A Novel Pipelining Encryption Hardware System with High Throughput and High Integration for 5G

This paper presents a ZUC-256 stream cipher algorithm hardware system in order to prevent the advanced security threats for 5 G wireless network.The main innovation of the hardware system is that a six-stage pipeline scheme comprised of initialization and work stage is employed to enhance the solving speed of the critical logical paths.Moreover,the pipeline scheme adopts a novel optimized hardware structure to fast complete the Mod(231-1)calculation.The function of the hardware system has been validated experimentally in detail.The hardware system shows great superiorities.Compared with the same type system in recent literatures,the logic delay reduces by 47%with an additional hardware resources of only 4 multiplexers,the throughput rate reaches 5.26 Gbps and yields at least 45%better performance,the throughput rate per unit area increases 14.8%.The hardware system provides a faster and safer encryption module for the 5G wireless network.

Impact of Improving Design Factor over 0.72 on the Safety and Reliability of Gas Pipelines and Feasibility Justification

Many years experience of the operation of high stress (>72% specified minimum yield strength, SMYS) gas pipelines and statistical analysis results of pipeline incidents showed that the operating pipelines at stress levels over 72% SMYS have not presented problems in USA and Canada, and design factor does not control incidents or the safety of pipelines. Enhancing pipeline safety management level is most important for decreasing incident rate. The application history of higher design factors in the U.S and Canada was reviewed. And the effect of higher factors to the critical flaw size, puncture resistance, change of reliability with time, risk level and the arrest toughness requirements of pipeline were analyzed here. The comparison of pipeline failure rates and risk levels between two design factors (0.72 and 0.8) has shown that a change in design factor from 0.72 to 0.8 would bring little effect on failure rates and risk levels. On the basis of the analysis result, the application feasibility of design factor of 0.8 in China was discussed and the related suggestions were proposed. When an operator wishes to apply design factor 0.8 to gas pipeline, the following process is recommended: stress level of line pipe hydro test should be up to 100% SMYS, reliability and risk assessment at the design feasibility or conceptual stage should be conducted, Charpy impact energy should meet the need of pipeline crack arrest; and establish and execute risk based integrity management plan. The technology of pipeline steel metallurgy, line pipe fabrication and pipeline construction, and line pipe quality control level in China achieved tremendous progresses, and line pipe product standards and property indexes have come up to international advanced level. Furthermore, pipeline safety management has improved greatly in China. Consequently, the research for the feasibility of application of design factor of 0.8 in China has fundamental basis.

Indirect heat integration across plants using hot water circles

Total site heat integration(TSHI) provides more opportunities for energy saving in industry clusters. Some design methods including direct integration using process streams and indirect integration using intermediate-fluid circuits, i.e., steam, dowtherms and hot water, have been proposed during last few decades. Indirect heat integration is preferred when the heat sources and sinks are separated in independent plants with rather long distance. This improves energy efficiency by adaption of intermediate fluid circle which acts as a utility provider for plants in a symbiotic network. However, there are some significant factors ignored in conventional TSHI, i.e. the investment of pipeline, cost of pumping and heat loss. These factors simultaneously determine the possibility and performance of heat integration. This work presents a new methodology for indirect heat integration in low temperature range using hot water circuit as intermediate-fluid medium. The new methodology enables the targeting of indirect heat integration across plants considering the factors mentioned earlier. An MINLP model with economic objective is established and solved. The optimization results give the mass flow rate of intermediate-fluid, diameter of pipeline, the temperature of the circuits and the matches of heat exchanger networks(HENS) automatically. Finally, the application of this proposed methodology is illustrated with a case study.

A Hybrid Encryption Algorithm for Security Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks:A Supervisory Approach to Pipelines

Transmission pipelines are vulnerable to various accidents and acts of vandalism.Therefore,a reliable monitoring system is needed to secure the transmission pipelines.A wireless sensor network is a wireless network consisting of distributed devices distributed at various distances,which monitors the physical and environmental conditions using sensors.Wireless sensor networks have many uses,including the built-in sensor on the outside of the pipeline or installed to support bridge structures,robotics,healthcare,environmental monitoring,etc.Wireless Sensor networks could be used to monitor the temperature,pressure,leak detection and sabotage of transmission lines.Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to various attacks.Cryptographic algorithms have a good role in information security for wireless sensor networks.Now,various types of cryptographic algorithms provide security in networks,but there are still some problems.In this research,to improve the power of these algorithms,a new hybrid encryption algorithm for monitoring energy transmission lines and increasing the security of wireless sensor networks is proposed.The proposed hybrid encryption algorithm provides the security and timely transmission of data in wireless sensor networks to monitor the transmission pipelines.The proposed algorithm fulfills three principles of cryptography:integrity,confidentiality and authentication.The details of the algorithm and basic concepts are presented in such a way that the algorithm can be operational.

Asset Integrity Management in Mitigating Oil and Gas Pipeline Vandalism in the Niger Delta Region—Deep Burial Solution

Pipelines, as means of transportation of water and hydrocarbon have been considered “effective, safe and reliable”. Over the years, pipeline failures in Niger Delta region of Nigeria have resulted in loss of lives, water pollution, soil contamination, air pollution, destruction of infrastructures and aquatic lives, and other losses. The study area, Niger Delta region is located on Latitude 4°50' 00"N, longitude 6°00'00"E and comprised of nine coastal states of Nigeria (about 70,000 km2). Failure data were collected using: Questionnaires administered to experienced pipeline engineers in the International oil and gas companies (IOCs), Personnel interviews, and reports from the Department of Petroleum Resources, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). This study assessed the strategies employed by four IOCs to mitigate pipeline failures in the process of asset integrity management. Design and construction methods detailing pipelines laying to infiltration discouraging-depth were studied. The results obtained showed that vandalism is presently the major cause of pipeline failures. Deep burial solution was therefore explored as a vandalism mitigation approach and its cost of implementation for a typical Φ20"× 15 km trunkline in the region showed 9.627% (≈809.3 million Naira) rise compared to the normal burial option, and this difference accrued mainly from equipment and personnel cost. This is a paltry sum compared to the huge losses due to vandalism. Finally, this study posits that the available regulatory framework is now inadequate for pipeline design, construction, and operations due to this challenge and requires urgent amendment in favour of deep burial option.

LIMIT AND SHAKEDOWN ANALYSIS OF PRESSURIZED PIPELINES CONTAINING DEFECTS

In this paper, the integrity assessment of pressurized pipelines containing defects is performed by direct simplified methods of limit and shakedown analysis. The defects considered are part-through slots of various geometrical configurations. The engineering situation considered here has practical importance in the pressure vessel and pipe industry. The results are compared with those obtained by a step-by-step procedure using the professional code ABAQUS and where possible, with those provided by semi-empirical formulae used in engineering. The simplified methods are found more economical and more reliable than marching solutions achieved by step-by-step evolutive elastic-plastic analysis. The effects of various part-through slots on the load-carrying capacities of pipelines are investigated.

油气管道数据集成及可视化发展现状分析

通过调研国内外油气田智能化探索过程中管道数据集成及可视化的发展现状,分析了国内油气管道数据集成及可视化面临的挑战。基于挑战和智能化管道建设需求,从发展趋势和管道业务2方面提出管道数据集成及可视化未来研究方向。发展趋势重点关注管道数据系统、业务流与工作流的一体化以及生产管理的远程、实时化等方面的建设,管道业务则从感知领域、预测领域、管控领域以及优化领域等方面开展数据集成及可视化研究工作。

基于大数据流水线系统的算法模型整合方法研究——以基于机器学习方法的LiDAR数据树木生物量反演为例

【背景】激光雷达(LiDAR)数据在森林资源分析利用方面有着广泛应用,科研人员研制了很多涉及大数据管理和人工智能的专业算法模型,这些算法模型目前多数散落在研究人员手里,尚缺乏新型信息化平台对其进行整合。【方法】大数据流水线系统πFlow软件具有大数据管理能力和大数据算法集成能力,并可以所见即所得方式构建流水线并调度运行流水线,适合于LiDAR数据复杂算法模型的整合,且流水线可定制、可复用。【内容】本文介绍了πFlow的特点和功能,并以基于LiDAR冠层高度模型(CHM)数据的树冠解析及利用机器学习方法估测树木生物量为例,介绍了将算法整合到πFlow并构建LiDAR数据分析处理流水线的方法和技术,且对流水线进行了测试运行。【结果】利用πFlow构建的可重复信息化平台可支撑野外站观测网络的LiDAR数据生物量快速反演,为数据密集型的专业数据处理算法模型的整合提供了创新方法技术。

美加油气管道安全监管法律制度考察及对中国的启示

推动能源高质量发展,保障能源安全,需要在安全监管工作上久久为功。随着中国石油天然气的储运量日益增加,油气管道行业的规模日益扩大,管道安全监管问题也日渐突出,现阶段完善中国油气管道安全监管法律制度是保障油气管道安全的必要之举。美国和加拿大的油气管道安全监管法律制度较为成熟,在对其进行考察分析后,结合实际情况提出完善中国油气管道安全监管法律制度的建议。建议增设油气管道安全监管专章,推动《石油天然气管道保护法》更名,设立专门的油气管道安全监管部门并明确该部门分工,推动完整性管理纳入《石油天然气管道保护法》,提升完整性管理标准水平,规范应急预案制度,健全应急信息化制度,以此来建立符合中国国情的油气管道安全监管制度,推动能源高质量发展。

输氢管道完整性管理技术研究进展

管道输氢被认为是当前效率最高、经济性最好的大规模输氢方式。围绕输氢管道管材的相容性、氢气的泄漏与监测、完整性管理方法与相关规范缺失等关键问题,对目前相关研究进行了归纳与总结。结果表明:典型管道钢材在高压临氢环境下产生氢致失效的机理尚未明悉,需探明临氢环境下不同等级钢材力学性能的劣化规律,并分析钢材氢脆敏感性的影响因素;输氢管道更易发生泄漏,应重点明确输氢管道及相关设备产生泄漏的具体原因,完善氢气泄漏监测技术;目前输氢管道完整性管理方法缺失,需重点考虑氢气对输氢管道完整性管理中风险评价和完整性评价的影响,完善输氢管道完整性管理方法;结合现有输氢管道规范的相关内容,为输氢管道完整性管理提供支撑,推进输氢管道完整性管理标准与规范的制定。相关结论可以为输氢管道完整性管理技术的发展提供参考。

面向微控制器的卷积神经网络加速器设计

针对目前嵌入式微控制器的性能难以满足实时图像识别任务的问题,提出一种适用于微控制器的卷积神经网络加速器。该加速器在卷积层设计了无阻塞的行并行乘法-加法树结构,获得了更高的硬件利用率;为了满足行并行的数据吞吐量,设计了卷积专用SRAM存储器。加速器将池化和激活单元融入数据通路,有效减少数据重复存取带来的时间开销。FPGA原型验证表明加速器的性能达到92.2 GOPS@100 MHz;基于TSMC 130 nm工艺节点进行逻辑综合,加速器的动态功耗为33 mW,面积为90 764.2μm^(2),能效比高达2 793 GOPS/W,比FPGA加速器方案提高了约100倍。该加速器低功耗、低成本的特性,有利于实现嵌入式系统在目标检测、人脸识别等机器视觉领域的广泛应用。

基于集成算法的腐蚀管道失效压力预测研究

为了提高腐蚀管道剩余强度的预测精度、解决单一预测模型易受训练数据的质量影响而发生运行及预测输出不稳定的问题,引入两种集成模型方法。首先对于串行结构集成方法,以支持向量回归(SVR)融合正余弦策略改进的黑猩猩优化算法(IChOA)为基础建立AdaBoost-IChOA-SVR模型;其次对于双层并行结构方法,根据预测问题筛选出相关性低且学习效果良好的预测算法作为第一层基预测器,调节新数据集形成方式及相关参数设置,建立Stacking堆叠集成模型。以含腐蚀缺陷管道失效压力爆破数据为例,利用MATLAB分别进行仿真模拟,与基础SVR和PSO-ELM模型的预测结果及评价指标进行对比分析。研究结果表明:集成预测模型具有更好的预测输出性能,且串行结构的AdaBoost集成学习模型的构造流程较为简洁,运行速度及精度更高;该模型对腐蚀缺陷管道失效压力预测问题的拟合度可达0.996,相对误差均值可达3.69%,可为后续腐蚀管道相关预测模型建立和防护维修策略制定提供参考。

综合管廊抗震研究进展

鉴于频繁发生的地震灾害,综合管廊这种长跨度、大型地下结构的安全正面临严峻挑战,尤其是不同结构形式和构造特点的装配式管廊结构层出。因此,迫切需要全面梳理综合管廊抗震分析方法以及相关研究进展,以促进综合管廊结构及体系抗震研究不断纵向发展。首先系统总结了综合管廊结构的震害特征,归纳了综合管廊结构在地震作用下的抗震分析方法,最后从综合管廊结构形式和构造特点出发,论述了综合管廊在抗震方面的研究现状及存在的不足之处。研究可为综合管廊抗震性能的纵向深入发展提供更为准确的依据。

基于BIM的大型交通枢纽工程机电安装技术应用

大型交通枢纽工程机电安装体量广,专业管线交叉多,功能设备复杂,传统机电安装工作模式无法保障施工质量和效率。因此,本研究将BIM技术与新型施工技术相结合,用高效、绿色的智慧施工技术来实现正向BIM协同设计和工厂化预制。根据新建长沙西站综合交通枢纽项目机电安装工程特点,系统阐述了BIM技术在管综深化、预制内保温风管、机电消声减振和工厂化支吊架等方面的应用,对今后类似项目的机电安装工程具有较高参考价值。

综合管廊水气共舱情况下燃气爆炸对同舱管道影响的研究

综合管廊“水气共舱”情况下,若燃气管道泄漏引发爆炸,可能导致同舱给水管道失效破坏。为研究燃气爆炸对同舱管道的影响,采用由非线性有限元程序ANSYS/LS-DYNA定义甲烷-空气混合气体的方法,通过数值模拟研究燃气爆炸作用下同舱管道应变、应力、振动速度及位移变化情况,依据椭圆化失效判定标准,对管道壁厚、内压、弹性模量和屈服强度等4类影响因素进行定量分析。结果表明:燃气爆炸作用下,同舱管道椭圆度与管道壁厚、内压、弹性模量和屈服强度整体均呈现负相关,屈服强度对同舱管道椭圆度影响最小,均低于临界无量纲椭圆度3%;当影响因素变化率由2.5%增加至15%时,管道壁厚与弹性模量对同舱管道椭圆度影响程度较高,管道内压与屈服强度对同舱管道椭圆度影响程度较低。研究结论可为综合管廊“水气共舱”规划设计和相关规范完善提供参考。

一种基于多传感器模块的城镇燃气管道结构完整性设备研究

城镇燃气管道作为重要的城市基础设施,其结构完整性直接关系到城市燃气的供应安全与稳定。结构完整性失效可能导致燃气泄漏,从而引发安全事故,对公众生命财产安全构成严重威胁,因此对城镇燃气管道结构完整性的监测和管理具有重要意义。文章重点介绍装置的研究方法和技术路径、结构及工作工程。研发的原理样机在DN100mm管道中进行的实验结果表明,该检测器整体性能达到设计指标,能够显著提高燃气管道的安全性,预防潜在的结构完整性失效。

基于DMGIS的地下管线探测系统设计与实现

通过对传统管线探测作业模式与内外业数据处理流程的分析,给出地下管线探测内外业一体化软件系统的设计方案。软件包括基于分布式移动地理信息服务技术的移动端外业数据采集系统和基于AutoCAD平台的内业数据处理系统。通过优化作业流程,实现管线探测外业与内业数据处理的一体化。应用在电力行业线缆工程勘察领域的实例表明,软件可以提高管线探测效率,提升管线成果质量,降低工作复杂度,为管线工程设计、施工提供良好的技术支持。

郑州市污水厂群应急联合调度的优化布局与实现

为提升污水系统弹性和韧性,文章分析了郑州市污水系统存在的问题,提出了郑州市污水厂群应急联合调度布局。这种布局能有效应对污水厂应急污水出路问题,提升运行安全保障,同时最重要的是通过跨区域调配实现了未饱和污水厂和超负荷污水之间的有效调度,使郑州市各污水厂高效节能运行。联合调度是未来城市污水系统运营模式的发展趋势,有利于城市的可持续发展,通过实施了郑州市污水厂群应急联合调度,为平原地区污水互联互通建设提供了切合可行的实例。

智慧城市排水管道综合管理监测平台的设计与实现

本文利用地理信息系统,开发了智慧城市排水管道综合管理监测平台,建设了一个涵盖排水管网的设施管理、健康档案管理、三维一体化展示、工程管理、移动巡检、养护管理、在线监测及防涝应急调度等多个方面的综合管理平台,能够实现排水管网在一个管理平台的可视化管理。构建的智慧城市排水管网实时在线多维度感知体系,可通过全面的信息整合,形成信息准确、直观、实时的排水管控一张图,对排水管道病害检测报告能够进行可视化管理,同时能够实现排水设施数字化、运行状态在线化、运维管理智能化。智慧城市排水管道综合管理监测平台设计的实现可全面提升城市排水系统的智能化管控水平。

考虑整机变形的氢氧发动机管路结构静强度分析

为了在液体火箭发动机管路结构静强度分析时考虑整机变形的影响,采用以实体单元、壳单元和梁单元为主的建模方法,建立了大推力补燃氢氧发动机试验装置的有限元模型,在热载荷、压力载荷和重力载荷的共同作用下,基于整机模型对管路结构进行了静力计算,并将计算结果与试验测量结果进行了对比。在此基础上,计算了不同类型载荷作用下的整机变形,重点分析了温度载荷的影响。对于典型管路,进一步采用子模型方法计算了不同类型载荷作用下的管路应力,对比了是否考虑整机变形对管路应力水平的影响。结果表明:基于整机模型进行的静力仿真基本能够正确反映出发动机热试验状态下各管路结构的受力状态;对氢氧发动机而言,温度载荷对整机变形的影响最大,整机变形对管路结构应力水平的影响较大且不容忽视,故有必要考虑整机变形对管路结构的影响来进行静强度分析。