Innovation and Practice of Training Mode for Professional Postgraduates of Acupuncture and Tuina Based on Artificial Intelligence

In view of the common problems of integrating artificial intelligence into the training of postgraduates in Acupuncture and Tuina major,this paper reviews the related research progress both at home and abroad.It puts forward the innovative reform paths for integrating artificial intelligence into postgraduate training mode of Acupuncture and Tuina major:construct the teaching staff of artificial intelligence graduate students;innovating artificial intelligence to promote the integration of classics and scientific research;constructing the ideological and political case base of artificial intelligence courses;implementing artificial intelligence platform blended teaching;building a domestic and foreign exchange platform for artificial intelligence.Through practical research in teaching,it has achieved good teaching results and played a good demonstration,leading and radiation role in similar majors in China.

A review of artificial intelligence applications in high-speed railway systems

In recent years,the global surge of High-speed Railway(HSR)revolutionized ground transportation,providing secure,comfortable,and punctual services.The next-gen HSR,fueled by emerging services like video surveillance,emergency communication,and real-time scheduling,demands advanced capabilities in real-time perception,automated driving,and digitized services,which accelerate the integration and application of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the HSR system.This paper first provides a brief overview of AI,covering its origin,evolution,and breakthrough applications.A comprehensive review is then given regarding the most advanced AI technologies and applications in three macro application domains of the HSR system:mechanical manufacturing and electrical control,communication and signal control,and transportation management.The literature is categorized and compared across nine application directions labeled as intelligent manufacturing of trains and key components,forecast of railroad maintenance,optimization of energy consumption in railroads and trains,communication security,communication dependability,channel modeling and estimation,passenger scheduling,traffic flow forecasting,high-speed railway smart platform.Finally,challenges associated with the application of AI are discussed,offering insights for future research directions.

Concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Its Use in Orthopaedic Practice: Applications and Pitfalls: A Narrative Review

Background: The growth and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the medical field is rapidly rising. AI is exhibiting a practical tool in the healthcare industry in patient care. The objective of this current review is to assess and analyze the use of AI and its use in orthopedic practice, as well as its applications, limitations, and pitfalls. Methods: A review of all relevant databases such as EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index, Scopus, and Web of Science with keywords of AI, orthopedic surgery, applications, and drawbacks. All related articles on AI and orthopaedic practice were reviewed. A total of 3210 articles were included in the review. Results: The data from 351 studies were analyzed where in orthopedic surgery. AI is being used for diagnostic procedures, radiological diagnosis, models of clinical care, and utilization of hospital and bed resources. AI has also taken a chunk of share in assisted robotic orthopaedic surgery. Conclusions: AI has now become part of the orthopedic practice and will further increase its stake in the healthcare industry. Nonetheless, clinicians should remain aware of AI’s serious limitations and pitfalls and consider the drawbacks and errors in its use.

Use of artificial intelligence in the field of pain medicine

In this editorial we comment on the article“Potential and limitations of ChatGPT and generative artificial intelligence in medial safety education”published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This article described the usefulness of artificial intelligence(AI)in medial safety education.Herein,we focus specifically on the use of AI in the field of pain medicine.AI technology has emerged as a powerful tool,and is expected to play an important role in the healthcare sector and significantly contribute to pain medicine as further developments are made.AI may have several applications in pain medicine.First,AI can assist in selecting testing methods to identify causes of pain and improve diagnostic accuracy.Entry of a patient’s symptoms into the algorithm can prompt it to suggest necessary tests and possible diagnoses.Based on the latest medical information and recent research results,AI can support doctors in making accurate diagnoses and setting up an effective treatment plan.Second,AI assists in interpreting medical images.For neural and musculoskeletal disorders,imaging tests are of vital importance.AI can analyze a variety of imaging data,including that from radiography,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging,to identify specific patterns,allowing quick and accurate image interpretation.Third,AI can predict the outcomes of pain treatments,contributing to setting up the optimal treatment plan.By predicting individual patient responses to treatment,AI algorithms can assist doctors in establishing a treatment plan tailored to each patient,further enhancing treatment effectiveness.For efficient utilization of AI in the pain medicine field,it is crucial to enhance the accuracy of AI decision-making by using more medical data,while issues related to the protection of patient personal information and responsibility for AI decisions will have to be addressed.In the future,AI technology is expected to be innovatively applied in the field of pain medicine.The advancement of AI is anticipated to have a positive impact on the entire medical field by providing patients with accurate and effective medical services.

Adaptation of Federated Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Efficient and Secure E-Healthcare Systems

Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)has an advanced feature to enhance the decision-making feature and improve the rule-based technique by using more advanced Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)based algorithms.In this paper,we chose e-healthcare systems for efficient decision-making and data classification,especially in data security,data handling,diagnostics,laboratories,and decision-making.Federated Machine Learning(FML)is a new and advanced technology that helps to maintain privacy for Personal Health Records(PHR)and handle a large amount of medical data effectively.In this context,XAI,along with FML,increases efficiency and improves the security of e-healthcare systems.The experiments show efficient system performance by implementing a federated averaging algorithm on an open-source Federated Learning(FL)platform.The experimental evaluation demonstrates the accuracy rate by taking epochs size 5,batch size 16,and the number of clients 5,which shows a higher accuracy rate(19,104).We conclude the paper by discussing the existing gaps and future work in an e-healthcare system.

Artificial Intelligence Based Multi-Scenario mmWave Channel Modeling for Intelligent High-Speed Train Communications

A large amount of mobile data from growing high-speed train(HST)users makes intelligent HST communications enter the era of big data.The corresponding artificial intelligence(AI)based HST channel modeling becomes a trend.This paper provides AI based channel characteristic prediction and scenario classification model for millimeter wave(mmWave)HST communications.Firstly,the ray tracing method verified by measurement data is applied to reconstruct four representative HST scenarios.By setting the positions of transmitter(Tx),receiver(Rx),and other parameters,the multi-scenarios wireless channel big data is acquired.Then,based on the obtained channel database,radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN)and back propagation neural network(BP-NN)are trained for channel characteristic prediction and scenario classification.Finally,the channel characteristic prediction and scenario classification capabilities of the network are evaluated by calculating the root mean square error(RMSE).The results show that RBF-NN can generally achieve better performance than BP-NN,and is more applicable to prediction of HST scenarios.

Postoperative accurate pain assessment of children and artificial intelligence: A medical hypothesis and planned study

Although the pediatric perioperative pain management has been improved in recent years,the valid and reliable pain assessment tool in perioperative period of children remains a challenging task.Pediatric perioperative pain management is intractable not only because children cannot express their emotions accurately and objectively due to their inability to describe physiological characteristics of feeling which are different from those of adults,but also because there is a lack of effective and specific assessment tool for children.In addition,exposure to repeated painful stimuli early in life is known to have short and long-term adverse sequelae.The short-term sequelae can induce a series of neurological,endocrine,cardiovascular system stress related to psychological trauma,while long-term sequelae may alter brain maturation process,which can lead to impair neurodevelopmental,behavioral,and cognitive function.Children’s facial expressions largely reflect the degree of pain,which has led to the developing of a number of pain scoring tools that will help improve the quality of pain mana-gement in children if they are continually studied in depth.The artificial inte-lligence(AI)technology represented by machine learning has reached an unprecedented level in image processing of deep facial models through deep convolutional neural networks,which can effectively identify and systematically analyze various subtle features of children’s facial expressions.Based on the construction of a large database of images of facial expressions in children with perioperative pain,this study proposes to develop and apply automatic facial pain expression recognition software using AI technology.The study aims to improve the postoperative pain management for pediatric population and the short-term and long-term quality of life for pediatric patients after operational event.

What benefit can be obtained from magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis with artificial intelligence in prostate cancer compared with clinical assessments?

The present study aimed to explore the potential of artificial intelligence(AI)methodology based on magnetic resonance(MR)images to aid in the management of prostate cancer(PCa).To this end,we reviewed and summarized the studies comparing the diagnostic and predictive performance for PCa between AI and common clinical assessment methods based on MR images and/or clinical characteristics,thereby investigating whether AI methods are generally superior to common clinical assessment methods for the diagnosis and prediction fields of PCa.First,we found that,in the included studies of the present study,AI methods were generally equal to or better than the clinical assessment methods for the risk assessment of PCa,such as risk stratification of prostate lesions and the prediction of therapeutic outcomes or PCa progression.In particular,for the diagnosis of clinically significant PCa,the AI methods achieved a higher summary receiver operator characteristic curve(SROC-AUC)than that of the clinical assessment methods(0.87 vs.0.82).For the prediction of adverse pathology,the AI methods also achieved a higher SROC-AUC than that of the clinical assessment methods(0.86 vs.0.75).Second,as revealed by the radiomics quality score(RQS),the studies included in the present study presented a relatively high total average RQS of 15.2(11.0–20.0).Further,the scores of the individual RQS elements implied that the AI models in these studies were constructed with relatively perfect and standard radiomics processes,but the exact generalizability and clinical practicality of the AI models should be further validated using higher levels of evidence,such as prospective studies and open-testing datasets.

Perspectives and Experiences of Education Stakeholders: A Quantitative Study on the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Executive Training Using Structural Equation Modeling

The recent increase in the use of artificial intelligence has led to fundamental changes in the development of training and teaching methods for executive education. However, the success of artificial intelligence in regional centers for teaching and training professions will depend on the acceptance of this technology by young executive trainees. This article discusses the potential benefits of adopting AI in executive training institutions in Morocco, specifically focusing on CRMEF Casablanca Settat. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) (Venkatesh et al., 2003), this study proposes a model to identify the factors influencing the acceptance of artificial intelligence in regional centers for teaching professions and training in Morocco. To achieve this, a structural equation modeling approach was used to quantitatively describe the impact of each factor on AI adoption, utilizing data collected from 173 young executive trainees. The results indicate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trainer influence, and personal innovativeness influence the intention to use artificial intelligence. Our research provides managers of CRMEFs with a set of practical recommendations to enhance the implementation conditions of an artificial intelligence system. It aims to understand which factors should be considered in designing an artificial intelligence system within regional centers for teaching professions and training (CRMEFs).

Artificial intelligence-assisted repair of peripheral nerve injury: a new research hotspot and associated challenges

Artificial intelligence can be indirectly applied to the repair of peripheral nerve injury.Specifically,it can be used to analyze and process data regarding peripheral nerve injury and repair,while study findings on peripheral nerve injury and repair can provide valuable data to enrich artificial intelligence algorithms.To investigate advances in the use of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis,rehabilitation,and scientific examination of peripheral nerve injury,we used CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to analyze the relevant literature included in the Web of Science from 1994–2023.We identified the following research hotspots in peripheral nerve injury and repair:(1)diagnosis,classification,and prognostic assessment of peripheral nerve injury using neuroimaging and artificial intelligence techniques,such as corneal confocal microscopy and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy;(2)motion control and rehabilitation following peripheral nerve injury using artificial neural networks and machine learning algorithms,such as wearable devices and assisted wheelchair systems;(3)improving the accuracy and effectiveness of peripheral nerve electrical stimulation therapy using artificial intelligence techniques combined with deep learning,such as implantable peripheral nerve interfaces;(4)the application of artificial intelligence technology to brain-machine interfaces for disabled patients and those with reduced mobility,enabling them to control devices such as networked hand prostheses;(5)artificial intelligence robots that can replace doctors in certain procedures during surgery or rehabilitation,thereby reducing surgical risk and complications,and facilitating postoperative recovery.Although artificial intelligence has shown many benefits and potential applications in peripheral nerve injury and repair,there are some limitations to this technology,such as the consequences of missing or imbalanced data,low data accuracy and reproducibility,and ethical issues(e.g.,privacy,data security,research transparency).Future research should address the issue of data collection,as large-scale,high-quality clinical datasets are required to establish effective artificial intelligence models.Multimodal data processing is also necessary,along with interdisciplinary collaboration,medical-industrial integration,and multicenter,large-sample clinical studies.

复旦大学附属中山医院期刊中心关于论文写作或评审中使用ChatGPT或其他生成式人工智能(generative artificial intelligence,GenAI)技术的有关规定

1.生成式人工智能(generative artificial intelligence,GenAI)不能作为论文的作者。GenAI无法对论文的原创性、准确性和完整性负责,不能声明利益冲突,也不能管理版权和许可协议,无法满足作者的相关要求。2.论文重要部分(如研究方法、结果、对结果的解释分析等)的撰写应由作者完成。

Artificial intelligence for characterization of diminutive colorectal polyps:A feasibility study comparing two computer-aided diagnosis systems

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)has potential in the optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps.AIM To evaluate the feasibility of the real-time use of the computer-aided diagnosis system(CADx)AI for ColoRectal Polyps(AI4CRP)for the optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps and to compare the performance with CAD EYE^(TM)(Fujifilm,Tokyo,Japan).CADx influence on the optical diagnosis of an expert endoscopist was also investigated.METHODS AI4CRP was developed in-house and CAD EYE was proprietary software provided by Fujifilm.Both CADxsystems exploit convolutional neural networks.Colorectal polyps were characterized as benign or premalignant and histopathology was used as gold standard.AI4CRP provided an objective assessment of its characterization by presenting a calibrated confidence characterization value(range 0.0-1.0).A predefined cut-off value of 0.6 was set with values<0.6 indicating benign and values≥0.6 indicating premalignant colorectal polyps.Low confidence characterizations were defined as values 40%around the cut-off value of 0.6(<0.36 and>0.76).Self-critical AI4CRP’s diagnostic performances excluded low confidence characterizations.RESULTS AI4CRP use was feasible and performed on 30 patients with 51 colorectal polyps.Self-critical AI4CRP,excluding 14 low confidence characterizations[27.5%(14/51)],had a diagnostic accuracy of 89.2%,sensitivity of 89.7%,and specificity of 87.5%,which was higher compared to AI4CRP.CAD EYE had a 83.7%diagnostic accuracy,74.2%sensitivity,and 100.0%specificity.Diagnostic performances of the endoscopist alone(before AI)increased nonsignificantly after reviewing the CADx characterizations of both AI4CRP and CAD EYE(AI-assisted endoscopist).Diagnostic performances of the AI-assisted endoscopist were higher compared to both CADx-systems,except for specificity for which CAD EYE performed best.CONCLUSION Real-time use of AI4CRP was feasible.Objective confidence values provided by a CADx is novel and self-critical AI4CRP showed higher diagnostic performances compared to AI4CRP.

AI赋能视角下的信息行为研究--2023年信息行为研究年会综述

2023年12月23—24日,2023年信息行为研究年会在北京大学召开,来自全国70多所高校的200余位知名专家学者和学生参加了会议。本次年会以“AI赋能视角下的信息行为研究”为主题,设置了主旨报告、专题讨论、海报展示、分论坛报告、眼动追踪工作坊等环节,围绕信息行为研究领域在新一代人工智能(AI)技术浪潮下的理论创新、方法应用、情境拓展、人本关怀、社会发展等方面进行深入研讨。文章综述了与会者的学术成果与主要观点,为信息行为研究的发展与创新提供理论启迪与研究指引。

生成式AI视域下智慧图书馆建设的关键路径

[目的/意义]智慧图书馆已经成为当今图书馆学界和业界最热门的主题之一。智慧图书馆建设的理论研究与实践工作已经取得了初步成效,生成式AI也在蓬勃发展的同时参与到各行各业的建设中。因此有必要立足当下发展,放眼远景目标,确定生成式AI参与智慧图书馆建设的策略。[方法/过程]本文从智慧图书馆空间升级、服务打造、业务重组、人才培养、体系建设5个方面阐明了生成式AI视域下智慧图书馆建设的关键路径。[结果/结论]关键路径研究将为生成式AI引入智慧图书馆下一阶段的建设工作提供借鉴与依据。

基于AI的肺磨玻璃结节中医临床特点研究

目的通过客观、规范的方法分析肺磨玻璃中医临床特点,利用人工智能(AI)分析肺磨玻璃结节恶性风险,初步探究不同风险肺磨玻璃结节中医临床特点,为中医药干预肺结节提供参考。方法采集75例肺磨玻璃结节患者中医四诊信息,运用证素辨证方法提取证素;利用AI判读患者胸部CT,分析不同风险肺磨玻璃结节中医临床特点。结果肺磨玻璃结节患者中医证素以阴虚(77.33%)、气虚(56.00%)、阳虚(54.67%)、血虚(52.00%)等证素多见,亦可见痰(40.00%)、寒(37.33%)、气滞(32.00%)等实性证素;AI判读为高风险组较中低风险组气虚证素权值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺磨玻璃结节患者中医辨证以虚证为主,中医病机为气虚或气滞导致肺之气机不畅,引起局部痰、湿聚集于肺络而形成,而热证、瘀血证较少。

用户知识问答转移行为研究:从问答社区到生成式AI

[研究目的]作为一类新兴应用,生成式AI在知识问答领域吸引了众多用户,这可能导致传统的知识问答社区用户流失,因此研究用户转移行为对提高知识问答社区用户粘性来说至关重要。[研究方法]基于PPM(推-拉-锚)模型,整合认知和情感体验因素,研究了用户的知识问答转移行为。对收集的483份有效数据采用混合方法包括结构方程模型(SEM)和模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)进行分析。[研究结论]研究结果发现,转移意愿受推力因素(信息过载、社区倦怠)、拉力因素(感知拟人度、感知准确度、感知可信度、沉浸体验)和锚定因素(社会影响)的综合影响。fsQCA识别出了三条导致转移意愿的主要路径。研究结果启示问答社区需降低信息过载,缓解用户的社区倦怠,从而实现用户保持和平台可持续发展。

结合地理信息与AIS数据的海上航道自适应提取方法

海上航道对于海上态势感知具有重要意义。然而,现有的航道提取方法存在航道航路点易丢失、提取准确性不高等问题,本文依据船舶航路点数量与其途经岛屿、港口等地理区域数量相等的准则,提出了一种结合地理信息与自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)数据的海上航道自适应提取方法。首先,构建港口之间往返船只AIS航迹数据集,将每条AIS航迹等间距分段并计算每段航迹的平均航速,设置航速差初始阈值,计算相邻航段平均航速差超过阈值的数量作为初始船只转弯次数。其次,统计AIS航迹途经岛屿、港口等地理区域的数量,若其与利用AIS航迹提取的船舶转弯次数不相等,则根据两者的差异自适应调整航速差阈值,重新提取船舶航路点,直至其与途经地理区域的数量相等,将平均航速差超出最终阈值的航迹段的连接点作为船舶航路点。然后,利用基于密度的聚类算法将所有船舶的航路点聚类为航路点集合,计算航路点集合的质心作为航道的航路点。最后,以航道航路点为顶点、航路点之间的连线为边构建有向图,并删除落在陆地上的连线后得到最终的航道提取结果。利用潍坊港—连云港港之间行驶的20条船舶的AIS数据开展了海上航道提取实验,结果表明,与基于交通路径异常检测的航道提取方法相比,本文方法得到的船舶航路点的平均虚检率降低了9.1%,平均漏检率降低了16.7%,显著提升了航道航路点位置提取的准确性。

AI时代的教育与评价

以ChatGPT为代表的AI技术发展对现有教育与评价体系提出挑战,并引发对教育模式与教育理念根本性变革的思考。在AI时代,对知识的了解与掌握已不再是学习的主要目的。以创新、创造、创业为内核的“三创教育”为面向未来的教育提供了一条新路径,其三个基本特征包括可个性化的学习、发现并解决真实问题/产品导向的学习、全球化的学习环境。AI为“三创教育”提供了切实可用的工具与实现方式。人机共生与共同演化(co-evolution)的时代已开启,教育工作者需要深入思考人与AI的关系,以及如何在AI时代实现教育公平和个人成长。

数字化转型下AI课堂观察系统使用对师生课堂行为的影响——基于W中学412节课例的循证研究

当前,课堂教学的数字化转型实践和应用正如火如荼,但师生可能因习惯于传统教学环境而对新技术的引入产生抵触情绪,从而影响数字化转型的成效。对此,文章以武汉市W中学七年级四个班的412节课例为研究样本,通过前后测实验设计,对比了AI课堂观察系统投入使用前后师生的课堂行为变化情况、不同特征(包括科目、职称、性别)教师的课堂行为差异,结果发现:AI课堂观察系统对师生课堂行为有一定的影响,且这种影响会随着时间的推移而减弱;AI课堂观察系统对不同特征教师产生了不同程度的影响。文章的研究揭示了课堂教学数字化转型面临的实践挑战,可为课堂教学创新的科学管理提供理论支撑和实践参考。

生成式AI影响下的艺术媒介本体论转向

以Midjourney为代表的生成式AI模型中的“文字转图像”(Text-to-image)技术正在被广泛应用,其崭新的交互方式向大众宣告了生成式AI带领当代艺术步入“艺术大众化”时代。生成式AI技术影响下的艺术传播媒介发生了巨大变迁。艺术媒介已不仅具有“材料”“媒材”“质料”等传统属性,艺术传播的媒介环境从“再现”走向“再生产”;艺术媒介从“聚块”(Agglomerations)的传播模式发展为多元形态,在分散且广泛的“灰色媒介”中,艺术媒介的“物质性”被关注;人机艺术传播中的“媒介在场”和“社会在场”共同建构社会景观,塑造社会现实。