Diagnostic values of questionnaires of Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey and College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life in the screening of convergence insufficiency

AIM:To compare and analyse the diagnostic efficacy of the College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life Questionnaire(COVD-QOL)and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey(CISS)in detecting convergence insufficiency and to compare their diagnostic value in clinical applications.METHODS:Using the diagnostic test method,62 adult patients with convergence insufficiency(age:24.74±3.75y)and 62 normal participants(age:23.61±3.13y)who visited the Optometry Clinic of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2021 to January 2023 were included.All subjects completed the CISS and COVD-QOL.Statistical analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the CISS and COVD-QOL and comparison and joint experimental analysis of their diagnostic efficacy were performed.RESULTS:The sensitivity of the CISS and COVD-QOL for convergence insufficiency was 64.5%and 71.0%,respectively,while the specificity was 96.8%and 67.7%,respectively.Compared to the CISS alone,the combination of the CISS and COVD-QOL demonstrated lower sensitivity and specificity.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CISS,COVD-QOL and CISS combined with COVD-QOL were 0.806,0.694 and 0.782,respectively.CONCLUSION:Considering the low sensitivity of the CISS and the low specificity of the COVD-QOL,it is recommended to supplement these questionnaires with other screening tests for the detection of convergence insufficiency.

Chronic venous insufficiency, could it be one of the missing pieces in the puzzle of treating pain?

Pain is a common complaint among patients seeking medical care.If left un-treated,pain can become chronic,significantly affecting patients’quality of life.An accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause of pain is crucial for effective treatment.Chronic venous insufficiency(CVI)is frequently overlooked by pain physicians.Moreover,many pain physicians lack sufficient knowledge about CVI.CVI is a common condition resulting from malfunctioning or damaged valves in lower limb veins.Symptoms of CVI,ranging from mild to severe,include pain,heaviness,fatigue,itching,swelling,skin color changes,and ulcers in the lower limbs.Recently,it has become more widely known that these symptoms can be attributed to CVI.Even slight or mild CVI can cause related symptoms.Pain physicians primarily consider neuromusculoskeletal disorders when assessing patients with leg pain,and often neglect the possibility of CVI.In clinical practice,when pain physicians encounter patients with unresolved leg pain,they must assess whether the patients exhibit symptoms of CVI and conduct tests to differ-entiate CVI from other potential causes.

Application of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for premature ovarian insufficiency: Recent advances from mechanisms to therapeutics

The incidence of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is increasing worldwide,particularly among younger women,posing a significant challenge to fertility.In addition to menopausal symptoms,POI leads to several complications that profoundly affect female reproductive function and overall health.Unfortunately,current clinical treatment strategies for this condition are limited and often yield unsatisfactory outcomes.These approaches typically involve hormone repla-cement therapy combined with psychological support.Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapies for POI have garnered considerable attention in global research.MSCs can restore ovarian reproductive and endocrine functions through diverse mechanisms,including controlling differentiation,promoting angiogenesis,regulating ovarian fibrosis,inhibiting apoptosis,enhancing autocrine and paracrine effects,suppressing inflammation,modulating the immune system,and genetic regulation.This editorial offers a succinct summary of the application of MSC therapy in the context of POI,providing evidence for groundbreaking medical approaches that have potential to enhance reproductive health and overall well-being for women.

Significance of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity tests as biomarkers of premature ovarian insufficiency: A case control study

BACKGROUND Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is a condition that causes secondary amenorrhea owing to ovarian hypofunction at an early stage.Early follicular depletion results in intractable infertility,thereby considerably reducing the quality of life of females.Given the continuum in weakened ovarian function,progressing from incipient ovarian failure(IOF)to transitional ovarian failure and further to POI,it is necessary to develop biomarkers for predicting POI.The oxidative stress states in IOF and POI were comprehensively evaluated via oxidative stress[diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites(d-ROMs)]test and anti-oxidant capacity[biological antioxidant potential(BAP)].METHODS Females presenting with secondary amenorrhea over 4 mo and a follicle stimulating hormone level of>40 mIU/mL were categorized into the POI group.Females presenting with a normal menstrual cycle and a follicle stimulating hormone level of>10.2 mIU/mL were categorized into the IOF group.Healthy females without ovarian hypofunction were categorized into the control group.Among females aged<40 years who visited our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022,we recruited 11 patients into both POI and IOF groups.For the potential antioxidant capacity,the relative oxidative stress index(BAP/d-ROMs×100)was calculated,and the oxidative stress defense system was comprehensively evaluated.RESULTS d-ROMs were significantly higher in the POI and IOF groups than in the control group,(478.2±58.7 U.CARR,434.5±60.6 U.CARR,and 341.1±35.1 U.CARR,respectively)(U.CARR is equivalent to 0.08 mg/dL of hydrogen peroxide).However,no significant difference was found between the POI and IOF groups.Regarding BAP,no significant difference was found between the control,IOF,and POI groups(2078.5±157.4μmol/L,2116.2±240.2μmol/L,and 2029.0±186.4μmol/L,respectively).The oxidative stress index was significantly higher in the POI and IOF groups than in the control group(23.7±3.3,20.7±3.6,and 16.5±2.1,respectively).However,no significant difference was found between the POI and IOF groups.CONCLUSION High levels of oxidative stress suggest that evaluating the oxidative stress state may be a useful indicator for the early detection of POI.

Alzheimer's disease with sleep insufficiency:a cross-sectional study on correlations among clinical characteristics,orexin,its receptors,and the bloodbrain barrier

Previous studies have shown that reduced sleep duration,sleep fragmentation,and decreased sleep quality in patients with Alzheimer's disease are related to dysfunction in orexin signaling.At the same time,blood-brain barrier disruption is considered an early biomarker of Alzheimer's disease.However,currently no report has examined how changes in orexin signaling relate to changes in the blood-brain barrier of patients who have Alzheimer's disease with sleep insufficiency.This cross-sectional study included 50 patients with Alzheimer's disease who received treatment in 2019 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital.Patients were divided into two groups:those with insufficient sleep(sleep duration≤6 hours,n=19,age 61.58±8.54 years,10 men)and those with normal sleep durations(sleep duration>6 hours,n=31,age 63.19±10.09 years,18 men).Demographic variables were collected to evaluate cognitive function,neuropsychiatric symptoms,and activities of daily living.The levels of orexin,its receptor proteins,and several blood-brain barrier factors were measured in cerebrospinal fluid.Sleep insufficiency was associated with impaired overall cognitive function that spanned multiple cognitive domains.Furthermore,levels of orexin and its receptors were upregulated in the cerebrospinal fluid,and the blood–brain barrier was destroyed.Both these events precipitated each other and accelerated the progression of Alzheimer's disease.These findings describe the clinical characteristics and potential mechanism underlying Alzheimer's disease accompanied by sleep deprivation.Inhibiting the upregulation of elements within the orexin system or preventing the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier could thus be targets for treating Alzheimer's disease.

Acute adrenal insufficiency caused by antiphospholipid syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are frequently discussed together and considered two closely related diseases.APS involves multiple organ systems,but APS-related endocrine manifestations are rare.^([1])Among them,adrenal insufficiency (AI) is the first endocrine manifestation of APS.The prompt diagnosis of AI is critical,as this disorder has high morbidity and mortality if left untreated.Here,we report a rare case of acute AI caused by APS secondary to SLE.CASEIn August 2022,a 39-year-old woman without a significant family history of medical diseases presented to our emergency department (ED) for low back pain,nausea,anorexia,fatigue,hypoglycemia,and hypotension.One month prior,she had fatigue,loss of appetite,low back pain,cough with sputum.

Prolonged Adrenal Insufficiency after Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Cortisolic Adenoma

Background: The suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumors is well recognized and requires peri- and postoperative hydrocortisone substitution. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old female patient with hypertension and progressive weight gain, the clinical signs of hypercorticism motivated a hormonal workup revealing an independent ACTH Cushing’s syndrome: with urinary free cortisol (UFC) at 649 nmol/24h (4× normal), adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) at 1.5 ng/l. The rest of the hormonal workup was not performed due to a lack of financial means. An Adrenal CT scan showed a 4 cm right adrenal adenoma. The patient underwent a right adrenalectomy with an adrenal adenoma on pathological examination. The contralateral side was normal. The patient was treated with hydrocortisone 30 mg/d for 6 weeks then 15 mg/d, during the monitoring we noted a persistence of the adrenal insufficiency for now 4 years. Basal cortisol levels during follow-up were very low (<3 μg/dl) ruling out the need for synacthen stimulation tests. Conclusion: Adrenal cortisol tumors are recognized by suppression, the duration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression is variable from 11 to 60 months depending on the series, which depends on the duration, severity of hypercortisolism, tumor size and other unknown factors. A longer follow-up of these patients is necessary to look for recovery of the contralateral adrenal gland.

Effects of slanted bilateral lateral recession vs conventional bilateral lateral recession on convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia:a prospective study

AIM:To observe the surgical effects of slanted bilateral lateral recession(S-BLR)versus conventional bilateral lateral recession(C-BLR)in convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia(CI-IXT).METHODS:Using a randomized,double-blind,prospective design,22 patients with CI-IXT who were admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from July 2019 to December 2020 were included.Patients were randomly divided into either S-BLR or C-BLR group for their subsequent strabismus surgery.All patients were followed up for 12mo.Near deviation,distant deviation,and neardistance difference(NDD)were measured in all patients.RESULTS:Twelve months after surgery,NDD improvement was 10(8,13)prismatic degrees(PD)in S-BLR group and 3(1,6)PD in C-BLR group(P=0.011).The near deviation of S-BLR group was 0(-2,2)PD,while that of C-BLR group was-4(-6,-3)PD(P=0.005).Before and after surgery,the difference in the distant deviation between the two groups was not statistically significant.There was no statistically significant difference in near stereopsis between the two groups(P=0.380)at 12mo.The success rate at 12mo after operation was 90.91%and 72.73%in the two groups(P=0.280).CONCLUSION:CI-IXT patients treated with S-BLR have better surgical outcomes than those treated with C-BLR,which indicates S-BLR is a safe and effective operation pattern.

Analysis of oxidative stress and antioxidative potential in premature ovarian insufficiency

BACKGROUND Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is characterized by an early decline in ovarian function,inducing secondary amenorrhea.While the cause of POI has not yet been identified,the function of mitochondria in the ovaries and the cytotoxicity associated with reactive oxygen species(ROS)have been implicated in follicle pool depletion and a decline in follicle quality.Recently developed tests have enabled easy measurement of diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites(d-ROMs)and biological antioxidant potential(BAP).The combination of these two tests is used to comprehensively assess oxidative stress in the blood.AIM To comprehensively assess the oxidative stress of d-ROMs and BAP in POI.METHODS Participants were classified into two groups:A POI group of 11 women aged<40 years examined between January 2021 and June 2022 with a history of secondary amenorrhea for at least 4 mo in our hospital and an FSH value of≥40 mIU/mL;and a control group of healthy women of the same age with normal ovarian function in our hospital.Plasma d-ROMs and BAP were measured in both these groups underwent.Differences between groups were assessed using the t-test.RESULTS The mean age and mean body mass index(BMI)were 35.8±3.0 years and 20.1±1.9 kg/m2 in the control group and 35.8±2.7 years and 19.4±2.5 kg/m2 in the POI group,respectively.The mean gravidity and parity in control and POI groups were 0.6±0.7 and 0.4±0.5 and 0.6±0.9 and 0.3±0.5,respectively.The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of mean age,BMI,gravidity,or parity.The d-ROMs level was significantly higher in the POI group than in the control group(478.2±58.7 vs 341.1±35.1 U.CARR;P<0.001);however,the BAP level did not significantly differ between the two groups(2078.5±157.4 vs 2029.0±186.4μmol/L).The oxidase stress index(d-ROMs/BAP×100)was significantly higher in the POI group than in the control group(23.7±3.3 vs 16.5±2.1;P<0.001).CONCLUSION Oxidative stress was significantly greater in the POI group than in the control group,suggesting oxidative stress as a factor that can serve as a POI biomarker.

Protective Effects of Mongolian Medicine Borantunggal on Rats with Chronic Renal Insufficiency

[Objectives]To observe the protective effects of Mongolian medicine Borantunggal on rats with chronic renal insufficiency.[Methods]Male Wister rats were gavaged with 50 mg/kg/d adenine for 12 consecutive weeks,and were intervened with positive control drug Niaoduqing and three groups of different doses of Mongolian medicine Borantunggal.The rats general state,such as body posture,hair color,activity status,renal function,thyroid gland,adrenal gland,and gonadal hormone levels,expression levels of inflammatory mediators,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and nuclear factor-κB(P65)in renal tissue,and histopathological changes of rat kidney were observed before and after treatment.[Results]The recovery of the general state of rats with chronic renal insufficiency in the low dose group after intervention with Mongolian medicine Borantunggal was the most obvious.Compared with the model group,the level of CRE in the low dose Mongolian medicine group decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the normal group,the 24-h urinary protein in the low dose Mongolian medicine group had a declining trend,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The urea level in low,medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups showed a declining trend,and the effect of low dose Mongolian medicine was better.Compared with the model group,the feed intake of the low dose Mongolian medicine group had an increasing trend,while P and TCHO also had a declining trend.Compared with the model group,the levels of LH and COR in the low,medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups decreased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of T,T3 and T4 were significantly increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the effect of low dose Mongolian medicine was better.Compared with the model group,the levels of IL-6,TNF-αand HIF-1 in the low,medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups were significantly reduced,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of TGF-β1 and Ang II in the low dose Mongolian medicine group were significantly reduced,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of TGF-β1 in the medium and high dose Mongolian medicine groups decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of NF-κB P65 andα-SMA proteins in the low dose Mongolian medicine group showed a declining trend,which was better than Niaoduqing.[Conclusions]Mongolian medicine Borantunggal has significant protective and preventive effects on rats with adenine-induced chronic renal insufficiency.In particular,the dose of 0.31 kg/d had the most significant protective effect.Its action mechanism may be related to regulating hormone levels in the body,improving renal function,reducing renal inflammatory response,reducing the"three highs"in the kidney,and inhibiting renal tubular epithelial cell-to-mesenchymal transition and deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM).

因宫颈机能不全行孕期经阴道宫颈环扎术孕妇妊娠结局影响因素分析

目的:探讨因宫颈机能不全行孕期经阴道宫颈环扎术(TVC)的孕妇妊娠结局的影响因素。方法:选择2016年1月至2022年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的328例因宫颈机能不全行孕期TVC的孕妇,以分娩孕周≥28周且新生儿存活为成功标准,260例成功,68例失败。采用Logistic回归分析筛选TVC妊娠结局的影响因素。结果:Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、既往孕中期自然流产和(或)早产次数、辅助生殖助孕史、术后并发症是TVC孕妇妊娠结局的影响因素,OR(95%CI)分别为1.110(1.040~1.185)、1.519(1.027~2.248)、0.436(0.214~0.891)和4.711(1.544~14.372)。结论:年龄、既往孕中期自然流产和(或)早产次数、辅助生殖助孕史、术后并发症是单胎孕期TVC疗效的影响因素。

司美格鲁肽对2型糖尿病伴慢性心力衰竭合并肾功能不全患者的疗效与安全性观察研究

目的 探索司美格鲁肽对2型糖尿病伴慢性心力衰竭(CHF)合并肾功能不全患者的临床效果及安全性。方法 选取2022年1月-2022年9月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院就诊的71例2型糖尿病合并CHF及肾功能不全的患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方案随机分为对照组(胰岛素治疗,35例)与治疗组(胰岛素联合司美格鲁肽治疗,36例)。比较2组治疗的临床疗效与安全性。结果 治疗3个月后,治疗组HbA1c达标有效率为72.2%,显著高于对照组的有效率(31.4%)(P <0.05)。治疗后治疗组的体质量、FBG、HbA1c和TG均出现明显下降并显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。与对照组比较,联合应用司美格鲁肽治疗后出现LVEF升高、BNP降低、UACR和尿α1MG下降,差异具有显著统计学意义(P <0.05)。但2组的不良反应无明显区别(P> 0.05)。结论 司美格鲁肽对2型糖尿病伴CHF合并肾功能不全患者具有良好的血糖控制效果,可显著改善心功能,减少肾脏病病情进展,临床应用安全性较高。

新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)流行期间妊娠期肝生化指标异常情况分析

目的分析比较新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)流行期和非COVID-19流行期孕妇的肝生化指标异常情况。方法回顾性分析2017年10月—2022年3月北京大学第一医院产科出院的肝生化指标ALT、AST、GGT、TBil、总胆汁酸中至少一项异常的孕妇共539例次。按照COVID-19流行期和非流行期两组分析患者的病因、凝血指标、转氨酶、胆汁酸、肾功能。计量资料两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料两组间比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果非COVID-19流行期产科出院患者中262例次肝生化指标异常,占同期产科出院患者的1.46%,COVID-19流行期为277例次,占比1.73%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.947,P=0.047)。两个时期肝生化指标异常患者病因分析提示,四种妊娠期特有肝病(妊娠剧吐、子痫前期和子痫、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、妊娠期急性脂肪肝)的比例,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。COVID-19流行期的妊娠肝生化指标异常的患者中肌酐及估算的肾小球滤过率均正常的比例与非COVID-19流行期相比无统计学意义(86.78%vs 87.90%,χ^(2)=0.141,P=0.708)。COVID-19流行期和非流行期ALT达到正常值上限5倍以上的比例分别为7.94%和9.54%(χ^(2)=0.433,P=0.511);重度胆汁淤积(总胆汁酸>40μmol/L)的比例分别为7.75%和9.27%(χ^(2)=0.392,P=0.531),差异均无统计学意义。COVID-19流行期产科出血的比例较非流行期明显下降,分别为14.61%和24.19%(χ^(2)=489.334,P<0.001)。结论COVID-19流行期妊娠期肝生化指标异常的患者中,妊娠期特有肝病的比例较非流行期无差别。COVID-19流行期这些患者中肌酐及估算的肾小球滤过率均正常的比例无变化。

基于6种机器学习算法的早发性卵巢功能不全影响因素分析

目的:通过机器学习算法对早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)的影响因素进行特征排序,找出对POI影响较大的因素。方法:先制定纳入和剔除标准,选取因月经不调就诊的500例患者,根据中医证型进行年龄和职业差异性分析。再通过逻辑回归、支持向量机、决策树、随机森林、极端梯度提升和K-最近邻6种机器学习算法对患者进行POI预测分类,根据算法求得的马修斯相关系数和AUC进行预测精准度比较。通过随机森林中的准确度和基尼不纯度下降对POI影响因素进行特征排序,结合逐步剔除法得到对POI影响程度排序前五的特征因素。结果:随机森林的算法在马修斯相关系数、准确率和AUC中均获得了最大值,分别为0.399、0.717和0.908。POI的影响因素有子宫或盆腔手术史、受教育程度、年龄、减肥史和吸烟史,这些因素的Borda计数得分依次为手术史(2.446)、受教育程度(2.924)、年龄(4.060)、减肥史(5.303)、吸烟史(6.429)。结论:随机森林的性能在预测POI患者中优于其他5种算法,当患者的数据信息不足时,医生可先通过这5个特征因素的指标对月经不调患者进行初步干预。

新冠疫情前后重症肺炎合并急性呼吸衰竭患儿的临床特点与病原学分析

目的探讨苏州地区新冠疫情前后急性重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭(sever pneumonia complicated with acute respiratory failure,SP-ARF)患儿的临床特点与病原学分析结果。方法本研究回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年12月所有入住苏州大学附属儿童医院SP-ARF患儿病历资料,根据疫情发生时间分为疫情前组(2018年1月至2019年12月)与疫情后组(2020年1月至2021年12月)2组,比较2组临床资料及病原学结果等。结果疫情前组141例,疫情后组127例,疫情后组月龄较大(P<0.05),合并基础疾病比例更高(P<0.05),疫情前后每年10-12月均是SP-ARF高发时段。疫情前病原学总检出116例,阳性率为82.27%,检出前4位依次为革兰阴性菌(36.88%)、革兰阳性菌(26.95%)、病毒(26.95%),肺炎支原体(9.22%);疫情后病原学总检出109例,阳性率为85.83%,检出前4位依次革兰阴性菌(37.80%)、病毒(28.35%)、革兰阳性菌(22.83%),肺炎支原体(9.45%)。结论疫情后无基础疾病的儿童进展为SP-ARF发生比例减少,无论疫情前后,每年10-12月均是SP-ARF高发时段,且两组患儿的病原体均以细菌为主,革兰阴性菌占比最高。

初次和重复献血不足量特征及原因分析

目的:分析初次和重复不足量献血者的人群特征和相关影响因素,为进一步降低献血不足量的发生率提供依据。方法:回顾性调查2020年1月1日—2021年12月31日某市全血不足量献血者的献血资料,统计不足量献血者相关数据,比较初次和重复献血者不足量的原因。结果:本站全血献血者不足量发生率为1.03%,初次献血者发生率为1.52%,高于重复献血者0.59%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=363.69,P<0.05);在初次献血者中年龄18~25岁不足量发生率为2.40%高于其他年龄组的1.22%、0.94%、0.89%、0,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=222.786,P<0.05);体重≤55 kg的发生率为1.89%高于体重>55 kg的发生率为1.40%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=24.291,P<0.05);高校和集体献血不足量发生率最高,分别为2.81%和1.61%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=176.890、12.693,P<0.05);目标献血量400 mL发生率为1.84%高于300 mL发生率为1.41%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.916,P<0.05);初次与重复献血者发生不足量的原因由高到低排列顺序是一致的,主要原因是精神紧张和血流不畅,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=107.916、48.822,P<0.05)。结论:初次和重复献血者发生不足量的主要原因是精神紧张,重点关注初次献血者中年龄18~25岁、体重≤55 kg、目标血量400 mL的高校群体,应采取针对性预防措施,预防献血不足量的发生,减少血液报废和保障献血者安全。

食管癌术后肾上腺危象1例并文献复习

目的:探讨肾上腺危象(AC)的临床特征及诊疗要点,减少临床工作中的漏诊、误诊、误治。方法:回顾性分析1例食管癌术后合并AC的临床资料,总结AC的临床诊治经过。结果:患者为49岁男性,因食管癌术后3周出现发热入院,存在吻合口瘘,给予多种抗菌药物长时间抗感染治疗效果不佳,即使瘘口愈合后仍间断高热、血压下降。患者偶用激素退热治疗后效果较好,但减量停用后患者逐渐乏力、卧床。查增强计算机断层扫描(CT)未见肿瘤复发,皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)明显偏低,结合术前曾应用程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)抑制剂,明确诊断为免疫治疗相关垂体炎,进而导致了AC,补充醋酸泼尼松片后好转出院。结论:AC是一种危急的内科急症,临床表现缺乏特异性,极容易漏诊、误诊、误治,临床医生应加强对本病的认识,从而达到早期诊断并能及时给予糖皮质激素治疗的目的。

温肾汤治疗慢性肾功能不全脾肾阳虚证的临床疗效及对肾脏纤维化的影响

目的:探究温肾汤治疗慢性肾功能不全脾肾阳虚证的效果及其对肾脏纤维化的影响。方法:选择符合纳入标准的慢性肾功能不全脾肾阳虚证患者96例,依据随机数字表随机分为对照组和观察组。对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上口服温肾汤治疗,2周为1个疗程,两组均治疗2个疗程。比较治疗前后两组患者中医症状评分(畏寒肢冷、面浮肢肿、神疲乏力、食少纳呆、腰膝畏寒和脘腹胀痛)、肾功能相关损伤指标(24 h Pro、BUN、Ccr和GFR)及肾纤维化相关指标(CTGF、CIV、PCⅢ和BMP-7)变化情况及临床疗效。结果:对照组临床总有效率为77.1%(37/48),观察组临床总有效率为91.7%(44/48),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者畏寒肢冷、面浮肢肿、神疲乏力、食少纳呆、腰膝畏寒和脘腹胀痛的中医症状评分均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者24 h Pro、BUN水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),Ccr、GFR水平显著升高(P<0.05),且观察组改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者CTGF、CIV及PCⅢ水平较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),BMP-7水平明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:温肾汤可以有效改善慢性肾功能不全脾肾阳虚证患者的肾功能,降低蛋白尿,显著抑制肾脏纤维化。

一种改良式氧气呼吸器在Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果

目的探讨一种改良式氧气呼吸器在Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年10月至2023年11月在入住山西医科大学第二医院Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者的临床资料,按照吸氧面罩的不同种类分为对照组和观察组共88例,对照组48例使用抗生素+普通面罩吸氧治疗,观察组40例使用抗生素+改良式氧气呼吸器治疗。比较2组患者脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))下降发生率、饮水呛咳发生率、腹胀发生率、患者满意度得分情况。结果2组患者SpO_(2)下降发生率和饮水呛咳发生率分别为21%、15%,差异均有统计学意义;与对照组相比,观察组患者满意度得分有所提升,为2.9分,差异有统计学意义;腹胀发生率降低了4%,差异无统计学意义。结论Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者应用改良式氧气呼吸器可降低因暂停吸氧造成的SpO_(2)下降发生率、饮水呛咳发生率,有助于提高患者满意度,患者获益大,可在临床广泛应用。

南昌地区高校大学生无偿献血情况与脂肪血和采血不足量情况分析

目的 了解南昌地区高校大学生无偿献血情况及脂肪血、采血不足量导致的血液报废情况,为大学生人群血液质量评估、健康宣教,完善低危献血者招募策略提供数据支持。方法 通过血站管理信息系统统计2019-2022年南昌地区高校大学生献血人次在总献血人次中占比、脂肪血产生人次、采血不足量发生人次。结果 2019-2022年南昌地区大学生献血人次在总献血人次中占53.63%;大学生献血人群脂肪血发生率(2.14%)低于社会其他献血人群(6.29%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);大学生献血人群采血不足量发生率(0.79%)高于社会其他献血人群(0.34%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性大学生献血人群脂肪血发生率(2.81%)高于女性(1.11%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);女性大学生献血人群采血不足量发生率(0.96%)高于男性(0.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 高校大学生是南昌地区无偿献血主力军,应进一步加强大学生群体献血知识健康宣教及献血前健康征询力度,最大程度减少脂肪血和采血不足量导致的血液报废,保障血液质量。