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Study on Liquid Special Fertilizer for Drip Irrigation of Sugarcane and Its Irrigation Mode in Guangxi Lateritic Red Soil Region
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作者 邢颖 江泽普 +6 位作者 谭裕模 廖青 杨绍锷 陈桂芬 梁潘霞 杨锋 蒙世协 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第8期1728-1731,1762,共5页
[Objective] Liquid special fertilizer for drip irrigation of sugarcane was de- veloped and the fertilizer patterns were explored in the production to provide techni- cal support for fertigation production of modern ag... [Objective] Liquid special fertilizer for drip irrigation of sugarcane was de- veloped and the fertilizer patterns were explored in the production to provide techni- cal support for fertigation production of modern agriculture. [Method] ROC22 was selected as experimental material, two formulas of liquid special fertilizer for sugar- cane developed by the cooperation between Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sci- ences and New Orientation (Guangxi) Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd. were selected, namely, balanced 21-21-21 ~ TE of Xinfangxiang and hyperkalemic 13-6-39-TE of Xinfangxiang. Taking conventional fertilization as the control (CK), two modes of ap- plying base fertilizer at the earlier stage + fertigation in the tillering stage and ferti- gation in the whole growth period were set. [Result] The two modes of fertilization had not significant effects on the emergence of sugarcane, but applying base fertil- izer at the earlier stage + timely applying water soluble fertilizer in the tillering stage was conducive to the tillering of sugarcane. Harvest results showed that the effects of different treatments on plant height and yield were significant, in which the yield of sugarcane under the treatment of hyperkalemic water-soluble fertilizer increased by 13.04% compared with conventional treatment, and the income increased by 4 500 yuan/hm2, [Conclusion] Liquid special fertilizer for drip irrigation of sugarcane signifi- cantly promoted the growth of sugarcane, moreover, under the same condition, the effect of hyperkalemic water-soluble fertilizer was better. 展开更多
关键词 Lateritic red soil SUGARCANE drip irrigation Liquid special fertilizer
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Effects of drip irrigation modes on growth and physiological characteristics of Arabica coffee under different N levels 被引量:3
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作者 HAO Kun LIU Xiaogang +4 位作者 HAN Zhihui WU Helin YU Ning LIU Yanwei YANG Qiliang 《排灌机械工程学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2017年第10期912-920,共9页
The objective of this study was to obtain the water-saving and efficient production mode of Arabica coffee. The effects of three drip irrigation modes,conventional drip irrigation( CDI),alternate drip irrigation( ADI)... The objective of this study was to obtain the water-saving and efficient production mode of Arabica coffee. The effects of three drip irrigation modes,conventional drip irrigation( CDI),alternate drip irrigation( ADI) and fixed drip irrigation( FDI) on growth,photosynthetic characteristics,biomass accumulation and irrigation water use efficiency of Arabica coffee were investigated under three nitrogen levels,high nitrogen( NH),middle nitrogen( NM) and low nitrogen( NL). The results show that there was a significant Logistic curve between the plant height,the stem diameter of Arabica coffee and growth days. Compared with CDI,ADI had no significant effects on leaf net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,instantaneous water use efficiency and biomass accumulation above ground of Arabica coffee,while FDI decreased significantly,ADI and FDI increased irrigation water use efficiency by 50. 59% and 32. 85%,respectively. Compared with NH,with the reduction of N application rate,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,biomass accumulation above ground and irrigation water use efficiency decreased by 6. 81%-12. 30%,13. 70%-22. 69%,9. 61%-16. 67% and 9. 78%-15. 64%,respectively. Compared with CDINH,ADINHdecreased net photosynthesis rate and the stomatal conductance not significantly,other treatments decreased by 9. 16%-19. 22%,14. 49%-32. 91%,and decreased biomass accumulation above ground by 8. 26%-27. 34% except ADINH,and increased irrigation water use efficiency by 16. 46%-60. 95% except CDINMand CDINL. Therefore,alternate drip irrigation under high N level( ADINH) is the best water and nitrogen coupling mode of young Arabica coffee tree for water efficiency. 展开更多
关键词 Arabica coffee drip irrigation modes nitrogen fertilizer photosynthetic characteristics biomass accumulation irrigation water use efficiency
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Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Fertilizers on Nutrient Levels in Celery and Soil under Drip Irrigation
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作者 Jun YANG Xiaojuan LIAN +2 位作者 Yan WANG Yuliang ZHANG Zhengxiang WANG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2017年第2期34-40,44,共8页
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilizers on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 'absorption and distribution by celeo, and the changes of soil nutrients in the 0 -40 cm soil layer u... This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilizers on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 'absorption and distribution by celeo, and the changes of soil nutrients in the 0 -40 cm soil layer under drip irrigation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for nutrient management of greenhouse celery culti- vation and special fertilizer development. With celery as an experiment material and the ratio of conventional fertilization as control treatment, the effects of different ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on nutrient absorption by celery and changes of soil nutrients were investigated by plot experiment in greenhouse. The results showed that the contents and distribution proportions of N and P in leaf were higher than those in stem, while for K, the content and distribution proportion were higher in stem than in leaf. The absorption amount of K was the highest in celery, followed by N, and the absorption amount of P element was the least. The mean ratio of N, P and K in celery was 1:0.556: 1.609. There were evident dynamic changes in contents of soil available nutrients in the 0 -20 cm soil layer in various growth stages of celery under different drip irrigation fertilizers. The contents of soil available nutrients were higher on the 28'h , 47~ and 83'h d "after fieht planting, while those before field planting and after harvest were lower. So the amounts of soil available nutrients were closely related to the growth stage of celery. In the whole growth period of celery, the mean input amounts of N, P205 and K20 were 805, 1 049 and 916 kg/hm2 , respectively, but the absorption amounts of nutrients by celery were far less than inputs, and the amounts of N, P205 and K20 absorbed by celery" were only 23% -26% , 10% and 31% -35% of the appli- cation amounts, respectively. The apparent balance of N, P2 O5 and Kz O were 613,943 and 609 kg/hm2 , respectively, indicating excess fertilization in this experi- ment. Under this experiment condition, Tj ( N: PzOs: K20 = 1 : 0.63: 1.08) favored increase of celery yield and absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and petassium by celery. The results will provide a scientific basis for study and utilization of special fertilizer for drip irrigation on celery. Key words Drip irrigation; Fertilizer for drip irrigation; Celery; Soil nutrient; Apparent balance 展开更多
关键词 drip irrigation Fertilizer for drip irrigation CELERY Soil nutrient Apparent balance
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Effect of Irrigation and Fertilization on Population Structure and Yield of Wheat
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作者 Minmin SHAO Leiming SUN +6 位作者 Xingke XU Kai ZHAO Ling HUANG Weiying FENG Jifeng WANG Lu YAN Lin WANG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2020年第2期21-24,共4页
[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population structure and yield of wheat.[Methods]With Shannong 29 as an experimental material,the effects of irrigati... [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population structure and yield of wheat.[Methods]With Shannong 29 as an experimental material,the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population,dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat were studied.[Results]Integrated water-saving irrigation and fertilization of ridged field was the best with the highest population,dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for high-yield and high-efficiency wheat production with saved water and fertilizers. 展开更多
关键词 irrigation fertilization WHEAT integration of water and FERTILIZER YIELD
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Green High-yield and High-efficiency Cultivation Techniques of Integrated Management of Water and Fertilizer for Maize under Mulch Drip Irrigation
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作者 Guangbin YANG 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2023年第3期22-26,共5页
The green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of integrated management of water and fertilizer for maize under mulch drip irrigation are described from the aspects of high yield target of maize and i... The green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of integrated management of water and fertilizer for maize under mulch drip irrigation are described from the aspects of high yield target of maize and its component factor indexes,pre-sowing preparation,sowing,post-sowing management,field management at the seedling stage,integrated management of water and fertilizer for target yield of maize,rational application of micro-fertilizer,comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests,timely harvest,etc.,in order to provide a reference for agricultural technicians,maize farmers and maize industry development in northern Xinjiang. 展开更多
关键词 Mulch drip irrigation MAIZE Integrated management of water and fertilizer Cultivation techniques
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Competitiveness and Profitability of Intercropping Sunflower with Peanut under Different Irrigation Water Levels and Potassium Fertilizer Rates
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作者 Samiha A. Ouda Yaser A. A. Hefny +1 位作者 Tamer I. Abdel-Wahab Sherif I. Abdel-Wahab 《Agricultural Sciences》 2018年第8期1007-1031,共25页
A two-year study was carried out at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Egypt during 2016 and 2017 summer seasons to evaluate competitive effects of intercropping sunflower and peanut under different drip irrigati... A two-year study was carried out at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Egypt during 2016 and 2017 summer seasons to evaluate competitive effects of intercropping sunflower and peanut under different drip irrigation water amounts and K fertilizer rates for increasing farmer profitability. Three irrigation amounts (70%, 100% and 120% ETo), three K fertilizer levels (57, 86 and 114 K2O kg/ha) and four intercropping patterns of sunflower and peanut (different spatial arrangements) were implemented. The experimental design was strip split plot with three replications. The results showed that there were no significant differences between 100% and 120% ETo on most of yield traits of the intercrops. The highest K fertilizer level had the highest values of most yield traits of the intercrops. The highest values of peanut and sunflower traits were obtained from intercropping sunflower with peanut, where peanut seeds were sown on both sides of all the raised beds, sunflower seeds were sown on one row above the raised beds and the following bed was left without intercropping (P1). Thus, to attain the highest yield of intercrops and water equivalent ratio (WER), the lowest competitive pressure and the highest farmer profitability, 120% ETo, 114 K2O kg/ha and P1 intercropping pattern should be implemented. This research found that the result of competitiveness was consistent with the result of profitability. 展开更多
关键词 drip irrigation K Fertilizer INTERCROPPING SUNFLOWER with PEANUT WER Competitive Relationships PRofITABILITY
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Different Fertilization Modes of Sugarcane in Latosolic Red Soil of Guangxi 被引量:1
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作者 Shixie MENG Xiaomin WANG +3 位作者 Guosheng HUANG Yanfei LU Pingxi HUANG Guoying LU 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2019年第4期77-79,83,共4页
[Objectives] This study aimed to compare the effects of water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation modes and traditional fertilization mode on growth,yield,production costs and economic benefit of sugarcane in latoso... [Objectives] This study aimed to compare the effects of water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation modes and traditional fertilization mode on growth,yield,production costs and economic benefit of sugarcane in latosolic red soil of Guangxi. [Methods]A field test was conducted. [Results] The agronomic traits and comprehensive economic benefit of sugarcane under the water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation modes were superior to those under the traditional fertilization mode. Among them,the comprehensive economic benefit of sugarcane with special granular fertilizer as the base fertilizer and water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation as topdressing were the highest,increased by 15 813 kg/ha,an increase of 15. 8%. Considering the cost input,the comprehensive economic benefit increased by 5 676 yuan/ha. [Conclusions]Taking the production cost,economic benefit and input-output ratio into account,it is recommended to promote the application of water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation mode in bases with water and fertilizer equipment conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Latosolic red soil fertilization mode Water-fertilizer integration drip irrigation
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基于数值分析法的水肥一体机设计研究
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作者 底慧萍 李喆时 《农机化研究》 北大核心 2025年第2期186-189,194,共5页
以进一步提升水肥一体机的智能性、数字性作业为目标,针对整机的灌施精准性要求展开设计。充分考虑水肥一体机的运用特点和结构组成,结合水肥的参数融合关系,建立用于水肥一体机准确控制作业的状态方程模型,设计以数值分析处理函数为核... 以进一步提升水肥一体机的智能性、数字性作业为目标,针对整机的灌施精准性要求展开设计。充分考虑水肥一体机的运用特点和结构组成,结合水肥的参数融合关系,建立用于水肥一体机准确控制作业的状态方程模型,设计以数值分析处理函数为核心的软件控制模块,搭建同步动作实施的硬件执行平台。展开多作物的灌施作业试验,结果表明:基于数值分析方法的水肥一体机系统架构设计合理,数值分析算法融入有效,整机试验的数值计算准确率可达98.00%以上;水肥混合均匀有度,整体管路灌施顺畅,灌施指令准确率可达99.00%以上,整机灌施效率较高,充分验证了数值分析方法应用的正确性与优越性,可以促进类似农机装备与高等数学多维度融合。 展开更多
关键词 水肥一体机 数值分析 状态方程 灌施指令准确率 多维度融合
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Effects of topdressing ratio and frequency on the dry matter, yield, and quality of tomato and celery under a small amount of continuous subsurface drip irrigation
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作者 Lingmiao Huang Peiling Yang +3 位作者 Haobo Cui Zhanghao Sun Shumei Ren Zhaocheng Wang 《International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering》 SCIE 2023年第3期273-284,共12页
Compared with conventional full irrigation,the existing water-saving irrigation method achieves the purpose of water saving by actively controlling soil moisture.High-frequency irrigation can make the ideal conditions... Compared with conventional full irrigation,the existing water-saving irrigation method achieves the purpose of water saving by actively controlling soil moisture.High-frequency irrigation can make the ideal conditions for soil water movement and root absorption of water and nutrients.This research used a plot experiment in a greenhouse and set up different fertilization amounts and frequencies during the growth stage to study the effects of small-amount and continuous subsurface drip irrigation on the dry matter,yield,and quality of tomato and celery.The results showed that the frequency of topdressing had a great influence on the dry matter accumulation of tomatoes,and the amount of topdressing had little effect on the fresh weight of the upper part of a tomato plant.The application of high-frequency fertilizer increased the dry matter accumulation in the underground part of the tomato.Under the premise given amount of total fertilization,the growth rate and yield of tomatoes were positively correlated with the amount of topdressing.The optimum fertilization frequency was 1 time during the first fruit stage,3 times for the second fruit stage,and 5 times for the third fruit stage,the yield during the fourth stage was increased with higher frequency,and the topdressing was started ahead of the fourth fruit stage when the diameter of fruit was 40 mm.The lower fertilization frequency during the early stage and higher fertilization frequency during the later stage can increase the yield of celery.The higher ratio of topdressing,the higher frequency during the early growth stage,and the lower frequency during the later stage can achieve the best quality of celery. 展开更多
关键词 fertilization frequency continuous subsurface drip irrigation topdressing fertilizer TOMATO CELERY
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露地辣椒生产固碳增活全程施肥方案
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作者 李若楠 王丽英 +5 位作者 史建硕 陈莉 李建芬 贾舟 蒋龙刚 李桃 《中国果菜》 2024年第7期74-80,共7页
河北露地辣椒种植历史悠久,但生产中粗放的养分管理,导致土壤有机质消耗,植株抗逆性差,连作障碍频发。本文基于露地辣椒生产固碳增活施肥技术,围绕肥料养分均衡减量、有机替代固碳增效、菌剂滴灌沃土增活3项核心内容,从肥料养分总量推... 河北露地辣椒种植历史悠久,但生产中粗放的养分管理,导致土壤有机质消耗,植株抗逆性差,连作障碍频发。本文基于露地辣椒生产固碳增活施肥技术,围绕肥料养分均衡减量、有机替代固碳增效、菌剂滴灌沃土增活3项核心内容,从肥料养分总量推荐、有机物料多源配施、滴灌肥水协同运筹等方面制定了河北露地辣椒生产固碳增活全程施肥解决方案,并对比四种固碳技术模式应用效果,发现基施多样化来源的有机物料朝天椒增产效果优于单一有机物料,优选牛粪堆肥+秸秆类生物炭模式或牛粪堆肥+玉米秸秆+秸秆类生物炭技术模式(秸秆还田条件),以助力传统辣椒产区耕地保护与土壤质量提升,促进种植户养分管理由盲目粗放向合理精准转变。 展开更多
关键词 露地辣椒 固碳增活 有机肥料 菌剂 滴灌
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滴灌不同浓度水溶肥对樱桃产量和品质的影响
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作者 翟立普 刘巍巍 +1 位作者 魏佳旭 高野 《辽宁农业职业技术学院学报》 2024年第5期21-24,共4页
以辽宁主栽的“美早”和“砂蜜豆”两个樱桃品种为试材,通过设置不同浓度大量元素水溶肥滴灌处理,探究不同施肥浓度对樱桃产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:800倍液滴灌施肥处理的效果最佳,两品种单果重分别为13.86 g、13.50 g,单株产量... 以辽宁主栽的“美早”和“砂蜜豆”两个樱桃品种为试材,通过设置不同浓度大量元素水溶肥滴灌处理,探究不同施肥浓度对樱桃产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:800倍液滴灌施肥处理的效果最佳,两品种单果重分别为13.86 g、13.50 g,单株产量分别为30.14 kg、29.44 kg,可溶性固形物含量分别为18.73%、18.68%,维生素C(Vc)含量分别为45.55 mg·kg^(-1)、44.90 mg·kg^(-1),酸度含量分别为0.80%和0.83%。 展开更多
关键词 滴灌 水溶肥 樱桃 产量 品质
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马铃薯节水灌溉技术研究进展
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作者 王昕 张立志 +1 位作者 赵跃 曾彭 《灌溉排水学报》 CAS CSCD 2024年第S01期147-152,共6页
马铃薯是我国第四大粮食作物,马铃薯高效生产对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。马铃薯需水量大,生育期间的降水量无法满足其正常水分需求,因此对灌溉水的依赖度高。然而,我国淡水资源短缺,马铃薯生产中存在灌溉水管理粗放、节水灌溉制... 马铃薯是我国第四大粮食作物,马铃薯高效生产对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。马铃薯需水量大,生育期间的降水量无法满足其正常水分需求,因此对灌溉水的依赖度高。然而,我国淡水资源短缺,马铃薯生产中存在灌溉水管理粗放、节水灌溉制度不合理、水分利用效率低等问题,亟需探索马铃薯节水高效灌溉技术体系。本文从需水规律、灌溉方式、灌溉制度等方面综述了马铃薯灌溉技术的研究现状和存在的问题,对我国马铃薯节水灌溉技术需要进一步研究的问题进行了展望,以期丰富马铃薯高效用水理论,为马铃薯稳定生产提供技术支撑。 展开更多
关键词 马铃薯 水肥一体化 需水规律 灌溉制度 灌水技术
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京郊山区果园高效灌溉技术研究与应用
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作者 焦有权 李婵娟 +1 位作者 杨林林 韩敏琦 《黑龙江水利科技》 2024年第3期92-95,共4页
北京地区有大量的山区果园,分布在京郊西南部、北部与东北部,与平原区果园相比,山区果园的地形一般较为复杂,地形存在落差,存在大量的坡地且坡度较大,果园灌溉的供水条件较差等特征。文章结合切身的技术服务工作,以房山区佛子庄乡东班... 北京地区有大量的山区果园,分布在京郊西南部、北部与东北部,与平原区果园相比,山区果园的地形一般较为复杂,地形存在落差,存在大量的坡地且坡度较大,果园灌溉的供水条件较差等特征。文章结合切身的技术服务工作,以房山区佛子庄乡东班各庄村北山坡苹果园为对象,通过采集果园地理信息数据,现场踏勘,工程测绘,结合果树生长状况及实际管理措施等,从果园高效节水灌溉技术适宜性选配出发,应对山坡地形变化引起压力不均匀变异进行压力补偿,面向复杂地形地质条件,开展水肥药一体化灌溉系统集成,是山坡高效灌溉技术推广的关键。 展开更多
关键词 山区果园 高效灌溉技术 适宜性 水肥药一体化
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滴灌节水技术应用机理及热点研究进展 被引量:6
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作者 李鹏 曹华 +3 位作者 詹伟 曹引波 范永申 马春芽 《节水灌溉》 北大核心 2024年第2期62-68,75,共8页
滴灌是一种用水效率高的节水灌溉技术,具有少量多次、节水增产的特点。它能有效减少土壤蒸发和深层渗漏,提高灌溉水利用效率,同时其自动化程度高,可减少劳动力和运行管理成本。滴灌已成为国内外缺水地区的重要灌溉技术之一。目前,我国... 滴灌是一种用水效率高的节水灌溉技术,具有少量多次、节水增产的特点。它能有效减少土壤蒸发和深层渗漏,提高灌溉水利用效率,同时其自动化程度高,可减少劳动力和运行管理成本。滴灌已成为国内外缺水地区的重要灌溉技术之一。目前,我国农业现代化发展过程中广泛使用滴灌技术,但也存在一些问题。从多个层面对滴灌技术的发展现状、适应作物类型、滴灌节水技术应用的研究热点、滴灌节水节肥机理以及存在的问题进行了梳理和分析,并提出了滴灌技术未来发展的建议,旨在为智慧滴灌技术的应用与研究提供借鉴和参考,为有效缓解我国农业用水紧缺,实现农田科学用水,提高作物的水分利用效率和农业生产的可持续性提供理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 滴灌 节水 水肥 趋势 应用机理
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施钾对新疆滴灌花生生长特性及产量的剂量效应
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作者 李锁丞 柳延涛 +6 位作者 董红业 孙振博 李紫薇 张春媛 王开勇 李强 杨明凤 《中国油料作物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期403-410,共8页
为提高新疆滴灌条件下的花生产量,研究钾肥适宜施用量,在新疆乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站,以花育9610(T1,新疆常播品种)和黑花5号(T2,高产品种)为材料,设置4个钾肥(K2O)梯度,K0,K1,K2和K3分别代表施用量为0、150、225和300 kg/hm^(2),按苗期... 为提高新疆滴灌条件下的花生产量,研究钾肥适宜施用量,在新疆乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站,以花育9610(T1,新疆常播品种)和黑花5号(T2,高产品种)为材料,设置4个钾肥(K2O)梯度,K0,K1,K2和K3分别代表施用量为0、150、225和300 kg/hm^(2),按苗期15%、花针期40%、结荚期30%、饱果成熟期15%进行追肥。结果表明,花育9610和黑花5号花生的主茎高和侧枝长均随钾肥施用量增加基本呈抛物线形变化,干物质量均以K2水平最大,分别为84.37 g/株、89.37 g/株;与不施钾肥相比,K2处理主茎高、侧枝长分别比K0增加了17.91%和16.56%、7.4%和12.31%,根瘤数均在结荚期最高,分别为42.0个/株和45.3个/株;叶面积指数基本随钾肥施用量增加而增大,在出苗后90 d达到最大值;光合势随钾肥施用量增加也基本呈抛物线形态变化,K2处理出苗后75~90 d分别达到最大值4.38 m^(2)·d和4.51 m^(2)·d。两品种肥料贡献率、农学利用率均以K2处理最大,花育9610分别为26.06%和1.83 kg/kg,黑花5号分别为25.18%和1.67 kg/kg,两品种产量分别为9628.38 kg/hm^(2)和10368.35 kg/hm^(2),说明225 kg/hm^(2)可作为新疆滴灌花生钾肥施用参考用量。 展开更多
关键词 花生 钾肥 滴灌 生长特性 产量
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水氮耦合对滴灌玉米光合特性及产量的调控效应
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作者 戚迎龙 宁小莉 +2 位作者 孙贯芳 李敏 史海滨 《东北农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期10-20,共11页
探索水氮施用对玉米光合参数及产出指标的影响规律,寻求适宜水氮耦合量,为西辽河流域水肥管理提供理论和应用参考。膜下滴灌田间试验设置三种灌溉水平与三种施氮量组合形成9个处理,对比分析不同水氮组合作用效果。结果表明,水氮两因素... 探索水氮施用对玉米光合参数及产出指标的影响规律,寻求适宜水氮耦合量,为西辽河流域水肥管理提供理论和应用参考。膜下滴灌田间试验设置三种灌溉水平与三种施氮量组合形成9个处理,对比分析不同水氮组合作用效果。结果表明,水氮两因素对玉米光合速率Pn、蒸腾速率Tr、气孔导度Gs、胞间二氧化碳浓度Ci影响程度表现为灌水>施氮,对叶片水分利用效率WUE影响程度表现为施氮>灌水。对于Pn,W_(2)N_(2)(中水中氮)显著高于W_(3)N_(1)(高水低氮)、对于Tr,W_(2)N_(2)和W_(3)N_(1)差异不显著,因此灌溉量由中水至高水(1802~2315 m^(3)·hm^(-2))对Pn提升作用无法补偿中氮240 kg·hm^(-2)降至低氮192 kg·hm^(-2)对Pn的削弱作用,但可补偿对Tr的负效应。中高灌溉水平下氮肥192~240 kg·hm^(-2)可有效提升Pn、Tr、百粒重、穗粒重(W_(2)N_(2)显著高于W_(2)N_(1)、W_(3)N_(2)显著高于W_(3)N_(1)),继续施氮无显著作用。玉米产量提升与Pn、Tr增大呈正相关,水分亏缺时中氮240 kg·hm^(-2)至高氮288 kg·hm^(-2)无明显增产作用,中等灌溉水平下氮肥增产效果显著。W_(3)N_(2)(高水中氮)耦合下玉米可获得最佳光合能力及产量水平,但超过W_(2)N_(2)(中水中氮)的耦合量对WUE无增效、降低光合产物在籽粒中的分配比例。综合考虑光合参数及产量,推荐中等至较高的灌溉水平1802~2315 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W2~W3)与中等施氮水平240 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)为最优水氮耦合量。 展开更多
关键词 水氮耦合 光合参数 膜下滴灌 水肥一体化 玉米
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沟水回灌水肥耦合对滴灌油葵节水控盐、增产提质的影响
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作者 马福平 田军仓 +1 位作者 刘娟 郭洋 《节水灌溉》 北大核心 2024年第9期113-120,共8页
为探究宁夏引黄灌区滴灌条件下盐碱化土壤油葵增产提质的适宜灌溉量与施肥量,以油葵为研究对象,以沟水为灌溉水源,通过3个灌溉水平与3个施肥水平的不同组合,探究不同水肥条件对油葵的生长、产量、品质、作物水分利用效率以及土壤pH和脱... 为探究宁夏引黄灌区滴灌条件下盐碱化土壤油葵增产提质的适宜灌溉量与施肥量,以油葵为研究对象,以沟水为灌溉水源,通过3个灌溉水平与3个施肥水平的不同组合,探究不同水肥条件对油葵的生长、产量、品质、作物水分利用效率以及土壤pH和脱盐率的影响,并采用CRITIC综合评价法进行分析,以期为宁夏引黄灌区盐碱化土壤油葵水肥管理提供参考。研究结果表明,滴灌条件下,高水高肥(S3F3)处理生长、产量指标均最优,但就产量而言,与中水中肥(S2F2)处理差异不显著;就水分利用效率而言,中水中肥处理(S2F2)最优;对于油葵品质而言,中水高肥(S2F3)处理粗脂肪含量最高,高水低肥(S3F1)处理油酸含量最高,中水中肥(S2F2)处理亚油酸含量最高;就降低土壤pH而言,中水高肥(S2F3)处理表现最优;对于提高脱盐率而言,中水中肥(S2F2)处理显著优于其他处理,较对照提高86.12%;通过CRITIC权重法,得出以沟水为灌溉水源,滴灌技术下适宜宁夏引黄灌区盐碱化土壤油葵节水控盐、增产提质最有效的水肥耦合处理为中水中肥(S2F2)处理,即沟水含盐量为506mg/L,灌溉定额为1875m^(3)/hm^(2),尿素450kg/hm^(2),氯化钾150kg/hm^(2)。 展开更多
关键词 水肥耦合 油葵 沟水回灌 滴灌
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沿黄灌区水肥一体化条件下玉米水氮优化研究
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作者 苗世龙 李仙岳 +4 位作者 史海滨 闫建文 丁世杰 刘红星 苗平 《干旱地区农业研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期140-149,共10页
为进一步提高黄河南岸灌区水氮利用效率,实现农田水肥深度节约的目标,于2023年在鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗吉日嘎朗图镇开展了滴灌条件水氮调控试验,研究了滴灌条件下不同水氮处理对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响并进行了水氮用量优化。结果表明... 为进一步提高黄河南岸灌区水氮利用效率,实现农田水肥深度节约的目标,于2023年在鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗吉日嘎朗图镇开展了滴灌条件水氮调控试验,研究了滴灌条件下不同水氮处理对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响并进行了水氮用量优化。结果表明:同一灌水条件下,中氮处理玉米产量较低氮处理增加23.3%、水分利用效率增加7.14%、氮肥偏生产力降低18.3%,较高氮处理玉米产量增加2.8%、水分利用效率增加7.7%、氮肥偏生产力增加38.1%。同一施肥条件下,中水处理玉米产量较低水处理增加37.1%、水分利用效率增加26.1%、氮肥偏生产力增加16.6%,较高水处理玉米产量增加12.8%、水分利用效率增加38.3%、氮肥偏生产力增加12.9%。建立灌水量、施氮量与玉米产量、水分利用效率、氮肥偏生产力之间的三组回归模型,通过寻优得到三组水氮区间并取交集,获得同时满足高产、高水氮利用效率的全生育期水氮总用量优化区间为1800~2046 m ^(3)·hm^(-2)与210~249.2 kg·hm^(-2)。引用以Jensen模型为基础的水氮生产函数对生育期水氮总用量优化区间进行了各生育期分配,合理分配了滴灌条件下各生育期水氮制度。研究成果可为沿黄南岸灌区玉米种植水肥管理模式和方案提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 水氮优化 水氮生产函数 滴灌施肥 沿黄灌区
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宁夏扬黄灌区玉米膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术研究
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作者 周洋 赵如浪 +2 位作者 张文杰 邢润东 郭鑫年 《安徽农业科学》 CAS 2024年第19期189-194,199,共7页
[目的]分析膜下滴灌施肥对玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响,阐明膜下滴灌水肥一体化的技术优势,解决宁夏扬黄灌区玉米水肥利用效率低的问题。[方法]在相同施肥水平条件下,以常规大水漫灌(6 000 m^(3)/hm^(2))为对照,在滴灌定额为3 750m^(3... [目的]分析膜下滴灌施肥对玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响,阐明膜下滴灌水肥一体化的技术优势,解决宁夏扬黄灌区玉米水肥利用效率低的问题。[方法]在相同施肥水平条件下,以常规大水漫灌(6 000 m^(3)/hm^(2))为对照,在滴灌定额为3 750m^(3)/hm^(2)的基础上设置不覆膜滴灌和膜下滴灌2个处理,研究不同灌水处理对玉米光合特性、产量、水肥利用效率及经济效益的影响。[结果]膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术在玉米抽雄期净光合速率、水分利用效率最高,比漫灌处理分别提高1.5%、11.0%,比不覆膜滴灌处理分别提高6.1%、3.2%。膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术通过提高玉米收获穗数、穗粒数和百粒重从而提高玉米产量,比漫灌处理增产8.6%,比不覆膜滴灌处理增产8.2%。膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术降低玉米耗水量,比漫灌处理降低28.4%,灌水利用效率提高73.6%,水分利用效率提高52.0%;同时提高了玉米氮磷钾肥偏生产力,比漫灌处理分别提高8.5%、8.6%、8.5%。与漫灌处理相比,膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术在成本投入增加26.9%的基础上获得了最高的经济效益,比漫灌处理增加808.4元/hm^(2),收入提高8.1%,比滴灌不覆膜处理增收787.5元/hm^(2),收入提高7.8%。[结论]在滴灌定额为3 750m^(3)/hm^(2)基础上采用膜下滴灌施肥可在节水37.5%的基础上实现增产和增收,该技术在宁夏扬黄灌区表现出一定的优势,可以应用于该地区的玉米生产。 展开更多
关键词 宁夏扬黄灌区 膜下滴灌水肥一体化 玉米 产量 水分利用效率
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文丘里施肥器在水肥一体化精准灌溉中的应用 被引量:1
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作者 杨晶 齐瑞锋 +2 位作者 张明宇 乔清旭 孙鸿 《农业技术与装备》 2024年第2期14-17,共4页
文丘里施肥器具有便宜、耐用、应用广泛等优点。通过对比几种施肥器施肥方式,分析了文丘里施肥器应用上的局限性,提出了适宜的解决方法,为精准控制施肥,进一步推广水肥一体化精准灌溉技术模式的应用奠定基础。
关键词 文丘里施肥器 水肥一体化 精准灌溉 应用
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