Development of innovation-driven green economy in Huangshan City, China

With the increasingly prominent problems of ecology, environment and resources in China, green economy development is becoming more and more urgent. Innovation has become the key driving force of economic development. Economic development of Huangshan City should take the road of "green development " and combine economic development with ecological protection. This paper designs the measurement index of innovation and green economic development, and makes an empirical analysis based on the data of innovation and green economic development in Huangshan City from 2005 to 2016. It is concluded that the index of innovation and green economic development in Huangshan City shows an increasing trend. Innovation has a positive role in promoting green economic development in Huangshan City. Therefore, Huangshan City should strengthen regional innovation management, create regional innovation environment, strengthen cooperation between industry, University and research, increase support for green innovation, promote technological innovation of recycling, and promote the construction of circular economy.

创新驱动助力打造“世界绿色硅都”--高等职业教育产教融合与校企合作对策研究

地区职业教育就要以符合地区产业要求的技能人才的培养为目标,坚持以产教融合为突破口,促进高职教育与区域产业结构有机结合;将产业作为职业教育的指导,建设高等职业教育新体系和新模式,落实职业教育改革;以教学促进产业的发展、深化产教融合;落实创新驱动战略,以科教融汇为指导方向,实现高职教育与地区产业、创业创新的精准对接,为生产一线培养更多高素质技术技能人才,并在服务国家创新发展战略中发挥有力支撑作用。

Research on the Innovation Path to Strengthen Excellent Traditional Culture Education for Colleges and Universities in Shenzhen Under the Background of"Driven by Two Regions

With a series of stated-issued policies to support the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,Shenzhen has welcomed a major historical opportunity period of"driven by two regions."Shenzhen is a pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics and a dual core region of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.For colleges and universities in Shenzhen,this is both an opportunity and challenge.Under government support,colleges and universities in Shenzhen should carry out excellent traditional culture education,conduct top-level design,built an excellent traditional cultural education system,help students to form correct outlook on life and values,enhance a sense of national identity,supply first-class talents with both political integrity and professional competence for the two regions,as well as gather strength for developing the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

应用K-MEANS聚类的数据驱动产品创新模型研究

为了适应互联网技术的发展,使设计创新结果更好地满足用户需求,研究数据方式对设计创新的驱动作用。通过文献综述介绍数据驱动产品创新的基本特征,应用K-Means聚类方法构建数据驱动产品创新模型,根据模型分析结果指导产品设计。构建K-Means聚类的数据驱动产品创新模型,并应用该模型设计一款儿童陪伴机器人。使用本模型指导产品创新具有缩短产品开发时间、减少设计资源投入、提高产品设计效率等优点,有助于提高产品创新内容质量。

科技支撑产业类创新型县(市)建设模式--基于湖北国家级创新型县(市)的案例分析

近年来国家高度重视县域创新,2022年全国首批47个国家级创新型县(市)成功创建,但现阶段创新型县(市)建设路径尚未完全明晰,且对于指导县域创新驱动发展的国内研究也相对缺乏。为此,基于创新型国家建设背景分析创新型县(市)内涵,即具备科技支撑引领作用突出、经济社会可持续发展水平高、生态环境优美、创新创业氛围良好等特征,以湖北省成功创建国家级创新型县(市)的7个县(市)为例,总结分析其实践经验做法。案例研究显示:我国科技支撑产业类创新型县(市)本质上是多因子共同作用、多层面相互叠加形成的区域创新系统,其建设模式主要包括核心层、主体层、支撑层三大组织层次共6个维度构成要素,地方主政部门通过对这6个方面因地制宜优化,能够在一定程度上提升创新型县(市)建设治理效能。进一步探索符合地区发展特点的创新型县(市)建设路径,提出鼓励县(市、区)在科技管理体制、知识产权、人才吸引等重点环节先行先试,通过加强对科技型中小企业和初创型企业创新的支持和培育、加快搭建创新创业载体平台、强化配套保障等举措,推进湖北省创新型县(市)建设。

创新驱动促进区域经济协同发展研究--达州市创建省级创新型城市实践

创新驱动是经济高质量发展的重要抓手,已成为影响区域竞争力的关键变量,也是区域经济追求高质量协同发展的必经路径。十四五期间,达州市要以建设省级创新型城市为契机,围绕创新驱动促进经济高质量发展这一主题,分析达州市创建创新型城市具有的现实基础、存在的有利条件、面临的薄弱环节,提出“统一思想认识,强化规划引领”“培育创新主体,提升发展质量”“聚焦产业发展,打造创新集群”“提升研究平台,促进成果转化”“加大创新投入,激发创新动力”“强化开放创新,激发社会活力”“加强组织领导,以考核增动力”七大对策建议。

智能媒体时代城市形象传播新思路--以合肥“科创之城”传播实践为例

城市形象是提高城市竞争力,促进城市经济发展的重要助力。智能媒体时代,由于智能媒体的五“强”五“多”特性,城市形象传播从过去的政府主导转向人机协同、全员参与、动态调整阶段。鉴于经典的三级传播模型与金字塔模型在当下智能媒体语境中的解释力逐渐减弱,城市形象传播需要新的框架思路引导--新三级传播模型。以合肥为代表的城市形象传播实践证明了该模型的适用性,且合肥“科创之城”城市形象传播呈现出自塑与TA塑、塑形与矫形、自传与TA传相结合的特征。

Neutronics Optimization of LiPb-He Dual-Cooled Fuel Breeding Blanket for the Fusion-Driven sub-critical System

The concept of the liquid Li17Pb83 and Helium gas dual-cooled Fuel Breeding Blanket (FBB) for the Fusion-Driven sub-critical System (FDS) is presented and analyzed. Taking self-sustaining tritium (TBR >1.05) and annual output of 100 kg or more fissile 239Pu (FBR > 0.238) as objective parameters, and based on the three-dimensional Monte Carlo neutron-photon transport code MCNP/4A, a neutronics-optimizated calculation of different cases was carried out and the concept is proved feasible. In addition, the total breeding ratio ( BR = TBR + FBR ) is listed corresponding to different cases.

气候智慧型农业项目能否抑制农业碳排放--来自安徽气候智慧型主要粮食作物生产项目的经验证据

基于安徽省2011—2019年23个县的面板数据,在熊彼特创新理论和波特创新驱动理论的指导下,采用合成控制法评估气候智慧型主要粮食作物生产项目对怀远县农业碳排放的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:气候智慧型主要粮食作物生产项目对农业碳排放的影响效应具有一定的时滞性,在实施当年并未对怀远县人均农业碳排放量产生抑制作用,但有效抑制了2016—2019年怀远县的人均农业碳排放量。经统计,2015—2019年,怀远县的人均农业碳排放量年均下降1.9776 kg,年均降幅为1.43%。中介检验结果表明,项目运用现代技术和理念推动了农业发展模式的创新,通过创新驱动产生结构效应和技术效应,促进怀远县农业结构转型升级和生物化学型技术进步,进而抑制了农业碳排放。

Theoretical Mechanisms,Practice Foundations,and Policy Options for Big Data Driven High-quality Economic Growth in China

In the transition of China’s economy from high-speed growth to high-quality growth in the new era,economic practices are oriented to fostering new growth drivers,developing new industries,and forming new models.Based on the data flow,big data effectively integrates technology,material,fund,and human resource flows and reveals new paths for the development of new growth drivers,new industries and new models.Adopting an analytical framework with"macro-meso-micro"levels,this paper elaborates on the theoretical mechanisms by which big data drives high-quality growth through efficiency improvements,upgrades of industrial structures,and business model innovations.It also explores the practical foundations for big data driven high-quality growth including technological advancements of big data,the development of big data industries,and the formulation of big data strategies.Finally,this paper proposes policy options for big data promoting high-quality growth in terms of developing digital economy,consolidating the infrastructure construction of big data,expediting convergence of big data and the real economy,advocating for a big data culture,and expanding financing options for big data.

新质生产力:中国式现代化的新动能与新路径

纵观西方现代化和中国式现代化的历史进程,生产力的持续发展是现代化的共同特征。人类历史上每一次生产力的重大跃升都以一系列开创性的科学发现和技术突破为先导,因而科技创新是社会生产力发展的关键因素。随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的孕育兴起,新质生产力将取代传统生产力,成为推动中国式现代化的重要力量。新质生产力是以科技创新为主导,实现关键性、颠覆性技术突破的生产力,本质上是社会生产力的一次重大跃升。发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点,亦是中国式现代化的必然选择。加快形成新质生产力以推进中国式现代化,应在宏观层面坚持市场与政府有机结合,使二者协力推动科技创新;应在中观层面培育战略性新兴产业和未来产业,增强发展新动能;应在微观层面坚持“两个毫不动摇”,激发各类创新主体活力。

创新驱动战略下高职家政专业服务产业转型升级路径研究--以鄂西北地区为例

地方高职家政专业通过人才培养和社会服务助力鄂西北地区家政产业建设和发展。通过产业调研发现当前家政产教融合间存在院校间协同性不足、校企合作深度不够、校地共建模式粗放等问题。因而,在创新驱动战略背景下,结合鄂西北地区家政产业发展现状提出探索政校行企协同的人才培养模式、构建高职院校间职业教育联盟、实现“校-企-地”深度合作模式、助推家政产业结构化转型升级等建议,以期为其他区域家政产业发展提供参考。

Technology Importation and Domestic Technology Acquisition in China from the Perspective of Innovation

Foreign and domestic technologies play different roles in a country's innovation. In recent years, Chinese firms have spent less on importing foreign technology and more on acquiring domestic technology. Based on the panel data model, state space model(SSM) and the Bayesian vector autoregressive model, this paper finds that the purchase of domestic technology plays a critical role in the innovation of high-tech firms with an elasticity coefficient higher than that of technology importation before 2010. China's high-tech firms can effectively absorb purchased domestic technology, which also brings about an increase in their independent R&D input and contributes more to innovation output than imported technology. Performance of technology importation is lackluster but shows an improving trend. Technology importation is not correlated with innovation output and has a substitutive effect with independent R&D input. China is yet to enhance its absorption of imported technology. Elasticity coefficient of technology importation turned positive in 2007 and increased year by year. China should promote synergy between technology importation and domestic technology acquisition.

以新质生产力推动区域高质量发展

发展新质生产力是新时代新征程推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点,我国区域之间异质性强,区域发展差异大,要以发展新质生产力为重大契机,深入实施区域协调发展战略、区域重大战略、主体功能区战略、新型城镇化战略,优化重大生产力布局,推动区域创新中心与区域产业体系深度融合发展,加强区域间协同融合,提高战略取向一致性,促进不同区域在发展新质生产力上形成合力,不断将我国区域空间回旋余地大的优势转化为新时代高质量发展的优势,加快形成多极点支撑、多层次联动、网络化发展的区域经济格局,提高我国经济发展韧性和高质量发展的可持续性,为中国式现代化和中华民族伟大复兴提供强有力的支撑。

公共数据开放对学术创新的作用机制——基于人-数交互理论

研究基于人-数交互理论,构建含公共数据开放的数据属性、个体特征、环境因素以及学术创新的有调节的中介模型,以科研人员为研究对象,采用结构方程模型来探究公共数据开放对学术创新的作用机制。结果表明:数据丰富性与获取限制性对学术创新具有显著的正向作用;科研人员的数据素养以及社会互动在公共数据开放驱动创新中起着完全中介的作用;学科氛围强化了获取限制性对学术创新的影响,技术条件则弱化了二者之间的关系;学科氛围负向调节数据丰富性对学术创新经由数据素养的间接效应,即学科氛围越弱,间接效应越强;技术条件负向调节获取限制性对学术创新经由数据素养的间接效应,且在技术条件越低的情况下间接效应越显著。

基于历史唯物主义视域的新质生产力:内涵、形成条件与有效路径

习近平总书记提出新质生产力这一概念,不仅对东北全面振兴具有重要指导意义,对我国实现经济高质量发展和中国式现代化也具有重大战略意义。新质生产力是由于生产力构成要素的质的不断提升而呈现出来的更为先进的生产力形式。新质生产力在本质上属于马克思主义的生产力范畴,具有实践性、全面性、发展性的性质。新质生产力外显于生产力的构成要素上,这些构成要素质量的提升即“劳动者”素质的持续提升、劳动资料的改进与广泛应用、劳动对象的不断扩张、科学技术的突飞猛进、管理水平的显著提升等,形成了孕育新质生产力的条件。依据新质生产力的形成条件,新质生产力的形成路径主要有:一是通过提升教育质量、培育世界一流企业、促进产业发展以培育高质量的“劳动者”;二是深入实施创新驱动发展战略以提升劳动资料及科学技术这两个要素的质量;三是建设超大规模的全国统一大市场以实现劳动对象的扩展;四是加强党的领导与培育企业家精神以实现企业管理的变革。

Appraisal of Existing HIV/AIDs Prevention and Control Measures and Presentation of Innovative Strategies to End HIV/AIDS Epidemic by 2030

Background: Globally, UNAIDS report 2022 shows, there are 84.2 million people affected by HIV/AIDS and 40.1 million deaths from AIDS since the start of epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls accounted for 63% of all new HIV infections in 2021 with, six in seven new HIV infections among adolescents aged 15 - 19 years being girls. Key populations accounted for 70% of HIV infections globally in 2021, with 51% of these new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Reflecting on the 4 decades’ journey of HIV epidemic amidst local, national and international efforts, the UN target of ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 remains questionable unless new innovative ways are used. This study aimed at analyzing existing HIV/AIDS interventions, discuss UN interventions in line with ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 then, suggest and discuss new innovative ways of ending HIV scourge by 2030. Methods: Systematic literature review methodology was used to extract existing published information on HIV prevention strategies from 1981 to 2023. The articles were previewed by 2 experts for quality and grouped by intervention. Of the 637 articles accessed, on HIV prevention/control only 45 met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach following standard guidelines on synthesis without meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis was done, strength and limitations were identified. UNAIDS recommendations for ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 identified and analyzed. New Innovations in HIV/AIDS were presented and discussed. The scope of the reviewed literature was limited to HIV preventive strategies practiced between 1981 and 2023. Results: Findings show that, Uganda’s HIV prevalence was at a peak in 1991 of 15% (30% among pregnant women in urban areas). ABC strategy is claimed to have turned sharply downward the prevalence through the mid-1990s and reached 5% (14% for pregnant urban women) by 2001. Analysis of the strategy showed that the achievements of the strategy could not be sustained, subsequently HIV prevalence rose again. This is because none of the ABC components can independently reduce HIV problem. In the real world, 100% abstinence has failed, condom use only reduces infection by 90% (WHO), and lifelong monogamy is impractical. Such limitations weaken ABC strategy. The study established that Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) i.e. taking HIV medicines within 72 hours (3 days) after a possible exposure to HIV infection is a safe, effective and a globally practiced HIV preventive intervention in emergency situations of HIV exposure. However, PEP is limited to care sought within 72 hours after exposure and yet timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. Oral PrEP was also identified as effective HIV preventive measure that can reduce HIV risk from sex by about 99% and from injection drug users by 74%. However, like PEP, timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. The UNAIDS 95-95-95 strategy (i.e. 95% of people know their HIV status, 95% with +HIV status be on sustained ART and 95% on ART get viral load suppression) formed the basis for setting the target of ending HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2030. However, our analysis shows that this target is unrealistic given the above highlighted limitations/ barriers in preventive measures and the unlikely perfect adherence (100%) to ART by all enrolled HIV positive persons. Conclusion: Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 cannot be achieved by implementing the current preventing strategies and control measures. This study established that most of the existing HIV preventive strategies and control measures have a number of limitations. However, with sustained UN 95-95-95 strategy supplemented with additional innovative ways, there is hope that the UN dream of ending HIV/AIDS though not necessarily by 2030, can in the long run be achieved.

新质生产力:内涵特征、重大意义及发展重点

新时代新征程,发展新质生产力是中国特色社会主义解放生产力、发展生产力的重大战略举措,是推进中国式现代化建设的必由之路,是坚持高质量发展这一新时代硬道理的应有之义。新质生产力是创新起主导作用,摆脱传统经济增长方式、生产力发展路径,具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征,符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。这是马克思主义中国化时代化的又一重大理论和实践创新。发展新质生产力,需要坚持创新是核心要素、人才是重要支撑,推进高水平科技自立自强、加快构建现代化产业体系,坚持社会主义基本经济制度、加快完善与新质生产力相适应的制度体系,从而为中国式现代化提供坚实支撑。

技术与商业驱动的群智创新设计

目的结合人工智能时代下社会面临的新问题及现代设计的新使命,提出了技术与商业驱动的群智创新设计思维。方法以设计全球化、新一代人工智能及数字化生存现状为时代背景,阐述了群智创新设计在新时代下的创新本质,并从技术和商业的多元视角阐述了群智创新设计的多元内涵。结果构建了以设计为牵引,技术与商业驱动的群智创新设计模型,并结合具体案例阐述了群智创新设计的优势。结论群智创新设计注重智能技术和群体智慧的结合,是一场复杂系统层面的螺旋式创新演化。以设计为牵引、技术为支撑、商业为激励的群智创新设计方法借用现代网络平台优势及大数据、人工智能、区块链等信息技术赋能,利用群体智慧的协同作用,聚集社会中更多、更好的知识源,以助力创新创造,为社会创造共赢价值。