Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, play a pivotal role in skeletal development and adult bone remodeling. They also participate in the pathogenesis of various bone disorders. Osteoclasts differentiate from cells o...Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, play a pivotal role in skeletal development and adult bone remodeling. They also participate in the pathogenesis of various bone disorders. Osteoclasts differentiate from cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation of two essential factors, the monocyte/ macrophage colony stimulating factor （M-CSF） and receptor activation of NF-κB ligand （RANKL）. M-CSF binds to its receptor c-Fms to activate distinct signaling pathways to stimulate the proliferation and survival of osteoclast precursors and the mature cell. RANKL, however, is the primary osteoclast differentiation factor, and promotes osteoclast differentiation mainly through controlling gene expression by activating its receptor, RANK. Osteoclast function depends on polarization of the cell, induced by integrin avβ3, to form the resorptive machinery characterized by the attachment to the bone matrix and the formation of the bone-apposed ruffled border. Recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanism of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. In particular, c-Fms and RANK signaling have been shown to regulate bone resorption by cross-talking with those activated by integrin avβ3. This review discusses new advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of osteoclast differentiation and function.展开更多
腺病毒是目前肿瘤基因治疗研究的常用载体,而5型腺病毒(Ad5)以其复制效率高、载体容量大等优势而被广泛用于基因治疗的相关研究。比较5型腺病毒对人白血病细胞K562及其耐药株K562/ADR的感染效率,并分析引起这种差异的分子机制。流式细...腺病毒是目前肿瘤基因治疗研究的常用载体,而5型腺病毒(Ad5)以其复制效率高、载体容量大等优势而被广泛用于基因治疗的相关研究。比较5型腺病毒对人白血病细胞K562及其耐药株K562/ADR的感染效率,并分析引起这种差异的分子机制。流式细胞术及荧光显微镜观察,结果显示,5型腺病毒对K562/ADR的感染效率明显高于K562;Real time PCR定量分析表明K562/ADR细胞株表面的CAR表达水平约为K562的1.33倍(P<0.05),而整合素αν表达则是K562的4.36倍(P<0.01)。展开更多
The development of nanomedicine has recently achieved several breakthroughs in the field of cancer treatment;however,biocompatibility and targeted penetration of these nanomaterials remain as limitations,which lead to...The development of nanomedicine has recently achieved several breakthroughs in the field of cancer treatment;however,biocompatibility and targeted penetration of these nanomaterials remain as limitations,which lead to serious side effects and significantly narrow the scope of their application.The self-assembly of intermediate filaments with arginine-glycine-aspartate(RGD)peptide(RGDIFP)was triggered by the hydrophobic cationic molecule 7-amino actinomycin D(7-AAD)to synthesize a bifunctional nanoparticle that could serve as a fluorescent imaging probe to visualize tumor treatment.The designed RGD-IFP peptide possessed the ability to encapsulate 7-AAD molecules through the formation of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions by a one-step method.This fluorescent nanoprobe with RGD peptide could be targeted for delivery into tumor cells and released in acidic environments such as endosomes/lysosomes,ultimately inducing cytotoxicity by arresting tumor cell cycling with inserted DNA.It is noteworthy that the RGD-IFP/7-AAD nanoprobe tail-vein injection approach demonstrated not only high tumor-targeted imaging potential,but also potent antitumor therapeutic effects in vivo.The proposed strategy may be used in peptide-driven bifunctional nanoparticles for precise imaging and cancer therapy.展开更多
文摘Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, play a pivotal role in skeletal development and adult bone remodeling. They also participate in the pathogenesis of various bone disorders. Osteoclasts differentiate from cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation of two essential factors, the monocyte/ macrophage colony stimulating factor （M-CSF） and receptor activation of NF-κB ligand （RANKL）. M-CSF binds to its receptor c-Fms to activate distinct signaling pathways to stimulate the proliferation and survival of osteoclast precursors and the mature cell. RANKL, however, is the primary osteoclast differentiation factor, and promotes osteoclast differentiation mainly through controlling gene expression by activating its receptor, RANK. Osteoclast function depends on polarization of the cell, induced by integrin avβ3, to form the resorptive machinery characterized by the attachment to the bone matrix and the formation of the bone-apposed ruffled border. Recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanism of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. In particular, c-Fms and RANK signaling have been shown to regulate bone resorption by cross-talking with those activated by integrin avβ3. This review discusses new advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of osteoclast differentiation and function.
文摘腺病毒是目前肿瘤基因治疗研究的常用载体,而5型腺病毒(Ad5)以其复制效率高、载体容量大等优势而被广泛用于基因治疗的相关研究。比较5型腺病毒对人白血病细胞K562及其耐药株K562/ADR的感染效率,并分析引起这种差异的分子机制。流式细胞术及荧光显微镜观察,结果显示,5型腺病毒对K562/ADR的感染效率明显高于K562;Real time PCR定量分析表明K562/ADR细胞株表面的CAR表达水平约为K562的1.33倍(P<0.05),而整合素αν表达则是K562的4.36倍(P<0.01)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81603016,81773624,81900453)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20160706,BE2017746,China)the National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX09301026-005,2020ZX09201015,China)。
文摘The development of nanomedicine has recently achieved several breakthroughs in the field of cancer treatment;however,biocompatibility and targeted penetration of these nanomaterials remain as limitations,which lead to serious side effects and significantly narrow the scope of their application.The self-assembly of intermediate filaments with arginine-glycine-aspartate(RGD)peptide(RGDIFP)was triggered by the hydrophobic cationic molecule 7-amino actinomycin D(7-AAD)to synthesize a bifunctional nanoparticle that could serve as a fluorescent imaging probe to visualize tumor treatment.The designed RGD-IFP peptide possessed the ability to encapsulate 7-AAD molecules through the formation of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions by a one-step method.This fluorescent nanoprobe with RGD peptide could be targeted for delivery into tumor cells and released in acidic environments such as endosomes/lysosomes,ultimately inducing cytotoxicity by arresting tumor cell cycling with inserted DNA.It is noteworthy that the RGD-IFP/7-AAD nanoprobe tail-vein injection approach demonstrated not only high tumor-targeted imaging potential,but also potent antitumor therapeutic effects in vivo.The proposed strategy may be used in peptide-driven bifunctional nanoparticles for precise imaging and cancer therapy.
