Discussion on the Prevention and Control Countermeasures of Sudden Disasters on Protected Vegetable in Hebei Province

Protected vegetable production made the traditional agriculture gradually get rid of the shackles of nature, broke the seasonal traditional agriculture and realized the anti season list of agricultural products. While protected vegetables often encountered sudden disasters in production and were restricted with the conditions of low temperature and weak light. Aimed at the sudden disasters of protected vegetable production in Hebei Province,the countermeasures for disaster prevention and control were put forward from the aspects of variety selection, seedling treatment technology,grafting technique,cultivation and management,flower and fruit retention technology,application of exogenous substance,rational fertilization,transgenic technology and so on,in order to reduce production risks and cut loss,realize that protected vegetable production is safe,good-quality and efficient.

Beyond Defense: Proactive Approaches to Disaster Recovery and Threat Intelligence in Modern Enterprises

As cyber threats keep changing and business environments adapt, a comprehensive approach to disaster recovery involves more than just defensive measures. This research delves deep into the strategies required to respond to threats and anticipate and mitigate them proactively. Beginning with understanding the critical need for a layered defense and the intricacies of the attacker’s journey, the research offers insights into specialized defense techniques, emphasizing the importance of timely and strategic responses during incidents. Risk management is brought to the forefront, underscoring businesses’ need to adopt mature risk assessment practices and understand the potential risk impact areas. Additionally, the value of threat intelligence is explored, shedding light on the importance of active engagement within sharing communities and the vigilant observation of adversary motivations. “Beyond Defense: Proactive Approaches to Disaster Recovery and Threat Intelligence in Modern Enterprises” is a comprehensive guide for organizations aiming to fortify their cybersecurity posture, marrying best practices in proactive and reactive measures in the ever-challenging digital realm.

Risk prevention and control strategies for the severely affected areas of snow disaster in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR), China

Historically,frequent and heavy snow disaster(SD)has caused serious livestock death and casualties,resulting in a devastating impact on animal husbandry development in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR).From winter in 2018 to spring in 2019,the largest SD occurred in this area over the past 10 years,especially in core zones of the Lancang River Source Region.Field research results show that the main causes of the major SD include weak infrastructure(i.e.,roads,communications,warm sheds,and insufficient forage reserve),low rate of domestic animals for sale before the SD,and low loss settlement rate.SD occurrence could furtherly reduce the ability of disaster prevention,mitigation and relief of disaster loss.In the future,heavily affected SD areas should improve the forecasting ability of snowfall incidents,strengthen infrastructure construction,implement grass and livestock balance strategies,optimize livestock structure,improve loss settlement rate,and develop a modern compound model of animal husbandry development model that combines breeding,slaughtering and deep processing of animal product.

Study on regional stratagem for coal mine disasters control and prevention in China

The regional strategy study was aimed at coal mine disaster control and prevention,which deepens and enriches the macro-strategy of coal mine disaster control andprevention,and provides an important support for the rapid and healthy development ofthe regional coal industry.The country was divided into 4 regions:Northeast,North,Southand Xinqing.In view of the regional status of coal mine disasters,the regulation and developmenttrend of regional coal mine disasters were analyzed,the outstanding problemsand key factors were identified,and the general thoughts on regional coal mine disastercontrol and prevention were put forward.

Innovation in Bio-disaster Prevention and Control Mechanism after Forest Tenure Reform at County Level

Taking Youxi County of Fujian Province as an example,the author introduced basic situations of new bio-disaster prevention and control mechanism for forest resource protection and social service works after the forest tenure reform.Then,the author analyzed new problems faced by bio-disaster prevention and control in forestry.Finally,the author present the existing problems of bio-disaster prevention and control at the county level from five aspects:innovating upon plant quarantine management mechanism;innovation upon survey methods and service modes of bio-disaster monitoring;strengthening and improving construction of bio-disaster monitoring and forecasting network;innovating upon management system for bio-disaster prevention and control;speeding up construction of service system for social prevention and control of bio-disasters.

Combustion mechanism and control approaches of underground coal fires:a review

With the large-scale mining of coal resources,the huge economic losses and environmental problems caused by underground coal fires have become increasingly prominent,and the research on the status quo and response strategies of underground coal fires is of great significance to accelerate the green prevention and control of coal fires,energy conservation and emission reduction.In this paper,we summarized and sorted out the research status of underground coal fires,focused on the theoretical and technical issues such as underground coal fire combustion mechanism,multiphysics coupling effect of coal fire combustion,fire prevention and extinguishing technology for underground coal fires,and beneficial utilization technology,and described the latest research progress of the prevention and control for underground coal fire hazards.Finally,the key research problems in the field of underground coal fire hazards prevention and control were proposed in the direction of the basic theory,technology research,comprehensive management and utilization,with a view to providing ideas and solutions for the management of underground coal fires.

Research Progress and Prospect of Intelligent Tea Garden Technology Application

The development and application of internet plus modern tea industry technology is more and more extensive.As an important part of the development process of tea industry,intelligent tea garden plays an important role in the development of the whole industry.At present,intelligent tea garden technology is widely used in many fields such as intelligent monitoring,water and fertilizer integration,green prevention and control,quality and safety traceability.In this paper,the application of intelligent tea garden technology in tea gardens was reviewed.On this basis,the development trend of new information technology and tea industry was prospected,in order to provide some reference and thinking for the innovative research of new technology in tea garden in the future.

Status quo and Existing Problems of Seismic Prevention Planning in Counties and Districts——a Case Study of Hongsibao District, Wuzhong City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

This paper introduced domestic and overseas status, the historical evolution and the development history of earthquake disaster reduction planning. The urgencies and realistic significance were analyzed to carry out earthquake disaster reduction planning for districts or countries in the northwest. With Hongsibao District in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Province as an example, this article analyzed in detail the present situation and the special problems of earthquake disaster reduction planning in Northwest China. The relevant solving measures were put forward in order to offer a reference for the scientific establishment and effective implementation of earth- quake disaster reduction planning in Northwest China. The foundation of earthquake disaster reduction in the Hongsibao District is still very weak, there is a single earthquake monitoring means, the emergency rescue system is not complete, the working mechanism is not perfect, and the lack of funding for the work of earthquake disaster reduction.

Basic Works of Flash Flood Disaster Analysis and Assessment in Rucheng County of Hunan Province

The method and experience of basic work of flash flood disaster analysis and assessment in early period are introduced in a case of Rucheng County,Chenzhou City,Hunan Province,containing analysis of general situation in county region,excavation of working map information,determination of assessment object list,examination of investigated data,and standardized arrangement of data. Finally,the suggestions for basic work of analysis and assessment are given,which could provide the references for implementing analysis and assessment work of flash flood disaster in other regions.

城市生态防减灾中人工智能技术应用的进展与逻辑框架

在全球气候变化影响下,传统工程防灾难以解决自然灾害风险的不确定性问题。生态防减灾(Eco-DRR)作为国际韧性城市的前沿理论,对我国韧性城市发展有重要参考价值,人工智能(AI)技术可以很好地解决城市生态防减灾的不确定性问题,然而当前Eco-DRR理论研究与AI技术的实践应用存在断层。该文使用PRISMA2020框架调查城市Eco-DRR中AI技术应用的实践案例,通过质性研究总结城市Eco-DRR中AI技术的应用场景,从生态系统灾害调节服务评估、自然灾害风险评估、Eco-DRR方案决策以及Eco-DRR实施监测与后评估4个阶段剖析城市Eco-DRR中AI技术应用的典型案例。最后基于案例研究提出城市Eco-DRR领域AI技术应用的逻辑框架,总结其在应用过程中工具选择和数据准备的实践经验,探讨城市防灾中Eco-DRR的智能实现途径,为我国城市综合防灾和韧性城市建设提供借鉴。

煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害监测预警与防控技术研究进展

煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害是深部煤炭开采的重大安全隐患,探明其致灾机理、发展监测预警及防控技术是防治关键。提出了煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害防治“四面体”理论,即分别从灾害分类、灾害机理、灾害预警、灾害防控4个层面概述煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害研究进展。总结了以能量释放主体、初始瓦斯压力、载荷条件为主的复合动力灾害类型划分依据;梳理了理论分析尺度和实验室尺度下的复合动力灾害机理研究进展,发现应力路径、微裂纹动态演化和煤岩赋存地质因素临界指标是致灾机理研究的关键;概述了以前期灾害前兆信息判识、中期灾害前兆信息采集、后期灾害一体化监测预警为主线的复合动力灾害监测预警技术研究进展;揭示了复合动力灾害消能减灾一体化防控技术和多尺度分源防控关键技术科学内涵。在此基础上针对两淮矿区灾害特点,提出了深部强动载条件下复合动力灾害智能判识与预警方法和分区协同防控方法。基于当前研究进展,提出了煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害研究亟待解决的问题,助力实现深部煤炭安全、精准、高效开采。

采空塌陷区隧道病害机理与防控研究现状与展望

我国是煤炭生产大国,煤炭开采造成了大量采空塌陷。随着公路铁路网不断加密,在山西等采煤大省,越来越多的交通隧道不得不穿越煤矿采空塌陷区。采空塌陷区岩层破坏剧烈、变形量大且持续时间长,是隧道工程建设与运营的重大安全隐患,系统研究采空塌陷区隧道灾变机理与防控技术是隧道工程建设与运营安全的重要保障。通过分析文献报道的工程案例,总结了采空塌陷区隧道的主要病害类型及其灾变机理,回顾了塌陷区采动岩体长期变形预测方法与隧道灾变预测方法,介绍了塌陷区采动岩体变形控制方法与穿越采空区隧道围岩处治方法。在此基础上,分析了采空塌陷区隧道灾变与防控技术研究中存在的突出问题,并对亟待研究的方向进行了展望。

水-气耦合下的土质边坡稳定系数场分析

传统边坡稳定性分析方法仅对潜在滑动面进行整体稳定性评估,无法获取各点的安全系数.基于稳定系数场理论,综合考虑水-气耦合作用,对降雨条件下边坡稳定性进行分析.结果表明:1)稳定系数场法能够直观地体现水-气耦合作用下边坡的具体破坏区域,得到各点的安全系数;2)孔隙气压力对边坡降雨入渗有一定阻碍作用,并且随着降雨时间的推移阻渗效果愈明显,相同条件下降雨40 h时,两相流湿润锋深度较单向流减小了28.6%;3)相同条件下,考虑水-气耦合作用将降低边坡稳定性,以降雨40 h为例,两相流边坡失稳面积约为单向流的1.7倍.因此,在实际工程中对边坡稳定性分析时考虑水-气耦合作用,工程偏于安全.

一种煤矿顶板灾害防治知识图谱构建方法

目前煤矿顶板灾害防治措施决策及事故原因分析等过程主要依赖人工经验,智能化水平较低。顶板灾害防治知识图谱可整合顶板灾害防治知识和经验,辅助顶板灾害事故原因分析和顶板灾害防治措施决策。提出了一种煤矿顶板灾害防治知识图谱构建方法。采用本体方法完成煤矿顶板灾害防治知识建模,将顶板灾害防治领域的概念分为矿井地质类、开采技术类、防治措施类和事故表征类,将概念之间的关系定义为使用、引发、易发、治理、预防和适用,为煤矿顶板灾害防治知识抽取(实体抽取和关系抽取)奠定基础;结合煤矿顶板灾害防治领域文本存在大量嵌套实体和关系之间存在实体重叠的特点,确定了基于跨度的实体抽取方法和基于依存句法树引导实体表示的关系抽取方法;构建了顶板灾害防治领域语料库,采用Neo4j图数据库存储数据,为顶板灾害防治知识图谱的应用提供数据来源支撑;展示了煤矿顶板灾害防治知识图谱局部构建结果,说明该知识图谱可辅助顶板灾害事故原因分析和防治措施决策,从而提高顶板管理的智能化水平;指出基于该知识图谱,结合自然语言处理和知识推理等技术,可实现顶板管理知识问答。

水灾害和谐防控与智慧模拟研究框架与展望

随着环境加剧变化与科技快速进步,我国水灾害防控事业面临着新的机遇与挑战。为深刻认识水灾害治理与防控,结合国家水灾害防御重大需求,对我国水灾害治理历程进行梳理与阶段划分,提出水灾害(包括干旱、洪涝、水环境污染)和谐防控与智慧模拟研究的必要性,从指导思想、理论基础、关键问题、研究内容、应用实践和发展战略研究六个方面提出水灾害和谐防控与智慧模拟研究框架,并从水灾害防控理论完善、水灾害和谐防控研究、智慧应用前景探索三个方面提出未来研究展望,以期为水灾害防控工作和高质量发展提供业务支撑。

新阶段海河流域防洪重点内容与举措思路

海河流域水系复杂、暴雨洪水集中,极易形成洪涝灾害,防洪任务重。回顾了2008年海河流域防洪规划实施情况,分析了京津冀协同发展、雄安新区建设等国家重大战略的实施以及水利高质量发展、防灾减灾救灾新理念、应对气候变化对流域防洪减灾能力提出的新要求,全面梳理了本次防洪规划的重难点问题,提出了完善流域防洪体系的思路举措。

明代疫病与防治

从地方志“祥异”“灾祲”“灾祥”“灾异”等目记载来看,明代疫病频发。疫病大规模流行引起朝廷的重视,采取相应的措施进行防治;局部传染也必然引起官府重视,尽可能地实行自救。因为疫病频发,以医治为重点救助制度逐渐完善。由于对疫病的危害认识不足,往往忽略预防,更由于官办医疗机构大多废弃,医疗技术的落后,民间巫觋有很大的活动空间,再加上朝廷疫病祈禳制度,地方官府与民间大规模驱疫活动频繁,使疫病防治难见成效。朝廷与官府虽然重视民间力量的参与,对乐善好施者予以旌表,但也难免摊派,更由于缺少医药知识,民间力量难以发挥作用。明代疫病防治制度化过程漫长,其利弊得失值得研究与总结。

采场全生命周期的矿压危害事件知识图谱表示方法研究

知识图谱是认知智能研究不可或缺的组成部分。针对采场矿压危害事件传统分析方法对煤矿开采过程中应力时空演化过程及隐患演化与风险防控关系等表达存在不足的问题,本文基于采场全生命周期提出一种采场矿压危害事件知识图谱表示方法:首先,从地质灾害的角度,分析采场应力及分布的动态特性,对矿压地质灾害中的各节点进行动态关联,提出顾及时空过程的采场矿压地质灾害知识图谱表示方法。其次,从事故的角度,分析采场矿压事故隐患演化与风险防控过程,将隐患耦合演化与防治措施融入知识图谱表示模型中。最后,运用Neo4j构建矿压危害事件知识图谱。结果表明:依据该表示方法构建的知识图谱,不仅刻画了灾害事件中不同对象的时空演化过程,还描述了隐患耦合演化过程以及对应的风险防控措施,为采场矿压危害的防治提供了智能研究途径。

膨润土基矿物材料特性与煤矿典型灾害治理(Ⅱ):工程应用实践

为了探索膨润土基系列治灾材料在不同煤矿灾害场景下的应用效果,改性研究实现全周期触变封堵新生裂隙的瓦斯钻孔液相封堵材料,高保水、强隔氧的复合纳基膨润土类防灭火材料,高潮湿环境下分散性好且不易结块的抗团聚-结壳粉体抑爆材料,导热系数低、吸附性强、回弹量小的深井巷道隔热层材料和多孔性增强的改进型吸附井下有毒害气体净化材料,并进行工程应用实践。结果表明:膨润土基改性材料具有良好的治灾效果,在煤矿灾害治理中取得较为突出的应用价值。

基于轨迹计算的落石风险评估与防护措施决策研究

崩塌落石作为常见地质灾害之一,为探索验证简便可靠的风险评估手段,文中根据工程自身需求和特点,选择形式简洁的轨迹计算法评估落石风险。通过运动学公式进行程序化设计,讨论计算参数的合理取值,用大量计算数据模拟落石在坡面运动过程中的特征,给出落石风险评估结果,并制定出以主动防护为主的防治策略。