Research on the Urban Integration of Land-losing Farmers

Fishbone chart is used to analyze the status of the living ability of land-losing farmers, as well as its causation from the aspects of system layer, social support network, land-losing farmer themselves, and economic layer. Result shows that the system layer includes the unreasonable land compensation, the lack of social security for land-losing farmers, and the employment exclusion of land-losing farmers. Small scale and low heterogeneity are the causations for social support network. Low willingness to become citizens, low cultural quality and difficulty in role change are the causations of land-losing farmers themselves. The low expected return and high living cost are the causations for economic layer. Based on the above analysis, countermeasures to improve the urban-living ability of land-losing farmers are put forward, such as improving the land expropriation system, establishing a multi-level social security system, enhancing the training and employment mechanism of land-losing farmers, and improving the quality of land-losing farmers.

The Group Differentiation of Farmers Whose Land is Expropriated and Community Integration

This paper introduces the status of group differentiation of farmers whose land is expropriated and analyses the forcing of urban community factor and social workers' intervention on community integration of farmers whose land is expropriated.Since individual characteristics factors,external factors,social support and internal factors are different,the understandings of current farmer group whose land is expropriated on social work have great disparity.The obstacles existing in urbanization of farmers whose land is expropriated are concluded as follows.In terms of group constitution,there is a shortage of development-oriented of farmer groups whose land is expropriated,but impoverished groups overabound;in terms of cities,it lacks direct platforms and institutions that provide services for farmers whose land is expropriated.In terms of social work,the degree of social workers intervening in community integration of farmers whose land is expropriated is insufficient.From three aspects:the intervention of social work in integration of different types of communities of farmers whose land is expropriated,social work intervention at level of social policy,and social worker team carrying out the plan of helping others,this paper proposes path selection of intervention of social work in community integration of farmers whose land is expropriated.

THE EVOLUTION OF SETTLEMENT LOCATION AND DISTRIBUTION IN URBAN-RURAL INTEGRATION

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Cultivation of Chinese Farmers' Integrity

Farmers as the largest population group in China, their integrity levels impact the process of socialist modernization and construction of socialist harmonious society directly. Farmers＇ credit construction is an important part of the construction of new socialist countryside. As the subject of construction of new socialist countryside, some farmers are weak in credit awareness. Low credibility of traditional culture, uncompleted credit system construction and farmers＇ narrow thoughts led to their lacking of credit awareness. We should perfect the rural credit system, strengthen the construction of rural credit culture and enhance the construction of grass-roots credit administration, set integrity example model and take other measures to promote farmers＇ awareness of the integrity.

Analysis of the Dynamic Relationship among Financial Fund for Agriculture, Agricultural Output Value and Farmers' income

By using the methods of co-integration, impulse response function and variance decomposition, I conduct the empirical research on the dynamic relationship among China's financial fund for agriculture, agricultural output value, and farmers' income from the year 1978 to the year 2009. The results indicate that the government's financial fund for agriculture plays the significant role in promoting agricultural output value and farmers' income in the long run, but this role of promoting is not prominent in the short run; in the mean time, agricultural output value plays insignificant role in promoting farmers' income and the government's financial fund for agriculture; farmers' income plays the significant role in promoting agricultural output value and the government's financial fund for agriculture.

Empirical Analysis on Effect of Agricultural Financial Investment on Increase of Farmers' Income

On the basis of economic data from 1978 to 2006,the co-integration theory is applied to discuss the relation between agricultural financial investment and farmers' income.The statistic AR model is obtained.Then,it makes pulse response analysis in combination with principle of pulse response analysis.The regression results show that support in agricultural production,various agricultural operating expenses and three types of costs for agricultural science and technology are favorable to farmers' income,while expenditure in agricultural capital construction and rural relief costs hinder increase of farmers' income.The results of pulse response analysis indicate that the change in support of agricultural production and various agricultural operating expenses have positive impact on farmers' net income,and the impact is greater and greater from the second year;the response of expenditure in agricultural capital construction and rural relief cost is positive in the beginning and starts to fluctuate from the third year;the pulse response of three types of costs for agricultural science and technology is negative,lasts about five periods,and then turns to positive impact.Finally,combining characteristics of China's financial support for agriculture,it concludes that the scale,proportion and structure of financial support for agriculture are quite improper.

Empirical Research on the Relations between Farmers' Income Increase and Economic Development in Henan Province

According to data of per capita net income of rural households and the per capita regional gross output from 1978 to 2008 provided by the Henan Statistical Yearbook, we know that both of the time series obey the unit root process, so they belong to non-stationary time series. The results of the Engle-Granger two-stage estimation method show that the two terms have long-term stable integration equilibrium relations. The results of Granger Causality Test show that there is only the one way Granger Causality relation from farmers' income increase to economic growth. Connecting with the reality of Henan Province, the possible reasons are analyzed. The population of rural residents is huge and the income level of the rural residents are low, and the marginal consumption tendency is bigger than urban and township residents, so the increase of farmers' income will promote economic growth. Notably, the income increase of farmers is even more helpful to expand domestic demand. Since 1978, the consumption level and structure of farmers in Henan Province is increasing gradually and the role played by of farmers' income increase in stimulating economic growth is increasing. Besides, the urban-rural double system which serves for economic development strategy is the historic root for the expanding gap of urban and rural income. In addition, the economic policy which gives priority to cities is the system root for the expanding gap of rural and urban income.

MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SHAFT LINING WHEN THE STRATUM SETTLEMENT RESULTING FROM WATER DRAINAGE

Based on the stratum settlement resulting from water drainage, this paper establishes the calculating method of stresses and displacements of shaft lining and stratum by using Fourier integration, obtains the calculating formulas of tangiential load which shaft lining is subjected to, and provides theoretical basis for design of shaft lining.

Application of engineered compressible inclusions to mitigating soilstructure interaction issues in integral bridge abutments

The thermally induced cyclic loading on integral bridge abutments causes soil deformation and lateral stress ratcheting behind the abutment wall due to the expansion and contraction of the bridge deck.The forward and backward movements of the abutment in response to the expansion/contraction of the bridge deck lead to the formation of settlement trough and surface heaving,frequently creating a bump at the bridge approach and increasing the lateral earth pressure behind the abutment.Measures to reduce the bump at the bridge approach,including several treatment methods,such as compaction of selected backfill materials,grout injection,installation of approach slab,and using a layer of compressible inclusion material behind the abutment were proposed.However,these guidelines still lack sufficient design details and there are limited experimental findings to validate design assumptions.In this paper,the use of engineered compressible materials to alleviate the lateral earth pressure ratcheting and settlement at the bridge approach is investigated.The comparative study is presented for the soil-inclusion,material-structure and soil-structure interactions for an integral bridge under three different backfill conditions,i.e.(a)sand,(b)sand and EPS geofoam,and(c)sand and Infinergy®.The study was conducted in a special large-scale test chamber with a semi-scale abutment to gain better insights into the soil-structure interaction(SSI).The kinematics and rearrangement of the soil during the cyclic loading have been investigated to identify the mitigating effects of compressible inclusions.The comparative study indicates that both compressible inclusions perform comparatively well,however,Infinergy®is a better alternative than the medium-density EPS geofoam,as it works more effectively to reduce the backfill settlement and heaving as well as soil ratcheting effects under cyclic translational movement.

BIPV in the Refurbishment of Minor Historical Centres： The Project of Integrability between Standard and Customized Technology

The proposed research is aimed to define some BIPV （building integrated photovoltaics） paradigms for the refurbishment of historical contexts, by defining strategic criteria related to linguistic-architectural and technological-constructive aspects of solar systems （including case-studies in specific application contexts）. This research could, once perfected and shared, be used within operative tools （guidelines, case studies, etc.） really applicable to common scale, e.g., in today＇s post-earthquake reconstruction in L＇Aquila, for defining possible solar implementation possibilities in sensitive areas according to an innovative and sustainable method of intervention.

Adoption Levels of Certain Tomato Cultivation Practices by Farmer Field Schools in Sudan

This study assessed the effect of Integrated Pest Management/Farmer Field Schools(IPM/FFS)extension approach on adoption of some tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)cultivation practices in Gezira Scheme,Sudan.A stratified random sampling technique was used to collect data from 100 tomato growers(50 FFS participants and 50 non-FFS participants),through personal interviews using a structured questionnaire.The data were statistically analyzed and interpreted using frequency distribution,percentage and Chi-square test.The study found that adoption rates for the use of improved tomato seed variety,sowing date and method,urea application,were higher among the FFS participants compared to the non-FFS participants(20%,90%and 50%)compared to 12%,76%and 36%,respectively.The result showed lower adoption rate(50%)in FFS participants for intercropping with companion plant compared to non-FFS participants(64%).Chi-square test showed that there was significant difference between FFS participants and non-FFS participant farmers in adoption of recommended sowing date and method,and intercropping at 95%confidence level,0.05 margin of error.There was no significant difference in adoption of urea application and use of recommended seed variety.This demonstrated that adoption of these two cultivation practices for tomato in the study significantly depended on FFS approach.To improve adoption rates of IPM innovations,the study recommends that FFS in the Gezira Scheme should be revitalized and later introduced in the other states in the country,with extensive and effective system of FFS trainings and follow-up.

农民农村共同富裕:内涵特征、生成逻辑与实践路径

促进农民农村共同富裕具有一般性,也有其特殊性。对农民农村共同富裕的特殊性内涵和特征的系统阐释,有利于揭示并避免当前理论界存在的认识误区。从历史昭示、现实需要与战略考量三个维度出发,对农民农村共同富裕的生成逻辑进行细致描述,有利于回答为什么要促进农民农村共同富裕的时代命题。促进农民农村共同富裕,应当在脱贫地区接续推进乡村振兴,推动小农户融入农业高质量发展,促进城乡要素双向有序流动,实现城乡基本公共服务均等化。

数字新农匠赋能乡村振兴的意义、困境及发展策略

乡村振兴背景下,数字化时代发展智慧农业,培养“数字新农匠”是其核心力量,亦是实施乡村人才振兴和强农兴农的关键所在。因此,本文梳理了“数字新农匠”的内涵及其研究进展,分析了当前发展智慧农业培养“数字新农匠”所面临的乡村数字人才匮乏、培育路径不畅等困境问题。基于此,探索与构建了涉农职业院校“一平台、双融合”的“数字新农匠”育人策略:产教融合培养本土化智慧园艺新农匠;实施“产学研用”创新驱动“数字新农匠”的培养路径;依托项目、校地协同打造“数字新农匠”培育新模式。

肇兴传统侗寨聚落群整体性保护与发展研究

传统村寨聚落群较之单一的村落更能反映一定区域的传统文化、传统经济、传统习俗、传统伦理、传统艺术和传统生态等要素,以及由诸多要素构建而成的传统社会。肇兴侗寨聚落群有着“侗都”的美誉,对其保护与发展对其他侗族聚居区有着一定的借鉴和启发作用。

文旅融合赋能乡村共同富裕:作用机理与路径优化

文旅融合能够促进乡村物质和精神共富、缩小区域和城乡生活差距、保障致富权利机会及规则平等,有效赋能乡村共同富裕。目前文旅融合赋能乡村共同富裕面临着基础设施短板、体制机制障碍、利益联结困境等问题,据此,要加强基础设施建设,夯实文旅融合赋能乡村共同富裕的基础支撑;创新体制机制,提供文旅融合促进共同富裕的制度保障;优化利益联结机制,彰显文旅融合促进共同富裕的文化经济价值。

农村人居环境整治农民付费制度研究——以河南省为例

建设和运营资金保障不充分是影响农村人居环境整治效果的重要因素。农民作为农村人居环境整治的主要参与者和直接受益人,在农村人居环境整治中处于主体地位。探索农民付费制度是破解农村人居环境整治资金投入不足难题、健全长效管护机制的重要途径。本研究以河南省为例,基于典型案例调研和农户问卷调查,以农村改厕、农村污水处理、农村垃圾处理三大领域为重点,深入研究农村人居环境整治农民付费制度的可行性、实现方式及效果,系统总结农村人居环境整治农民付费制度的经验与问题,为完善农村人居环境整治农民付费制度、健全农村人居环境整治可持续性长效投入机制提供针对性建议。

区域差异视角下农民家庭县域城镇化实践及其比较——基于苏南与豫南两地的调研

对县域城镇化的考察,需要注意不同区域背景下农民以家庭为基本单元应对城镇化的能动性适应。通过考察苏南与豫南两地农民的县域城镇化状况,发现两地存在明显的性质差异。苏南地区县域城镇化呈现“融入型”实践逻辑,即新生代农民出于自身职业发展需要与对现代城市生活方式的追求主动进城,同时依托于充裕的家庭代际积累,基本融入了现代城市生产生活体系,实现了“人的城镇化”转型。豫南地区县域城镇化则表现为“过渡型”特点,即新生代农民主要基于婚姻与子代教育等需要被动进城;由于家庭代际积累不足,家庭成员仍需外出务工,仅部分成员实现县域城镇生活;同时,农民县城生活及其交往仍扎根于原有乡村价值生产逻辑与交往网络。农民的城镇化主要受经济层面推力与社会层面拉力双重作用,两种力量的强弱组合是形塑不同县域城镇化逻辑的深层原因。这些发现既表明独特的家庭文化伦理是中国快速城镇化的深层内因,也提醒政府政策制定应关注中西部地区“过渡型”县域城镇化面临的风险。

数字经济与三农产业融合机制创新研究

本文基于数字经济与数字赋能三农产业概念,分析了目前数字经济赋能三农产业过程中存在的问题,包括生产方式仍待改进、产业结构仍不合理、资源开发力度不足、人才专业能力欠缺;最后提出数字经济与三农产业融合机制的创新路径,包括利用数字技术优势推动生产体系转型,通过数字信息平台强化产业综合产能,运用数字经济理念落实生态建设工作,强化乡村人才数字化能力水平。旨在丰富该领域研究成果,推动我国三农产业与数字经济融合,实现三农产业可持续发展。

从“依形套式”到“循章衍法”:构形机理导引的历史城镇空间基因整体识别与活态传承

针对历史城镇空间基因识别、保护实践“有形无态、重式轻法”问题,提出构形机理导引的空间基因整体识别与活态传承方法。以“原型特征+构形机理”的显隐属性和“城镇格局、地块形态、街巷形式、建筑风貌”四重空间尺度为历史城镇空间基因要素解析框架,以“要素特征与结构特征同步提取”和“原型解构到显型建构机理延续”为操作路径,通过川渝地区历史城镇/街区实证研究,提出历史城镇格局结构要素与建构逻辑、地块图底肌理与聚合关系、街巷局域特征与系统节奏、建筑绝对形态与相对尺度同步提取的空间基因整体识别方法,以及城镇格局结构要素保控+基质空间重构、地块空间图底肌理修补+立体形态调节、街巷空间典型断面整饬+系统节奏保持、建筑空间异化风貌矫正+建构传统赓续的空间基因活态传承方法,以促进历史城镇空间基因保护实践从“依形套式”到“循章衍法”的路径转变。

小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划思路与实践——以湖北省十堰市茅塔河小流域为例

作为响应国家生态文明建设要求和推动中国式现代化的重要手段,小流域治理在我国国家治理体系中的重要性不断提升。小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划是统筹小流域内各要素发展与综合治理的重要抓手,现状对小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的编制思路及策略的研究较为薄弱,如何理清小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的架构是亟待研究的重要课题。基于人居环境科学理论和规划统筹与统筹规划方法论,构建小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的架构,并结合湖北省十堰市茅塔河小流域的规划实践,提出小流域综合治理和统筹发展规划的思路与策略,为湖北省乃至全国的小流域治理规划工作提供参考。