Integrated environmental assessment: an urban perspective

A broadening of the strategic approach to environmental issues coupled with changes in the mechanisms of environmental governance and management has generated demands for new kinds of environmental knowledge and for new ways of using it. In particular there is now a strong demand for information about the environment to be linked to information about the impacts of human activities so that the unsustainable aspects of economic development can be anticipated and controlled. The scope of environmental assessment has enlarged to provide information that will help a wide range of stakeholders, including business and publics to make decisions, choosing between alternatives on the basis of sound environmental information set in a social and economic context. This paper provides a discussion of these developments and illustrates how integrated environmental assessment of a specific urban environmental problem, the reduction of health impacts of air borne particles, can deliver broad strategic information for participants in the solution.

Multi-agent-based Approach for Determination of Time-quota in Integrated Environment

Time-quota is one of important factors in producti on system. It is affected by various factors. time-quota is studied in CAPP and p roduction schedule integration environment in this paper. An agent-based time- quota method is put forward and the structure model is established by means of i ntelligent agent in integrated environment. The method can map the influencing t ime-quota factors into part agent related to process state and machine method a gent, resorting to the function of agent rule-based reasoning, the agents can t ransform these factors into data mode that artificial neural network (ANN) can a ccept and recognize. As a tool, ANN agent can calculate time-quota quickly. A b lackboard method is used as the means of communication and collaborative control between agents. The experiments show that precise process time-quota can be obtained rapidly with proper samples selected, continuous self-study and self -organization in system, and multi-agent approach is an effective method for d etermination of time-quota.

Integrated bioremediation techniques in a shrimp farming environment under controlled conditions

This study investigated the integrated bioremediation techniques for a shrimp culture system to reduce unconsumed feed and the contents of suspended solids（SS）, nutrients and organic pollutants using barracuda,clamworm, scallop, large algae and a biofilter. A multi-pool internal circulation system was designed to test the effectiveness of the techniques in the laboratory. The experimental result has shown that Argopecten irradians,Gracilaria lemaneiformis and the biofilter efficiently reduced the contents of SS, dissolved inorganic carbon（DIC）and dissolved organic carbon（DOC） in the breeding wastewater. The amount of unconsumed feed was significantly reduced by barracuda and clamworm, but there was an increase in the contents of SS, DIC and DOC in the water due to disturbance by the barracuda and clamworm. The capacity of macroalgae to extract inorganic nitrogen was insufficient. However, the balance of the nitrogen fixation rate of macroalgae and the biological exhaust nitrogen rate within the system should be fully considered. The use of the biofilter alone was not optimal for the remediation of organic matter in shrimp effluent so that auxiliary foam separation technology is needed to improve the ability of the system to remove macromolecules. This study provides a basis for the further development of remediation techniques to reduce the environmental impact of shrimp aquaculture.

Integrated Assessment of Mineral Resources and Environmentin Mid-South of Shandong Province

On the bases of the field survey and a large number of testing data, we process the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the mine environment in the mid south of Shandong Province using the following grade Ⅰ factors:the surface subsidence in mining area, the three wastes of mine industries, the pollution sources, the surface water pollution, the underground water pollution and the air pollution. By means of emitting factor judgment and water quality indexes, we locate pollution sources, main pollutants, pollution type and pollution grade in the study area. Using the MAPGIS, we draw a zonality map of the mine environment. This paper attempts to offer a concrete example, including valuable assessment method, data and conclusion, for the assessment of mine environment from the integrated assessment of mineral resources and mine environment. This research is oriented towards the sustainable development and the ecological environment optimization.

Real Time Speech Based Integrated Development Environment for C Program

This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C program. This paper proposes a technique to facilitate the visually impaired people or the person with arm injuries with excellent programming skills that can code the C program through voice input. The proposed system accepts the C program as voice input and produces compiled C program as output. The user should utter each line of the C program through voice input. First the voice input is recognized as text. The recognized text will be converted into C program by using syntactic constructs of the C language. After conversion, C program will be fetched as input to the IDE. Furthermore, the IDE commands like open, save, close, compile, run are also given through voice input only. If any error occurs during the compilation process, the error is corrected through voice input only. The errors can be corrected by specifying the line number through voice input. Performance of the speech recognition system is analyzed by varying the vocabulary size as well as number of mixture components in HMM.

CONSTRUCTION OF INTEGRATED CAD TOOLS ENVIRONMENT TO SUPPORT CONCURRENT COLLABORATIVE DESIGN

A CAD tools environment is described to support concurrent collaborative design. The environment has four components: shared design representation, design process control, CAD tools, designer interface. Some related issues for the construction, such as form feature handling, constraint satisfaction, design process control, STEP based information integration, are discussed in more detail.

A human－ecology approach to environmental design──An integrative human－ecology design derived from Chinese agricultural cultur eexperiences

Based on fundamental principles of ecology ,the ecological philosophy connotation of Feng-Shui(Wind and Water) concept from experiences of Chinese agricultural culture was first discussed , and then hu-man-ecological implications of Feng-Shui environment architecture is analyzed. As a theoretical integrationbetween human ecology and Feng-Shui theory ,“environment” and “environmental design” concepts were re-examined and given new definitions. With holistic principles of human ecological design in the context ofFeng-Shui , essential technical ways of integrative human ecological design were explored in the presentationof a case study of an urban environmental design in east China.

Nano-Electronic Simulation Software (NESS): A Novel Open-Source TCAD Simulation Environment

This paper presents the latest status of the open source advanced TCAD simulator called Nano-Electronic Simulation Software(NESS)which is currently under development at the Device Modeling Group of the University of Glasgow.NESS is designed with the main aim to provide an open,flexible,and easy to use simulation environment where users are able not only to perform numerical simulations but also to develop and implement new simulation methods and models.Currently,NESS is organized into two main components:the structure generator and a collection of different numerical solvers;which are linked to supporting components such as an effective mass extractor and materials database.This paper gives a brief overview of each of the components by describing their main capabilities,structure,and theory behind each one of them.Moreover,to illustrate the capabilities of each component,here we have given examples considering various device structures,architectures,materials,etc.at multiple simulation conditions.We expect that NESS will prove to be a great tool for both conventional as well as exploratory device research programs and projects.

Simulation Operating System and Integrated Simulation Software

In this paper, a new concept of simulation operating system (SIMOS) is described. A detailed definition of SIMOS is given, and two integrated simulation software (IPSOS and IMSS) are introduced based on SIMOS.

Monitoring and simulation of water,heat,and CO_2 fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems based on the APEIS-FLUX system

The Integrated Environmental Monitoring (IEM) project, part of the Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy (APEIS) project, developed an integrated environmental monitoring system that can be used to detect, monitor, and assess environmental disasters, degradation, and their impacts in the Asia-Pacific region. The system primarily employs data from the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS) sensor on the Earth Observation System-(EOS-) Terra/Aqua satellite, as well as those from ground observations at five sites in different ecological systems in China. From the preliminary data analysis on both annual and daily variations of water, heat and CO2 fluxes, we can confirm that this system basically has been working well. The results show that both latent flux and CO2 flux are much greater in the crop field than those in the grassland and the saline desert, whereas the sensible heat flux shows the opposite trend. Different data products from MODIS have very different correspondence, e.g. MODIS-derived land surface temperature has a close correlation with measured ones, but LAI and NPP are quite different from ground measurements, which suggests that the algorithms used to process MODIS data need to be revised by using the local dataset. We are now using the APEIS-FLUX data to develop an integrated model, which can simulate the regional water, heat, and carbon fluxes. Finally, we are expected to use this model to develop more precise high-order MODIS products in Asia-Pacific region.

Design and Simulation of Ring Network-on-Chip for Different Configured Nodes

The network-on-chip(NoC)technology is frequently referred to as a front-end solution to a back-end problem.The physical substructure that transfers data on the chip and ensures the quality of service begins to collapse when the size of semiconductor transistor dimensions shrinks and growing numbers of intellectual property(IP)blocks working together are integrated into a chip.The system on chip(SoC)architecture of today is so complex that not utilizing the crossbar and traditional hierarchical bus architecture.NoC connectivity reduces the amount of hardware required for routing and functions,allowing SoCs with NoC interconnect fabrics to operate at higher frequencies.Ring(Octagons)is a direct NoC that is specifically used to solve the scalability problem by expanding each node in the shape of an octagon.This paper discusses the ring NoC design concept and its simulation in Xilinx ISE 14.7,as well as the communication of functional nodes.For the field-programmable gate array(FPGA)synthesis,the performance of NoC is evaluated in terms of hardware and timing parameters.The design allows 64 to 256 node communication in a single chip with‘N’bit data transfer in the ring NoC.The performance of the NoC is evaluated with variable nodes from 2 to 256 in Digilent manufactured Virtex-5 FPGA hardware.

HIT-SEDAES: An integrated software environment for simulation experiment design, analysis and evaluation

Simulation is a powerful technique in evaluating and improving the performance of complex systems.In order to improve the efficiency of simulation experiment design,analysis and evaluation,auxiliary tools are required.Unfortunately,existing tools are usually not meeting the requirements of simulation.Moreover,the restricted interfaces,reusability and expandability influence their efficiency to a certain extent.In this paper,an integrated software environment,HIT-SEDAES,is designed for solving these problems.A process model of simulation experiment design,analysis and evaluation is introduced to guide the development of the software environment.And several solutions are proposed to solve key problems in this development.Finally,an application is used to illustrate how the software environment works for the problems of model validation,effectiveness evaluation and performance analysis.

Preparing Mathematical Equations in a Document Preparation Environment

WITS-Math is a mathematical equation formatting tool in WITS, a multilingual document preparation environment. WITS-Math includes a library manager and an equation formatter. The main task of WITS-Math is to format diversities of mathematical equations and organize them into an equation library used by other tools in the WITS environment.WITS-Math is a direct manipulation mathematics editor. It uses syntax directed markup language as the internal representation, alld provides an interactive WYSIWYG interface for users to format equations. WITS-Math provides an equation access mechanism. Other tools can access equations in a library by cross-reference from a source file or through data exchange without knowillg the structure of equation libraries. The common data structure and the rendering object in the WITS platform ensure that the formatted equations can be directly used by other tools.

We are integrating with the world-Journal of Environmental Sciences Journey of twenty five years

1 Initial construction of JESTwenty years ago, research on environmental science was extended beyond its initial scope including pollution source surveys, environmental pollution monitoring, and treatment of the ＂three wastes＂ （waste water, waste gas, and solid waste） to a full concern with the behavior, tendencies and harmful effects of pollutants in the environment as well as the overall understanding of the ecosystem. Environmental scientists came to realize that the solutions to environmental problems and their fields of study could no longer be restricted to a particular region or country, but needed exchanges with foreign scholars and transnational cooperation between scientists. However, at that time,

CCD:An Integrated C Coding and Debugging Tool

CCD is an integrated software tool which is intended to support the coding and debugging for C language. It integrates a hybrid editor,an incremental semantic analyzer,a multi-entry parser,an incremental unpaser and a source-level debugger into a single tool.The integration is realized by sharing common knowledge,among all the components of the system and by task-oriented comhination of the components.Nonlocal attribute grammar is adopted for specifying the common knowledge about the syntax and semantics of C language.The incremental attri bute evaluation is used to implement the semantic analyzer and the unparser to increase system efficiency.CCD keeps the preprocessors and comments most regular to make it practical.