy Geoscience》 EI 2024年第1期224-229,共6页
Water flooding can be ineffective in highly heterogeneous low-permeability beach-bar sand reservoirs.The introduction of CO_(2)flooding helps boost the oil production of the reservoirs but only in an early stage.Durin... Water flooding can be ineffective in highly heterogeneous low-permeability beach-bar sand reservoirs.The introduction of CO_(2)flooding helps boost the oil production of the reservoirs but only in an early stage.During the late stage of flooding,gas channeling would occur.Water alternating gas(CO_(2))(WAG)process can be used to delay gas channeling and improve the effect of CO_(2)injection,though its adaptability to beach-bar sand reservoirs remains unclear.In order to clarify CO_(2)injection characteristics in these reservoirs,experiments were carried out in high-temperature high-pressure NMR on-line displacement experiment apparatus to simulate different flooding modes on synthetic cores that can reflect the vertical heterogeneity of beach-bar reservoirs.Different CO_(2)injection modes were implemented on these cores and the displacement characteristics and residual oil distribution features during both WAG injection and continuous CO_(2)injection were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.The results show that the scheme of WAG injection after continuous CO_(2)injection can obtain better oil displacement efficiency than that of the scheme of continuous CO_(2)injection after WAG injection,but there is no significant difference in respect of oil displacement efficiency of WAG flooding between the mode of bar-injection e beach-production(injection into bar sand e production from beach sand)and the mode of beach-injection e beach-production(injection into and production from beach sand),with the former mode having a higher oil recovery rate.The wider pore-size distribution range of microscopic residual oil after WAG injection shows great potential of enhancing oil recovery from subsequent continuous gas injection.When WAG injection is implemented prior to continuous CO_(2)injection,the displacement effect of the latter is more significant.This research may provide a theoretical basis for CO_(2)EOR in this type of reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Beach-bar sand Low permeability CO_(2)injection WAG NMR
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Transparent cap adjusted the stent placed for stenosis after endoscopic injection of esophageal varices:A case report
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作者 Fu-Long Zhang Jing Xu +8 位作者 Yuan-Dong Zhu Qian-Neng Wu Yan Shi Lei Fang Dan Zhou Hai Wang Chao-JunHuang Chun-Hua Zhou Qun Zhu 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第15期2614-2620,共7页
BACKGROUND The stent embedded in the esophageal mucosa is one of the complications after stenting for esophageal stricture.We present a case of stent adjustment with the aid of a transparent cap after endoscopic injec... BACKGROUND The stent embedded in the esophageal mucosa is one of the complications after stenting for esophageal stricture.We present a case of stent adjustment with the aid of a transparent cap after endoscopic injection of an esophageal varices stent.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old male patient came to the hospital with discomfort of the chest after the stent implanted for the stenosis because of endoscopic injection of esophageal varices.The gastroscopy was performed,and the stent embedded into the esophageal mucosa.At first,we pulled the recycling line for shrinking the stent,however,the mucosa could not be removed from the stent.Then a forceps was performed to remove the mucosa in the stent,nevertheless,the bleeding form the mucosa was obvious.And then,we used a transparent cap to scrape the mucosa along the stent,and the mucosa were removed successfully without bleeding.CONCLUSION A transparent cap helps gastroscopy to remove the mucosa embedded in the stent after endoscopic injection of the esophageal varices stent. 展开更多
关键词 STENT Transparent cap STENOSIS Endoscopic injection Esophageal varices Case report
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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided lauromacrogol injection for treatment of colorectal cavernous hemangioma:Two case reports
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作者 Hua-Tuo Zhu Wen-Guo Chen +4 位作者 Jing-Jie Wang Jia-Nan Guo Fen-Ming Zhang Guo-Qiang Xu Hong-Tan Chen 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2024年第3期966-973,共8页
BACKGROUND Colorectal cavernous hemangioma is a rare vascular malformation resulting in recurrent lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage,and can be misinterpreted as colitis.Surgical resection is currently the mainstay of ... BACKGROUND Colorectal cavernous hemangioma is a rare vascular malformation resulting in recurrent lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage,and can be misinterpreted as colitis.Surgical resection is currently the mainstay of treatment,with an emphasis on sphincter preservation.CASE SUMMARY We present details of two young patients with a history of persistent hematochezia diagnosed with colorectal cavernous hemangioma by endoscopic ultrasound(EUS).Cavernous hemangioma was relieved by several EUS-guided lauromacrogol injections and the patients achieved favorable clinical prognosis.CONCLUSION Multiple sequential EUS-guided injections of lauromacrogol is a safe,effective,cost-efficient,and minimally invasive alternative for colorectal cavernous hemangioma. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopic ultrasound Lauromacrogol injection Colorectal cavernous hemangioma Case report
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