Potential Economic Pitfalls Call for Removal of Institutional Drawbacks——An Interview with Mr. FAN Gang (樊纲), Ph.D. of Economics, Doctoral Advisor, Director of National Research Institute of Economics

The continuous rise of consumer price index (CPI) has increased concern over China's macroeconomic situation. Will inflation have a disastrous impact on the Chinese economy? What risks are brewing behind the booming real estate and stock markets? Have bubbles already occurred in the Chinese economy? From his office in Guohong Building, Beijing, Dr. Fan Gang gave his views on these questions in an exclusive interview with China Economist.

The Economic Rationality and Institutional Driving Force of Edible Agro-products Enterprises Adopting ISO9000 Standards

This paper analyzed the economic rationality and institutional driving force of edible agro-products enterprises adopting ISO9000 standards,and built the theoretical analysis framework of enterprises adopting ISO9000 standards.The results indicated that the enterprises adopted ISO9000 standards form a variety of promoting product quality and safety business strategy options based on the considerations that getting economic efficiency and the access to resources.Based on the results,some recommendations were given for stimulating enterprises to adopt ISO9000 standards.

Southwest China Finance and Economics university Population Research Institute

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Institutional Quality,Foreign Aid and Economic Growth in Recipient Countries

Foreign aid is an important aspect of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)for enhancing two-way cooperation with BRI countries. Based on the panel data of China’sforeign aid over the period 2000-2014, this paper employs the Worldwide GovernanceIndicators (WGI) to conduct an empirical study on the economic growth effects of China’sforeign aid and recipient countries’ institutional quality with the endogeneity of aid takeninto account. Results of our empirical study suggest that (i) China’s foreign aid, especiallyinfrastructure aid, can effectively promote economic growth in recipient countries;(ii)sound institutional development offers an important assurance for economic growth inrecipient countries;(iii) sample-specific regression reveals that the institutional quality ofrecipient countries can significantly influence the economic growth effects of China’s foreignaid, especially economic infrastructure aid for recipient countries in Asia and Europe.To improve aid effectiveness and quality, China needs to improve aid structure, superviseaid program implementation, and mitigate the impact of institutional risks in recipientcountries.

The Dilemma Between the Heterodox-the Orthodox Economics and Its Ideology

Economic movements have close relation with historical transformations. Historical and social transformations have seriously determined economic views, so, economic movements have been the indicators of economic wars of social classes. But no concept can describe sharp contrast in economics better than the two opponent concepts in economics： ＂orthodox＂ and ＂heterodox＂ economics. In this article, the reason why neo-classic economics, also called as orthodox economics, has a serious place in economic literature while the opponent＇s economic movements, named heterodox economics, do not defend only one ＂truth＂ and are not as important as orthodox economics will be examined. While doing this examination, Louis Althusser＇s ＂ideology＂ and Antonio Gramsci＇s ＂hegemony＂ will help us as these two concepts are quite instructive in understanding the irreplaceable significance of orthodox economics. As a result, by discussing alternative point of views about economics, positive emphasis of multivocality in economics literature will be revealed. On the other hand, every heterodox economics cannot criticize orthodox economics in the same way. In this study, institutional economics, which is accepted to be part of heterodox economics, will be discussed thoroughly. Institutional economics had a serious attitude against orthodox economics. In this study, generally the points in orthodox economics that institutional economics opposes will be emphasized, and although both economics approaches＇ ideological attitude will be attempted to be discussed generally, it will become easy to discuss the reason why heterodox economics developed an opposing ideology against the ideology of orthodox economics.

Can Lithium Energize Sustainable Development in Bolivia？ Institutional and Policy Challenges

A new extractive boom looms over Bolivia, home to roughly a third of the world＇s lithium reserves. Since previous mining booms have not put the country on a sustainable development path, this paper briefly outlines the initial results of a research on policy options to break away with the past. The paper first assesses the relationship between resource dependence and sustainable development by looking at the evolution of genuine savings in Bolivia and neighbouring, resource-rich countries. It then discusses Bolivia＇s potential position on the world＇s lithium market and examines the institutional variables that shape perceptions, expectations and policy options at national and local levels. Notwithstanding major technological challenges, the paper concludes that further research should shed light on how inclusive processes can be nurtured in rentier states, and how far specific institutional reforms can contribute to turning the looming lithium boom into sustainable outcomes in the Bolivian case.

Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting Institutionalized

External Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting （CSER） finds its raison d＇etre in corporations＇ search for both a license to operate and accountability towards society. This suggests a relationship between corporations and society. In this study, that relationship is analyzed, specifically the relationship between levels of CSER and economic institutions. A strong link with institutions is an outcome of institutionalization. The economic institutions applied are economic freedom and legal origin as a proxy for national corporate governance systems. The results of this descriptive study show associations between CSER levels and economic freedom. CSER is also related to national corporate governance systems through legal origin. CSER appears to be institutionalized, or in any case, corporations seem to be aware of the economic institutionalization of CSER.

Different Situations, Different Economic Institutions ---A Historical Perspective on China and India＇s Approaches to Development

Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, current economic issues, etc. except for regime. The competition between China and India is a typical one between economic institutions. This paper, by making a diachronic analysis on their courses of development, tries to justify the importance of adopting an economic institution suitable to the situation of a country.

A comparative study on institutional collaboration characteristics in EM and LIS in China

Purpose： This study analyzes the current status of institutional cooperation in economics and management （EM） and library and information science （LIS） in China.Design/methodology/approach： Based on the Chinese Social Science Citation Index （CSSCI） database, we constructed institutional collaboration networks in EM and LIS, and analyzed the collaboration characteristics through social network analysis.Findings： In the development and evolution of the collaboration network of institutions in humanities and social sciences, EM is always at the center. It has extensive cooperation relationships with other fields. The position of LIS has also become centralized, and its interdisciplinary cooperation has increased. For both EM and LIS, we observed ＂small-world＂ and ＂scale-free＂ networks, indicating full communication and mature development in both disciplines. Based on a comparison of two institutions in the two fields, we confirmed the comprehensive development in EM and the extensive information exchange in LIS.Research limitations： We collected data only from humanities and social sciences, but did not consider the connection between EM and natural sciences, or between LIS and natural sciences. In addition, the paper lacks analysis of institutional collaboration at the micro level.Practical implications： The paper provides insights into the institutional cooperation characteristics in EM and LIS in China.Originality/value： The paper offers a new perspective on the characteristics of institutional collaboration in China.

Human Resource Management of Public Institutions from the Perspective of Sustainable Economic Development

At this stage,the sustainability of human resources in China is becoming more apparent.As vital units of social development,public institutions are facing fierce competitions under the appalling situation of today’s market economy,and the problem of human resource management is increasingly significant.In order to improve their potentiality for sustainable development and enhance their core competitiveness,public institutions must pay attention to human resource management.At present,the human resource management of public institutions,whether from the micro level of employees and managers,or the regional differences at the macro level,all show significant problems,such as the flawed employee management system,the serious phenomenon of difference and mismatch,as well as the lack of professional knowledge among managers.Based on this,this paper takes the coordinated relationship between human resource management and sustainable economic development as a breakthrough and proposes several measures for the problems that exist in the human resource management of public institutions,so as to continuously improve the level of their human resource management as well as promote the sustainable development of public institutions and social economy.

超越技术的视角:新型基础设施推动区域经济发展的理论基础与科学议题

新型基础设施(新基建)是第四次工业革命的基石,是推动区域经济发展和实现大国崛起的引擎,也是经济地理的前沿和重要研究领域。本文以超越技术的视角,系统梳理了当前经济地理学中关于新基建的相关理论,主要包括技术关联性理论、关键赋能技术理论、技术−制度协同演化理论和区域一体化理论等。在此基础上,提出需重点关注的3个科学议题及研究思路,分别是新基建技术−制度协同演化路径与机制研究、新基建赋能产业创新发展机制研究和新基建统筹布局与区域一体化运行机制研究。本文旨在建立新基建推动区域经济发展的理论框架,以期为中国更好发挥新基建战略潜力和推动区域高质量发展提供理论支撑。

制度压力与企业绿色技术扩散群体行为研究

加快绿色技术扩散能够最大限度地释放创新活力,为生态文明建设提供有力支撑。使用2005-2021年中国A股上市公司绿色专利引用数据探讨企业绿色技术扩散群体行为的存在性、作用机制及实际影响。研究表明,企业绿色技术扩散过程存在显著的行业群体效应,同行企业绿色技术扩散水平提升会强化目标企业的绿色技术扩散意愿;在不同的技术扩散水平、扩散阶段和技术能力上群体效应存在显著差异。将制度压力分为监管、规范和模仿压力,发现3种压力均会激发企业绿色技术扩散的群体行为,并且3种压力具有替代作用,模仿压力替代监管压力,监管压力又替代规范压力,表明企业绿色技术扩散群体行为主要源于竞争而非监管和规范。进一步将企业绩效分为经济绩效和环境绩效,发现企业绿色技术扩散水平提升会改善其经济绩效与环境绩效,群体效应会强化企业对环境绩效的积极影响,抑制对经济绩效的改善作用,研究结论为促进企业绿色技术扩散提供了理论指导与策略参考。

新制度经济学视角下我国公立医院规模增长解释框架研究

新医改以来,我国各级各类公立医院规模迅速增长,衍生出财政负担持续加重、卫生费用过快增长、社会基本医疗保险资金分布严重失衡等一系列问题。囿于对我国公立医院规模内涵和增长根源性动力认知的含混,传统经济学有关对我国公立医院规模增长的解释缺乏说服力。鉴于此,从新的经济学角度揭示我国公立医院规模增长的本质性驱动框架已成为指导我国公立医院下一阶段高质量发展的重大理论问题。采用复杂系统建模法测度了新医改以来我国公立医院规模增长状况;归纳了当代公立医院日渐复杂的制度谱系;借鉴新制度经济学制度自身成本和制度变迁成本的观点,从制度成本分析入手,提出在价格规制的前提下,公立医院通过规模增长补偿制度性成本是最佳策略;最后,围绕新医改以来,公立医院经历的囚徒困境博弈、猎鹿博弈、守规博弈三重情境,探明了我国公立医院规模从单体规模增长到延伸性规模增长、再到协同性规模增长的演进路径。

理解经济增长的源泉:基于一个简约的生产函数

文章尝试将技术进步、分工专业化、国际关系和制度因素有机整合入一个统一的简约生产函数,重点从全要素生产率和制度两个维度来理解经济增长的源泉。概言之,技术进步、分工专业化和良好的国际关系通过提升全要素生产率来推动经济长期增长,制度升级对全要素生产率和生产要素效能产生系统性的促进作用。出于清晰表达的目的,模型对主要变量的作用机制进行了简化的独立分析,但在实现经济增长的过程中,技术进步、分工专业化、国际关系和制度等因素之间往往具有复杂的互动关系。

从保温饱到共富裕:新中国工业化使命的演变

聚焦谋发展使命,新中国工业化道路具有鲜明的阶段性特征,从保温饱到奔小康再到共富裕,始终坚持以人为本,以人民利益为核心。在保温饱阶段,通过确立一切以经济建设为中心原则、突破计划经济的经济体制改革、“四三方案”技术引进等制度创新,大大提升了工业品生产效率,极大地提高了人民生活水平;在奔小康阶段,工业发展重点从“有没有”转向“好不好”,通过市场化改革、创新发展、开放发展、工业立国、包容性发展、可持续发展使中国发展成为世界上最大的工业国家,并全面建成小康社会;在共富裕阶段,中国正加快构建新发展格局,已取得新冠病毒感染防控重大决定性胜利、人均预期寿命历史性突破、关键核心技术标志性成果涌现等成就。通过历史梳理,认为工业是保温饱、奔小康与共富裕的主引擎,结合实际又与时俱进的工业化改革、对外开放、处理好政府与市场的关系是加快工业化发展的必由之路。

制度型开放与企业创新能力

实施和推进制度型开放是以创新引领我国经济高质量发展的必然要求。在创新性地对制度型开放进行量化测度的基础上,使用我国企业微观数据,实证分析了制度型开放对企业创新能力的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,制度型开放对企业创新能力的提升具有显著促进作用,其具体机制主要是制度型开放提高了我国的人才空间集聚度以及推进了我国融入国际技术创新的进程。从影响的异质性角度看,制度型开放对我国东部和中部地区企业、非国有企业和高技术产业中企业创新能力的正向影响更为明显。为了更好地发挥制度型开放在促进企业创新能力提升中的作用,不仅需要进一步提升企业的创新转化能力、加大改革开放力度和加快建设国内统一大市场,还要在继续稳步扩大制度型开放的过程中提高我国在全球经济治理中的参与度和话语权。

基于新制度经济学的长三角一体化进阶路径研究

长三角地区是我国经济最发达和活跃的区域之一,其一体化进程备受关注。基于新制度经济学理论,深入分析了长三角一体化取得的显著成就与面临的挑战,从政企联动制度、公共监管保障制度、区域间联动制度、公共制度、产权制度和要素配置制度六个方面提出了长三角一体化的实施路径与政策建议,这些建议为推进长三角一体化发展战略提供了坚实的理论支持,也为其他区域复制其成功经验奠定了基础。

制度型开放的理论证成与实施路径——以对接国际高标准经贸规则为视角

制度型开放具有丰富的内涵及深刻的时代意蕴,制度型开放聚焦于规则和制度层面的改革和创新,其实质是通过国内法的方式将国际经济法的价值和原则制度化,是更高层次的主动开放和单边开放,是以互认和积极的协调为基础的开放。就其意义而言,制度型开放是建设更高水平开放型经济新体制的重要内容,是适应国际经贸规则变化新趋势的必然要求,是中国参与全球治理的重要途径。制度型开放的总要求是构建与国际高标准经贸规则相衔接的制度体系和监管模式。具体而言,我国应在完善外资准入等国内规则体系的同时,在数字经济等新兴领域积极引领国际规则的构建;加强规制透明度的同时,通过互认、遵从良好规制实践等促进国内规制的协调与合作;探索建立跨境服务贸易负面清单管理制度、对接《投资便利化协定》完善外资管理;通过标准联通、互认等方式加强标准国际化方面的合作。

ESG投资、机构投资者持股与实体投资效率

提高企业实体投资效率是经济高质量发展的重要内涵。近年来,随着可持续发展和绿色发展理念深入人心,ESG投资对企业实体投资效率的影响受到越来越多的关注。以2009—2021年沪深A股2710家上市企业为样本,通过实证检验ESG投资对企业实体投资效率产生的影响以及机构投资者持股发挥的调节作用。研究结果发现:ESG投资对企业实体投资效率的作用呈U型,机构投资者持股对二者关系具有负向调节效应。进一步研究还发现,机构投资者的异质性会影响其发挥的作用,独立型机构投资者具有正向调节作用,而非独立型机构投资者具有负向调节效应;相比于交易型机构投资者,稳定型机构投资者更能够发挥正向调节效应。这一研究结果为企业持续践行ESG投资,提高企业实体投资效率,推动经济高质量发展提供了经验证据;能够丰富机构投资者治理效应的研究,有利于机构投资者加强自身建设、转变发展理念;对政府部门健全ESG建设的相关政策和制度、加强对机构投资者的培育,具有一定的启示作用。