In this work, we study the stability of a class of materials obtained by printing a textile with conductive inks using a method called screen printing. Under the action of a certain external factors, the printed circu...In this work, we study the stability of a class of materials obtained by printing a textile with conductive inks using a method called screen printing. Under the action of a certain external factors, the printed circuit suffers deterioration and the conductivity decreases considerably. In this work, we propose to model the overall damage of the textile sheet in terms of the partial damages of the conductive lines. We also apply this approach to evaluate the damage of a system being made of transmission lines printed into nonwoven substrates using different conductive inks.展开更多
While the practice of tattooing has existed for thousands of years, it has recently begun growing in popularity in the US. With the increasing prevalence of tattoos, the methods and inks involved in the tattooing proc...While the practice of tattooing has existed for thousands of years, it has recently begun growing in popularity in the US. With the increasing prevalence of tattoos, the methods and inks involved in the tattooing process have also developed. Tattoos now use many brightly colored inks, often made using metal-based pigments. There is concern that chemicals may be present in tattoo inks in concentrations that may lead to human health concerns either during application or removal of tattoos. Since exposure to metals has been linked to tremors, liver damage, memory loss, cognitive loss, and even death, there is concern about the prevalence of metals in tattoo inks in general. To this end, a survey of 226 commercial tattoo inks was performed and each ink was analyzed for the presence of heavy metals using two different x-ray methods: Particle Induced X-Ray Emission and Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Fifteen metals were identified in various tattoo inks by these rapid x-ray methods, including chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, barium, and lead. Conclusions can be drawn about the prevalence of metals in some pigment colors and from some brands.展开更多
This work describes the application of a detailed set of TXRF evaluations to the elemental content of assorted tattoo inks, on the market of the city of Concepcion, Chile. We applied TXRF as a screening method for det...This work describes the application of a detailed set of TXRF evaluations to the elemental content of assorted tattoo inks, on the market of the city of Concepcion, Chile. We applied TXRF as a screening method for determining the composition in 3 sets of tattoo inks, in order to establish, from an inorganic point of view, the composition and purity of the samples, evaluating their elemental innocuousness. The analyzed 48 products were freely acquired from on line suppliers. All of them were analyzed by external standard quantification, but in order to inter-compare the results, a 15% of the samples were acidly digested and then quantified by the internal standard method. In the samples we determined: 1) their inorganic quantitative composition and, 2) the possible presence of elements which are potential health hazards. In this study few anomalies were found: 1) The high presence Ti of and W in few samples, 2) Arsenic was found in four of them, and 3) A trace detection of a rare earth element in a particular product. The products studied are almost freely imported from a world open marked, so the questions about their innocuousness could affect not only to the Chilean society.展开更多
To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countri...To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countries have mandatory wearing of face masks in public areas to limit the spread of the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, because people are free to choose any method to make their masks, some are being fabricated from materials that can be toxic to the environment and human health. This paper discusses how inks and dyes used in face masks are causing major environmental degradation and health issues in industry workers and the general mask-wearing public. The goal fixed for the present study is to raise the alarm with authorities and decision-makers regarding the toxic nature of some colors (dyes and inks) and fabrics in the masks being worn every day.展开更多
ZTE Corporation has signed strategic telecommunications software agreement with two leading providers in Europe and Latin America to optimize its offerings for target customers in
The effect of five dihydric alcohols on the fixation rate and K/S value of reactive dyes on cotton fabrics was investigated.Results show that the more primary hydroxyl groups are contained in the isomeric dihydric alc...The effect of five dihydric alcohols on the fixation rate and K/S value of reactive dyes on cotton fabrics was investigated.Results show that the more primary hydroxyl groups are contained in the isomeric dihydric alcohols,the greater activity of reacting with the reactive dye.Longer carbon chain also increases the reactivity of dihydric alcohols with reactive dyes.This study provides a theoretical basis for the selection of suitable dihydric alcohols in preparation reactive dye inkjet printing ink.展开更多
Precursor (Metal-organic decomposition (MOD)) inks are used to fabricate 2D and 3D printed conductive structures directly onto a substrate. By formulating a nanoalloy structure containing multiple metals, the opportun...Precursor (Metal-organic decomposition (MOD)) inks are used to fabricate 2D and 3D printed conductive structures directly onto a substrate. By formulating a nanoalloy structure containing multiple metals, the opportunity to modify chemical and physical properties exists. In this paper, a copper-nickel bimetallic nanoalloy film was fabricated by mixing copper and nickel precursor inks and sintering them in vacuum. The individual elemental inks were formulated and characterized using SEM, EDS, and XRD. During thermal processing, elemental copper forms first and is followed by the formation of bimetallic copper-nickel alloy. The encapsulation of the underlying copper by the nickel-rich alloy provides excellent oxidation resistance. No change in film resistance was observed after the film was exposed to an oxygen plasma. Nanoalloy films printed using reactive metallic inks have a variety of important applications involving local control of alloy composition. Examples include facile formation of layered nanostructures, and electrical conductivity with oxidative stability.展开更多
Luminescent materials that can be reversibly switched by electric field stimulation are attractive since the potential application for optoelectronic devices.Here we report a triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion(...Luminescent materials that can be reversibly switched by electric field stimulation are attractive since the potential application for optoelectronic devices.Here we report a triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion(TTA-UC)system with electrophoretic response which is developed as the electrophoretic ink.The TTA-UC system consists of an ionic derivative of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene(DPA)as the annihilator and Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin(PtOEP)as the sensitizer.Upon applying an electric field,migration and enrichment of positively charged DPA derivatives towards the cathode results in a 20%enhancement of TTA-UC.A quasi-solid film for electrically writing is made using the electrophoretic TTA system as the ink and a platinum electrode as a pen.The prototype of TTA-UC ink demonstrates unique luminescence functions upon electrically writing and erasing,providing a promising strategy to develop electronic devices for display,information storage and encryption.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)functional graphenebased architecture with superior electrical conductivity and good mechanical strength has promising applications in energy storage and electrics.Viscoelasticity-adjustable inks ...Three-dimensional(3D)functional graphenebased architecture with superior electrical conductivity and good mechanical strength has promising applications in energy storage and electrics.Viscoelasticity-adjustable inks make it possible to achieve desired 3D architectures with interconnected and continuous interior networks by microextrusion printing.In this work,ultra-low-concentration graphene oxide(GO)inks of~15 mg·ml-1 have been obtained and demonstrated in direct 3D printing with a facile cross-linking(direct ink writing).The rheological behavior of the GO strategy by cations,which is the lowest concentration to achieve direct ink writing inks,could be adjusted from 1×10^(4) to 1×10^(5) Pa·s^(-1) with different concentrations of cations due to strong cross-linking networks between GO sheets and cations.Meanwhile,the specific strength and electrical conductivity of 3D-printed graphene architecture are notably enhanced,reaching up to 51.7×10^(3) N·m·kg^(-1)and 119 S·m^(-1),which are superior to conventional graphene aerogels.Furthermore,3D printing graphene-based architecture assembled in micro-superc apacitor exhibits excellent electrochemical performance,which can be ascribed to the effective ion transportation through the interconnected networks.The strategy demonstrated is useful in the design of complex-shaped,graphene-based architectures for scalable manufacturing of practical energy storage applications.展开更多
Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are promising semiconducting materials,which can be used as a photoactive layer in various optoelectronic applications,because of their size-tunable bandgap energy,solution processability,a...Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are promising semiconducting materials,which can be used as a photoactive layer in various optoelectronic applications,because of their size-tunable bandgap energy,solution processability,and excellent optical and optoelectronic properties.In particular,these features have generated great interest in the development of CQD solar cells and led to a rapid increase in their power conversion efficiency.These improvements were enabled by many innovative approaches in terms of CQD’s surface chemistry and device architecture optimizations.In this review,a critical overview of the research progress in CQD solar cells is presented with a focus on the strategies adopted for achieving record efficiency in CQD solar cells.These strategies include the use of organic/inorganic surface ligands,pre-and post-treatment of CQDs,and solid-state/solution-phase ligand exchange.Additionally,we provide an understanding of the research history to inspire the rational design of next-generation CQD optoelectronic devices,such as solar cells,light-emitting diodes,and photodetectors.Recent research on the development of infrared CQD solar cells as complementary platforms to other solar cell technologies is also critically discussed to provide another perspective on CQD technologies.展开更多
Inkjet printing is a new fabricating method that can realize the precise film deposition. For polymer inks, the coil-stretch transition of polymer chains always impacts the ink droplet formation and a beads-on-a strin...Inkjet printing is a new fabricating method that can realize the precise film deposition. For polymer inks, the coil-stretch transition of polymer chains always impacts the ink droplet formation and a beads-on-a string structure filament is formed, thus generating unwanted satellite droplets. This review provides a short introduction of the dynamic process of the droplet formation. Then fluid theological requirements for a printable polymer ink are summarized. Finally the strain hardening phenomenon of polymer chains in the filament formation and its impact on polymer ink-jetting are discussed. The research of viscoelastic polymer inks shows that rheological parameters and viscoelasticity are two key factors that determine the printability of polymer inks.展开更多
As a natural organic polymer,xanthan gum(XG)can alleviate the plastic deformation of gel ink under strong stress and realize the reasonable regulation of the rheological properties of gel ink.However,as the double-hel...As a natural organic polymer,xanthan gum(XG)can alleviate the plastic deformation of gel ink under strong stress and realize the reasonable regulation of the rheological properties of gel ink.However,as the double-helix structure connected by hydrogen bonds cannot resist the mechanical environment of strong stress,XG shows poor shear resistance.In this study,a polymer gel with interpenetrating polymer network structure was prepared by esterifying XG,taking polystyrene maleic anhydride(SMA)as the modifier.In addition to retaining the excellent rheological properties of XG,the generated polymer gel also exhibited high shear resistance.The optimal addition amount of the esterification reaction modifier was determined as mXG:mSMA=5:3 according to the gel ink standard.With this amount,the viscosity of the modified xanthan gum(SXG)gel increased to 1578.8 mPa·s and 100.7 mPa·s at shear rates of 4 s1 and 383 s1,respectively,and the shear resistance increased more than 2 times compared to the unmodified one.It is because of the ester bond formed by esterification that the reaction strengthens the interaction between molecular segments,enabling the new gel to resist to strong mechanical stress.The new polymer gel studied in this paper and the proposed mechanism of action provide new insights for the development of high-end gel ink and also provide theoretical support for the study of rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids.展开更多
Achieving flexible electronics with comfort and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits of smart wearables.Ink printing is desirable for e-textile development using a simple and i...Achieving flexible electronics with comfort and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits of smart wearables.Ink printing is desirable for e-textile development using a simple and inexpensive process.However,fabricating high-performance atop textiles with good dispersity,stability,biocompatibility,and wearability for high-resolution,large-scale manufacturing,and practical applications has remained challenging.Here,waterbased multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)-decorated liquid metal(LM)inks are proposed with carbonaceous gallium–indium micro-nanostructure.With the assistance of biopolymers,the sodium alginate-encapsulated LM droplets contain high carboxyl groups which non-covalently crosslink with silk sericin-mediated MWCNTs.E-textile can be prepared subsequently via printing technique and natural waterproof triboelectric coating,enabling good flexibility,hydrophilicity,breathability,wearability,biocompatibility,conductivity,stability,and excellent versatility,without any artificial chemicals.The obtained e-textile can be used in various applications with designable patterns and circuits.Multi-sensing applications of recognizing complex human motions,breathing,phonation,and pressure distribution are demonstrated with repeatable and reliable signals.Self-powered and energy-harvesting capabilities are also presented by driving electronic devices and lighting LEDs.As proof of concept,this work provides new opportunities in a scalable and sustainable way to develop novel wearable electronics and smart clothing for future commercial applications.展开更多
MXene is a promising energy storage material for miniaturized microbatteries and microsupercapacitors(MSCs).Despite its superior electrochemical performance,only a few studies have reported MXene-based ultrahigh-rate(...MXene is a promising energy storage material for miniaturized microbatteries and microsupercapacitors(MSCs).Despite its superior electrochemical performance,only a few studies have reported MXene-based ultrahigh-rate(>1000 mV s^(−1))on-paper MSCs,mainly due to the reduced electrical conductance of MXene films deposited on paper.Herein,ultrahigh-rate metal-free on-paper MSCs based on heterogeneous MXene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)-stack electrodes are fabricated through the combination of direct ink writing and femtosecond laser scribing.With a footprint area of only 20 mm^(2),the on-paper MSCs exhibit excellent high-rate capacitive behavior with an areal capacitance of 5.7 mF cm^(−2)and long cycle life(>95%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles)at a high scan rate of 1000 mV s^(−1),outperforming most of the present on-paper MSCs.Furthermore,the heterogeneous MXene/PEDOT:PSS electrodes can interconnect individual MSCs into metal-free on-paper MSC arrays,which can also be simultaneously charged/discharged at 1000 mV s^(−1),showing scalable capacitive performance.The heterogeneous MXene/PEDOT:PSS stacks are a promising electrode structure for on-paper MSCs to serve as ultrafast miniaturized energy storage components for emerging paper electronics.展开更多
Wearable fiber-based electronics have found diverse applications including energy storage,healthcare or thermal management,etc.In particular,additive-free aqueous inks play significant roles in fabrication of wearable...Wearable fiber-based electronics have found diverse applications including energy storage,healthcare or thermal management,etc.In particular,additive-free aqueous inks play significant roles in fabrication of wearable fiber-based devices,owning to their nontoxic nature and ease of manufacturing.Herein,wearable carbon fiber-based asymmetric supercapacitors(WASSC)are developed based on additive-free aqueous MXene inks,for self-powering healthcare sensors.The sediments of MXene without further modification are used as inks.Furthermore,combined with additive-free aqueous MXene/polyaniline(MP)inks,WASSC,with a wide voltage window and high capacitance is developed for practical energy supply.Impressively,WASSC has been successfully utilized to power wearable pressure sensors that could monitor motions and pulse signals.This wearable self-powered monitoring system on can accurately monitor the human motions,pronunciation,swallow or wrist pulse,without using the rigid batteries.This advantage realizes a great potential in simple and cost effective monitoring of human health and activities.Besides,self-powered system enables waste recycling of MXene and provides an effective approach for designing wearable and fiber-based self-powered sensors.展开更多
This paper delves into the transformative shift in the printing industry from traditional petroleum-based inks to sustainable alternatives,focusing on soy ink.Initially,it examines the environmental and health hazards...This paper delves into the transformative shift in the printing industry from traditional petroleum-based inks to sustainable alternatives,focusing on soy ink.Initially,it examines the environmental and health hazards associated with conventional printing,highlighting the detrimental impact of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and toxic substances in inks.The emergence of soy ink as an eco-friendly solution is then explored.Derived from soybeans,soy ink significantly reduces the release of harmful VOCs and enhances the recyclability of printed materials.The paper discusses not only the environmental benefits of soy ink but also its operational and economic advantages,such as improved deinking capabilities and waste reduction.A notable development in soy ink technology is the use of soy methyl ester,which addresses the challenges of slow drying and penetration associated with traditional inks.The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for continued innovation in sustainable practices within the printing industry,positioning soy ink as a key player in aligning economic goals with environmental responsibility.The shift to soy-based inks exemplifies a broader trend towards sustainability,pivotal for the future health of the planet.展开更多
文摘In this work, we study the stability of a class of materials obtained by printing a textile with conductive inks using a method called screen printing. Under the action of a certain external factors, the printed circuit suffers deterioration and the conductivity decreases considerably. In this work, we propose to model the overall damage of the textile sheet in terms of the partial damages of the conductive lines. We also apply this approach to evaluate the damage of a system being made of transmission lines printed into nonwoven substrates using different conductive inks.
文摘While the practice of tattooing has existed for thousands of years, it has recently begun growing in popularity in the US. With the increasing prevalence of tattoos, the methods and inks involved in the tattooing process have also developed. Tattoos now use many brightly colored inks, often made using metal-based pigments. There is concern that chemicals may be present in tattoo inks in concentrations that may lead to human health concerns either during application or removal of tattoos. Since exposure to metals has been linked to tremors, liver damage, memory loss, cognitive loss, and even death, there is concern about the prevalence of metals in tattoo inks in general. To this end, a survey of 226 commercial tattoo inks was performed and each ink was analyzed for the presence of heavy metals using two different x-ray methods: Particle Induced X-Ray Emission and Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Fifteen metals were identified in various tattoo inks by these rapid x-ray methods, including chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, barium, and lead. Conclusions can be drawn about the prevalence of metals in some pigment colors and from some brands.
文摘This work describes the application of a detailed set of TXRF evaluations to the elemental content of assorted tattoo inks, on the market of the city of Concepcion, Chile. We applied TXRF as a screening method for determining the composition in 3 sets of tattoo inks, in order to establish, from an inorganic point of view, the composition and purity of the samples, evaluating their elemental innocuousness. The analyzed 48 products were freely acquired from on line suppliers. All of them were analyzed by external standard quantification, but in order to inter-compare the results, a 15% of the samples were acidly digested and then quantified by the internal standard method. In the samples we determined: 1) their inorganic quantitative composition and, 2) the possible presence of elements which are potential health hazards. In this study few anomalies were found: 1) The high presence Ti of and W in few samples, 2) Arsenic was found in four of them, and 3) A trace detection of a rare earth element in a particular product. The products studied are almost freely imported from a world open marked, so the questions about their innocuousness could affect not only to the Chilean society.
文摘To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countries have mandatory wearing of face masks in public areas to limit the spread of the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, because people are free to choose any method to make their masks, some are being fabricated from materials that can be toxic to the environment and human health. This paper discusses how inks and dyes used in face masks are causing major environmental degradation and health issues in industry workers and the general mask-wearing public. The goal fixed for the present study is to raise the alarm with authorities and decision-makers regarding the toxic nature of some colors (dyes and inks) and fabrics in the masks being worn every day.
文摘ZTE Corporation has signed strategic telecommunications software agreement with two leading providers in Europe and Latin America to optimize its offerings for target customers in
文摘The effect of five dihydric alcohols on the fixation rate and K/S value of reactive dyes on cotton fabrics was investigated.Results show that the more primary hydroxyl groups are contained in the isomeric dihydric alcohols,the greater activity of reacting with the reactive dye.Longer carbon chain also increases the reactivity of dihydric alcohols with reactive dyes.This study provides a theoretical basis for the selection of suitable dihydric alcohols in preparation reactive dye inkjet printing ink.
文摘Precursor (Metal-organic decomposition (MOD)) inks are used to fabricate 2D and 3D printed conductive structures directly onto a substrate. By formulating a nanoalloy structure containing multiple metals, the opportunity to modify chemical and physical properties exists. In this paper, a copper-nickel bimetallic nanoalloy film was fabricated by mixing copper and nickel precursor inks and sintering them in vacuum. The individual elemental inks were formulated and characterized using SEM, EDS, and XRD. During thermal processing, elemental copper forms first and is followed by the formation of bimetallic copper-nickel alloy. The encapsulation of the underlying copper by the nickel-rich alloy provides excellent oxidation resistance. No change in film resistance was observed after the film was exposed to an oxygen plasma. Nanoalloy films printed using reactive metallic inks have a variety of important applications involving local control of alloy composition. Examples include facile formation of layered nanostructures, and electrical conductivity with oxidative stability.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22273117,22273110 and 22090012)。
文摘Luminescent materials that can be reversibly switched by electric field stimulation are attractive since the potential application for optoelectronic devices.Here we report a triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion(TTA-UC)system with electrophoretic response which is developed as the electrophoretic ink.The TTA-UC system consists of an ionic derivative of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene(DPA)as the annihilator and Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin(PtOEP)as the sensitizer.Upon applying an electric field,migration and enrichment of positively charged DPA derivatives towards the cathode results in a 20%enhancement of TTA-UC.A quasi-solid film for electrically writing is made using the electrophoretic TTA system as the ink and a platinum electrode as a pen.The prototype of TTA-UC ink demonstrates unique luminescence functions upon electrically writing and erasing,providing a promising strategy to develop electronic devices for display,information storage and encryption.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51802195)Chen Guang Scholar Project of Shanghai Education Commission(No.19CG53)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)functional graphenebased architecture with superior electrical conductivity and good mechanical strength has promising applications in energy storage and electrics.Viscoelasticity-adjustable inks make it possible to achieve desired 3D architectures with interconnected and continuous interior networks by microextrusion printing.In this work,ultra-low-concentration graphene oxide(GO)inks of~15 mg·ml-1 have been obtained and demonstrated in direct 3D printing with a facile cross-linking(direct ink writing).The rheological behavior of the GO strategy by cations,which is the lowest concentration to achieve direct ink writing inks,could be adjusted from 1×10^(4) to 1×10^(5) Pa·s^(-1) with different concentrations of cations due to strong cross-linking networks between GO sheets and cations.Meanwhile,the specific strength and electrical conductivity of 3D-printed graphene architecture are notably enhanced,reaching up to 51.7×10^(3) N·m·kg^(-1)and 119 S·m^(-1),which are superior to conventional graphene aerogels.Furthermore,3D printing graphene-based architecture assembled in micro-superc apacitor exhibits excellent electrochemical performance,which can be ascribed to the effective ion transportation through the interconnected networks.The strategy demonstrated is useful in the design of complex-shaped,graphene-based architectures for scalable manufacturing of practical energy storage applications.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)of the Republic of Korea(Nos.2020R1C1C1003214,2021M3H_(4)A3A01063605,2021R1A4A3024237,and 2020R1C1C1012256).
文摘Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are promising semiconducting materials,which can be used as a photoactive layer in various optoelectronic applications,because of their size-tunable bandgap energy,solution processability,and excellent optical and optoelectronic properties.In particular,these features have generated great interest in the development of CQD solar cells and led to a rapid increase in their power conversion efficiency.These improvements were enabled by many innovative approaches in terms of CQD’s surface chemistry and device architecture optimizations.In this review,a critical overview of the research progress in CQD solar cells is presented with a focus on the strategies adopted for achieving record efficiency in CQD solar cells.These strategies include the use of organic/inorganic surface ligands,pre-and post-treatment of CQDs,and solid-state/solution-phase ligand exchange.Additionally,we provide an understanding of the research history to inspire the rational design of next-generation CQD optoelectronic devices,such as solar cells,light-emitting diodes,and photodetectors.Recent research on the development of infrared CQD solar cells as complementary platforms to other solar cell technologies is also critically discussed to provide another perspective on CQD technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 51473161,21574130)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2015CB655001)National Key R&D Program of "Strategic Advanced Electronic Materials"(Nos.2016YFB0401301,2016YFB0401100)
文摘Inkjet printing is a new fabricating method that can realize the precise film deposition. For polymer inks, the coil-stretch transition of polymer chains always impacts the ink droplet formation and a beads-on-a string structure filament is formed, thus generating unwanted satellite droplets. This review provides a short introduction of the dynamic process of the droplet formation. Then fluid theological requirements for a printable polymer ink are summarized. Finally the strain hardening phenomenon of polymer chains in the filament formation and its impact on polymer ink-jetting are discussed. The research of viscoelastic polymer inks shows that rheological parameters and viscoelasticity are two key factors that determine the printability of polymer inks.
基金supported by Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Guidance Special Program of China(202104021301052)Shanxi Provincial Patent Transformation Special Plan Project(202202054,202306013).
文摘As a natural organic polymer,xanthan gum(XG)can alleviate the plastic deformation of gel ink under strong stress and realize the reasonable regulation of the rheological properties of gel ink.However,as the double-helix structure connected by hydrogen bonds cannot resist the mechanical environment of strong stress,XG shows poor shear resistance.In this study,a polymer gel with interpenetrating polymer network structure was prepared by esterifying XG,taking polystyrene maleic anhydride(SMA)as the modifier.In addition to retaining the excellent rheological properties of XG,the generated polymer gel also exhibited high shear resistance.The optimal addition amount of the esterification reaction modifier was determined as mXG:mSMA=5:3 according to the gel ink standard.With this amount,the viscosity of the modified xanthan gum(SXG)gel increased to 1578.8 mPa·s and 100.7 mPa·s at shear rates of 4 s1 and 383 s1,respectively,and the shear resistance increased more than 2 times compared to the unmodified one.It is because of the ester bond formed by esterification that the reaction strengthens the interaction between molecular segments,enabling the new gel to resist to strong mechanical stress.The new polymer gel studied in this paper and the proposed mechanism of action provide new insights for the development of high-end gel ink and also provide theoretical support for the study of rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids.
基金funded by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Project No.1-WZ1Y,1-YXAK,1-W21C).
文摘Achieving flexible electronics with comfort and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits of smart wearables.Ink printing is desirable for e-textile development using a simple and inexpensive process.However,fabricating high-performance atop textiles with good dispersity,stability,biocompatibility,and wearability for high-resolution,large-scale manufacturing,and practical applications has remained challenging.Here,waterbased multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)-decorated liquid metal(LM)inks are proposed with carbonaceous gallium–indium micro-nanostructure.With the assistance of biopolymers,the sodium alginate-encapsulated LM droplets contain high carboxyl groups which non-covalently crosslink with silk sericin-mediated MWCNTs.E-textile can be prepared subsequently via printing technique and natural waterproof triboelectric coating,enabling good flexibility,hydrophilicity,breathability,wearability,biocompatibility,conductivity,stability,and excellent versatility,without any artificial chemicals.The obtained e-textile can be used in various applications with designable patterns and circuits.Multi-sensing applications of recognizing complex human motions,breathing,phonation,and pressure distribution are demonstrated with repeatable and reliable signals.Self-powered and energy-harvesting capabilities are also presented by driving electronic devices and lighting LEDs.As proof of concept,this work provides new opportunities in a scalable and sustainable way to develop novel wearable electronics and smart clothing for future commercial applications.
基金China Scholarship Council,Grant/Award Number:201906230359Vetenskapsrådet,Grant/Award Number:2019-04731+4 种基金HORIZON EUROPE Digital,Industry and Space,Grant/Award Number:101070255Stiftelsen Olle Engkvist Byggmästare,Grant/Award Number:2014/799Swedish National Infrastructure in Advanced Electron Microscopy,Grant/Award Numbers:2021-00171,RIF21-0026KTH Energy Platform,Grant/Award Number:HT2021Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research,Grant/Award Number:STP19-0014。
文摘MXene is a promising energy storage material for miniaturized microbatteries and microsupercapacitors(MSCs).Despite its superior electrochemical performance,only a few studies have reported MXene-based ultrahigh-rate(>1000 mV s^(−1))on-paper MSCs,mainly due to the reduced electrical conductance of MXene films deposited on paper.Herein,ultrahigh-rate metal-free on-paper MSCs based on heterogeneous MXene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)-stack electrodes are fabricated through the combination of direct ink writing and femtosecond laser scribing.With a footprint area of only 20 mm^(2),the on-paper MSCs exhibit excellent high-rate capacitive behavior with an areal capacitance of 5.7 mF cm^(−2)and long cycle life(>95%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles)at a high scan rate of 1000 mV s^(−1),outperforming most of the present on-paper MSCs.Furthermore,the heterogeneous MXene/PEDOT:PSS electrodes can interconnect individual MSCs into metal-free on-paper MSC arrays,which can also be simultaneously charged/discharged at 1000 mV s^(−1),showing scalable capacitive performance.The heterogeneous MXene/PEDOT:PSS stacks are a promising electrode structure for on-paper MSCs to serve as ultrafast miniaturized energy storage components for emerging paper electronics.
基金We are grateful for the financial support from State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University(Grant No.KF2112)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22074010)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018AAA0100300,2020YFB2008502)Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry,Dalian University of Technology,China.
文摘Wearable fiber-based electronics have found diverse applications including energy storage,healthcare or thermal management,etc.In particular,additive-free aqueous inks play significant roles in fabrication of wearable fiber-based devices,owning to their nontoxic nature and ease of manufacturing.Herein,wearable carbon fiber-based asymmetric supercapacitors(WASSC)are developed based on additive-free aqueous MXene inks,for self-powering healthcare sensors.The sediments of MXene without further modification are used as inks.Furthermore,combined with additive-free aqueous MXene/polyaniline(MP)inks,WASSC,with a wide voltage window and high capacitance is developed for practical energy supply.Impressively,WASSC has been successfully utilized to power wearable pressure sensors that could monitor motions and pulse signals.This wearable self-powered monitoring system on can accurately monitor the human motions,pronunciation,swallow or wrist pulse,without using the rigid batteries.This advantage realizes a great potential in simple and cost effective monitoring of human health and activities.Besides,self-powered system enables waste recycling of MXene and provides an effective approach for designing wearable and fiber-based self-powered sensors.
文摘This paper delves into the transformative shift in the printing industry from traditional petroleum-based inks to sustainable alternatives,focusing on soy ink.Initially,it examines the environmental and health hazards associated with conventional printing,highlighting the detrimental impact of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and toxic substances in inks.The emergence of soy ink as an eco-friendly solution is then explored.Derived from soybeans,soy ink significantly reduces the release of harmful VOCs and enhances the recyclability of printed materials.The paper discusses not only the environmental benefits of soy ink but also its operational and economic advantages,such as improved deinking capabilities and waste reduction.A notable development in soy ink technology is the use of soy methyl ester,which addresses the challenges of slow drying and penetration associated with traditional inks.The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for continued innovation in sustainable practices within the printing industry,positioning soy ink as a key player in aligning economic goals with environmental responsibility.The shift to soy-based inks exemplifies a broader trend towards sustainability,pivotal for the future health of the planet.
