Community perspectives on the effectiveness of watershed management institutions in the Himalayas

The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed level.However,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level institutions.Therefore,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central Nepal.The study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the data.Descriptive analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic variables.The results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the watershed.Specifically,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than 0.36.In contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to 0.65.However,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their performance.Further,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their rationalities.Therefore,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and institutions.To enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommend establishing a policy-guided institutional mechanism at the watershed scale.This mechanism should be based on various institutional characteristics and rationalities and should consider the extant variability in the socio-demographic and topographic characteristics of the watershed.

Research on the Internal Talent Training Path and Performance Evaluation Mechanism of New R&D Institutions in Zhejiang Province

New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.

Digital Transformation:The Impact of e-CNY on Securities Institutions and Financial Systems in China

In recent years,the rapid advancement of emerging technologies such as big data,blockchain,and artificial intelligence has accelerated the transformation of currencies,shifting from materialization towards digitization and electronization.The e-CNY stands out as a prime example of China’s pioneering digital financial innovation globally.Governed by the central bank,it embodies the national agenda.As the e-CNY’s application field and reach expand,its relationship with the financial market grows increasingly intimate.As a significant participant in China’s financial landscape and a proactive responder to national policies,the securities industry is profoundly influenced by the e-CNY across various domains.Therefore,this paper undertakes a theoretical analysis of the e-CNY’s implementation within securities institutions,concluding that it will usher in a new paradigm for the entire financial system.

Analysis of the Current Situation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions in Shaanxi Province

To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.

Application and Practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Technology Inheritance in Research and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparations in Medical Institutions

Medical institution preparations play an important role in the development of hospitals,being one of the main forms of traditional Chinese medicine clinical characteristic medication,as well as an important carrier for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine.In recent years,the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine preparations has become a hot spot in the research and development of preparations by medical institutions.Traditional Chinese medicine preparations prepared by traditional processes and their entrusted preparation matters have changed from the current licensing management to filing management.The registration model of traditional Chinese medicine preparations has undergone significant changes,emphasizing more on real data and evaluation results from the objective world,respecting traditional medication experience,and emphasizing the inheritance and innovative development of traditional technological experience.In the process of following teachers in the inheritance project of traditional Chinese medicine,we combined the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine characteristic technology with the research and development practice of traditional Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions,and focused on the analysis and discussion of technical problems such as prescription screening,dosage form selection,process route design and clinical observation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations,hoping to provide reference for scholars in the same field of traditional Chinese medicine.

A Sentiment Analysis Based Model for Recruitment by Higher Institutions

The traditional roles of a university are teaching and research with the aim of developing society and contributing positively to the national economic development by producing skilled and well-tutored graduates. However, recruitments by these higher institutions are too reliant on the eligibility provided by Resumes of candidates, while neglecting their suitability drawn from their research activity and publications online. This study identifies insights in recruitment trends in higher institutions of learning and uses Artificial Intelligence to produce a more rounded and balanced decision-making process that caters for both eligibility and suitability. The methodology employs the machine learning process using the Multinomial Naïve Bayes for training the model as well as the Vader sentiment analyzer for accuracy and testing. The datasets used contained Resume instances as well as author publication information. The results show a score of 83.9% for the model as well as a sentiment analysis score of 1, indicating an overall positive score. The results show that sentiment analysis can help educational institutions in improving their recruitment models and attracting more suitable candidates for such roles.

Adoption Strategy for Cloud Computing in Research Institutions: A Structured Literature Review

Currently, Kenyan research institutions Information Technology operations use external storage, within or without institutional network environments. This study presents a structured literature review of a cloud computing adoption strategy for research institutions in Kenya. The reviews objectives are: 1) to establish the characteristics/peculiarities and IT environments of research institutions in Kenya, 2) current cloud computing technologies, adoption approaches and drivers in the adoption of cloud computing. The findings are that there is need for an adoption strategy for Cloud computing in the Kenyan research Institutions that will use a DOI and TOE combined approach while addressing technological, organizational and environmental factors. The findings are used to propose a cloud computing adoption strategy for the Kenyan Research Institutions in future research.

Blockchain Governance: The Development and Application of a Framework for Waqf Institutions

The effectiveness of waqf administration is impeded by poor management of assets,opacity,and unstandardized reporting.Blockchain is expected to solve these issues due to its ability to record and trace every transaction,allowing administrators to discharge their accountability to waqf stakeholders.While there have been numerous proposals for waqf blockchain,there is no explicit framework for the governance of blockchain in waqf institutions.We propose a governance of blockchain framework for waqf institutions based on IT governance dimensions and blockchain governance dimensions from the literature.The framework comprises three dimensions(formation and context,actors,and means of governance/decision making)that subsume eight sub-dimensions across three layers and three stages.We then apply the framework on a blockchain-based waqf organization to examine its usefulness.The framework is among the first to be designed for waqf institutions.

A Study on the Quality of Life of Elderly Nurses in Two Selected Elderly Care Institutions in Shandong Province

Objective: To comprehensively understand the impact of the quality of life of elderly nurses in two selected elderly care institutions in Zibo city, Shandong province, and to provide a scientific basis for improving the professional quality of life of elderly nurses. Methods: The convenient sampling method was used to investigate the professional quality of life (proQOL) questionnaire Version 5 and the self-designed demographic data of 82 elderly nurses working in two elderly care institutions. Result: From this score, it can be seen that the occupational burnout problem of elderly nursing staff in the two nursing homes is the most significant, with empathy and secondary trauma emergency at a moderate level. After controlling the demographic variables, the working hours and monthly income level had a significant impact on nurses’ job burnout. Conclusion: Due to the particularity and high intensity of elderly nurses’ work, their physical and mental health faces many challenges, which affect their quality of life. At present, efforts will be made to reduce work pressure, increase wages and benefits, and thereby improve the quality of life.

Survey on the Status Quo of Emergency Response Capabilities of Public Health Emergencies in Grassroots Disease Control Institutions in a Certain Area

Objective:To survey and study the emergency response capabilities of grassroots disease control institutions in a certain area for public health emergencies,and to put forward suggestions for rectification.Methods:The study was carried out from March 2022 to March 2023.Field surveys,questionnaire surveys,and interviews were used to investigate and analyze the emergency response capabilities of public health emergencies in 5 county Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs)in the region.Results:Through the survey,it was found that the professional level of the existing emergency team personnel of the grassroots disease control institutions in this region needs to be improved.There was an overall lack of emergency plans,and the compliance rate of the equipment,inspection,and testing items was low.The health emergency system of the CDCs in the region and the ability of the talent team need to be further improved.Conclusion:The emergency response capacity of grassroots disease control institutions in this region needs to be improved.For this reason,government departments need to increase investment and strengthen the construction of talent teams and hardware settings,and grassroots disease control institutions need to strengthen the construction of the public health emergency system to improve the ability to respond to public health emergencies.

International Renowned Databases and Institutions Indexing Asian Agricultural Research

Asian Agricultural Research(ISSN 1943-9903),founded in 2009,is a monthly comprehensive agricultural academic journal published and approved by the Library of Congress of the United States of America.·CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure),China·CSA Illumina(Cambridge Scientific Abstracts),USA·EBSCO database,USA·CABI(Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International),UK·AgEcon Search(Research in Agricultural and Applied Economics),USA·Naresuan University Library,Thailand·Agricultural Development Foundation(ADF),India。

The Establishment of the Innovative and Practical Teaching Mode for Architecture Majors with the Help of “Schools-Enterprises-Governments-Research Institutions”

This paper focuses on the establishment of the teaching mode of innovative and practical architectural professionals, which is assisted by colleges and universities, enterprises, governments and research institutions. This paper believes that through the reform of the teaching mode, we can solve the problems such as the ivory-towered teaching of architecture in colleges and universities, the superficial teaching contents, inadequate teaching staff, students' poor innovation practice ability and tight professional funds. It is expected that this paper can provide assistance for architecture majors in the guidance of innovative ideas, the building of practical ability, and the establishment of knowledge system.

Current Situation and Mode of Talent Training in Marine Cultural Industry Based on Collaborative Innovation of Governments,Enterprises,Colleges,Scientific Institutions and Users

Based on the present situation of talent training in marine cultural industry,the collaborative innovation mechanism of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users was used to construct the mode of talent training in marine cultural industry. It is needed to give full play to the active roles of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users in the training of marine cultural talents,develop training mode of innovative scientific and technological talents,speed up the construction of collaborative innovation ability of marine cultural talents,and improve the efficiency of talent training.

Impact of global financial crunch on financially innovative microfinance institutions in South Asia

The wave of global financial crises(2008-2009)caused a surge in the capital flows of developed countries particularly,between developed and developing countries.The crunch hit all financial sectors with unanticipated severity.The study evaluates the role of a country’s political practices in moderating the impact of global financial crunch on microfinance performance.Using the fixed effect panel regression method on the dataset comprising of 95 MFIs operating in South Asia from 2003 to 2012,we determine that microfinance operational capability shares a positive relationship with the institutional attributes of a country and our output reveals that impact of country’s political practices is pervasive on the financial output of MFIs,liable to different levels of implementation.The findings further reveals that MFIs situated in countries having vigorous political practices are less severely affected by the economic crunch.

On Localization of ELT at Sino-foreign Cooperative Institutions

With the rapid development of educational reform and innovation,Sino-foreign Cooperative Institutions have made greatachievements.Especially after China entered the WTO,as foreign universities educational resources are introduced,the localiza-tion of English language teaching arouse much attention.This paper is to explore and study the Localization of English LanguageTeaching at Sino-foreign Cooperative Institutions.And then is the study on localization of English language teaching at SIAS Inter-national University.Through the evidence of this paper shows,it can pose a theory reference and support to Sino-foreign Coopera-tive Institutions.

Model of Healthcare-Associated Infection Control in Primary Health Care Institutions:A Structural Equation Modeling

The purpose of this study was to construct the model of organization system,managemcnt,training and surveillance in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control(IC)of primary health care institutions and identify its efleet on patient safety and decreasing economic burden by standardizing IC.A cross-sectional survey was conducted with questionnaires.Data were collected from 268 primary health care institutions in Hubei province,China.Hypotheses on the model of IC were analyzed by means of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.The results showed that the fit indices of the hypothesized model of IC satisfied recommended levels:root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.071;comparative fit index(CFI)=0.965;tucker lewis index(TLI)=0.956:weighted root mean square residual(WRMR)=1.014.The model showed that organization system had a direct effect on management(β=0.311.P<0.01),and training(β=0.365,P<0.01).Management and training played an intermediary role that partially promoted organization system impact on surveillance.Results also showed that institutional factors such as the number of physicians、the ninnber of nurses,the designated capacity of beds,the actual number of open beds and surgery trips had positive impacts on management(β=0.050,P<0.01;β=0.181,P<0.01;β-0.111.P<0.01;β=0.064,P<0.01;β=0.084,P=0.04);nd training(β=0.21,P=0.03;β=0.050,P=0.02;β=0.586.P=0.01;0=0.995,P=0.02;β=0.223.P=0.03).In conclusion.the model of organization system,managemcnt,training and surveillancc in IC of primary health care institutions is valuable tor guiding IC practice.

Sustainability in Higher Education Institutions(HEI):Merging the Study Systematic Review,Analysis Content and Bibliometrics

This study aims to explore how the topic of sustainability in Higher Education Institutions(HEI)has been addressed in the scientific literature.It presents a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles published between 1975 and 2019.After that,bibliometric and content analyses were performed in order to identify the behavior and evolution of the literature and identify the frequency with which they appear in the text,making it possible to raise replicable and valid inferences to the data.The results of this study indicate that the theme is emerging since the year 2010 and with a strong focus on qualitative studies,focused on critical theory.The results indicate that although studies involve the tripod environment,economy,and society,there is still a gap in studies that deal with specific issues to solve practical problems and that analyze the impacts from a more holistic perspective.The combination of methods made it possible to identify and interpret the articles in the selected sample,but based on results reported by other authors,with little room for quality control and integrity.

Institutions and water governance in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

The goals of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) can be achieved by embracing the principles of distributive governance, which places both customary and statutory water institutions on the same pedestal in the governance of water resources. As culture and traditions constitute intangible aspects of water resources management in rural Africa, the recognition of water governance systems grounded in local norms, which correspond better with the aspirations of local water users as against the expert-knowledge systems is desirable. Following the introduction of the statutory institutions in postcolonial Africa, customary institutions, which were once effective in regulating water resources became relegated to the background in those countries, including Botswana . Adopting a critical literature review approach, this article employs the concept of legal pluralism to analyze the institutional factors that create the disharmony between cultural and statutory water governance and management institutions. Findings indicate that water has been abstracted from its social nature and transformed into a tradable economic good. Ultimately, the local meanings and images encoded in water as a nature-given resource are overlooked, thus generating conflicts in water governance. The paper recommends the adoptions of legal pluralism under which water institutions need to embrace both customary and statutory institutions.

Enhanced Artificial Intelligence-based Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection for Higher Education Institutions

As higher education institutions(HEIs)go online,several benefits are attained,and also it is vulnerable to several kinds of attacks.To accomplish security,this paper presents artificial intelligence based cybersecurity intrusion detection models to accomplish security.The incorporation of the strategies into business is a tendency among several distinct industries,comprising education,have recognized as game changer.Consequently,the HEIs are highly related to the requirement and knowledge of the learner,making the education procedure highly effective.Thus,artificial intelligence(AI)and machine learning(ML)models have shown significant interest in HEIs.This study designs a novel Artificial Intelligence based Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection Model for Higher Education Institutions named AICIDHEI technique.The goal of the AICID-HEI technique is to determine the occurrence of distinct kinds of intrusions in higher education institutes.The AICID-HEI technique encompassesmin-max normalization approach to preprocess the data.Besides,the AICID-HEI technique involves the design of improved differential evolution algorithm based feature selection(IDEA-FS)technique is applied to choose the feature subsets.Moreover,the bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)model is utilized for the detection and classification of intrusions in the network.Furthermore,the Adam optimizer is applied for hyperparameter tuning to properly adjust the hyperparameters in higher educational institutions.In order to validate the experimental results of the proposed AICID-HEI technique,the simulation results of the AICIDHEI technique take place by the use of benchmark dataset.The experimental results reported the betterment of the AICID-HEI technique over the other methods interms of different measures.

jdisHow does the Research Capacity Gap among Institutions Change over Time?

Recent investigation has reported that the richest 10%of the world population now owns 76%of all wealth due to COVID-19,indicating a wide gap between the rich and the poor across the globe(World Economic Forum,2022).This disparity also prevails in science,where a few prominent institutions publish most impactful papers,while the rest majority are inconspicuous.