KGmax Curves Associated With Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria for Different Types of Ships

Currently, second generation intact stability criteria are being developed and evaluated by the International Maritime Organization(IMO). In this paper, we briefly present levels 1 and 2 assessment methods for the criteria of pure loss of stability and parametric roll failure modes. Subsequently, we show the KG_(max) curves associated with these criteria. We compute these curves for five different types of ships and compare them with the curves embodied in the current regulations. The results show that the safety margin ensured by the first level-1 method of calculation for both pure loss of stability and parametric roll seems to be excessive in many cases. They also show that the KG_(max) given by the second level-1 method and by the level-2 method may be very similar. In some cases, the level-2 method can be more conservative than the second level-1 method, which is unanticipated by the future regulation. The KG_(max) curves associated with parametric roll confirm that the C11 container ship is vulnerable to this failure mode. The computation of the second check coefficient of parametric roll level 2(C2) for all possible values of KG reveals the existence of both authorized and restricted areas on the surface formed by both the draft and KG, which may replace the classical KG_(max) curves. In consequence, it is not sufficient to check that C2 is lower than the maximum authorized value(R_(PR0)) for a fixed ship's loading condition.

Stability of a tumblehome hull under the dead ship condition

Some methods for direct stability assessment under the dead ship condition were currently developed by the international maritime organization （IMO） under the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria. Model tests and simulations are carried out to validate the numerical methods used in assessing the stability under the dead ship condition. This is done in three stages. Firstly, the uncoupled roll mathematical model （1 DOF） is adopted to calculate the roll motion based on the irregular beam waves and the steady wind. Secondly, a drift free experiment is conducted to measure the roll motion under irregular beam waves with zero speed, and then two restrained experiments with counter weights and four springs are performed under the same condition. Finally, the effects of the drift and sway motions on stability under the dead ship condition are then verified by experimental results, and the results of the numerical methods are compared to the results of the model experiments. It is concluded that more accurate numerical methods could be developed for assessing the direct stability under the dead ship condition.

The influence of wave surge force on surf-riding/broaching vulnerability criteria check

This study focuses on the influence of the wave surge force on the assessments of the surf-riding/broaching vulnerability criteria according to the new proposal of the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria. A code is developed for the criteria check and the sample ship calculations show that the accuracy of the wave surge force estimation has a significant influence on the assessment result. For further investigation, the wave surge force measurement through a captive model test is made for a purse seiner to validate the numerical model, the effects of the wave steepness and the ship forward speed on the wave surge force responses are also discussed. It is demonstrated that the diffraction effect is important for the correct estimation of the wave surge force. Therefore, it is recommended to include this effect in the assessment procedure.

Study of parametric roll in oblique waves using a three-dimensional hybrid panel method

A reliable numerical tool for the prediction of the parametric roll is important in the development of the second generation intact stability criteria.The main difficulty of the prediction of the parametric roll comes from the significant coupling of the roll with other motions,especially the heave and pitch motions.In this paper,the numerical method for determining the parametric roll is studied and the results are benchmarked against the model test data.Firstly,a 3 degrees-of-freedom(DOF)time domain hybrid panel method is validated by experimental data in regular oblique waves and irregular head waves.Secondly,the verified 3D O F method is extended to a fully coupled 6 DOF method with the course control.Finally,taking the C11 containership as the test case,the parametric roll in oblique waves is computed,and the effects of the surge,sway and yaw motions on the parametric roll are evaluated with the developed mathematical models.The results show that the effects of the surge and sway motions on the parametric roll is insignificant,while the effects of the yaw motion are more notable.The results of the roll amplitudes and the standard deviation of the roll angles show that the model based on 3 DOF gives relatively conservative results,and can be directly used for the stability assessment of the parametric roll.