This article explores the effects of investment upon energy intensity by applying a unique panel data of China's 27 provinces between 2004 and 2013.In addition,it also particularly stuthes other factors,such as en...This article explores the effects of investment upon energy intensity by applying a unique panel data of China's 27 provinces between 2004 and 2013.In addition,it also particularly stuthes other factors,such as energy price,economic structure,and urbanization.The results,based on four econometric regression model results,suggest that in general,the indigenous investment on research and development is a more powerful tool to decrease China's energy intensity regardless of region disparity.The foreign direct investment(FDI) has a prominent but not persistent effect on energy intensity.However,the outward direct investment has not shown its significant impact on energy intensity.At the level of an aggregate economy and China's eastern region,the results demonstrate that FDI improves energy efficiency significantly.For the central and western provinces,FDI does not support the similar conclusion.Based on these analyses,we present the corresponding regional policies for policymakers.展开更多
Within the special environment of the Chi Next market, we study how an internationalization strategy affects the independent innovation of Chinese entrepreneurial companies from two dimensions: R&D input and paten...Within the special environment of the Chi Next market, we study how an internationalization strategy affects the independent innovation of Chinese entrepreneurial companies from two dimensions: R&D input and patent output.An internationalization strategy has a significant incentive effect on R&D input and a significant efficiency improvement effect on patent output. Entrepreneurial companies with higher degrees of internationalization have higher R&D inputs and patent outputs. After endogeneity is controlled, these effects still exist. Internationalization strategy has more pronounced effects on independent innovation in strategic emerging industries. The results elucidate the internationalization strategy and independent innovation of Chinese entrepreneurial companies, and have valuable implications for Chinese regulators in making international development policies for strategic emerging industries and independent innovation.展开更多
The network analysis of a technological system combines the interindustry transactions with a matrix of sectoral innovative efforts as measured by R&D investment intensity.The matrixes of interindustry transaction...The network analysis of a technological system combines the interindustry transactions with a matrix of sectoral innovative efforts as measured by R&D investment intensity.The matrixes of interindustry transactions of R&D-embodied products(innovations)are weighted matrixes where the interindustry flows measure the intensity of the innovation diffusion.In the past,studies using this approach in innovation studies have transformed weighted matrixes into binary matrixes of zero and one element where the flows less than a selected threshold value were considered to be zero and the flows greater than the threshold value were counted as one.Such matrix transformation leads to the loss of a great deal of information.In the present study,using degree and clustering coefficients for both binary direct as well as weighted direct techno-economic networks of the manufacturing sector of the German economy,we show that the binary directed network analysis is incapable of refined ranking of interindustry innovation transactions.The total degree index based on the weighted network of the German techno-economic system assigns a unique ranking to each sector,and clustering coefficients show that at least 75%of sectors in the network of Germany have two links with the other industries.However,the same indices based on the binary network are incapable of such refined ranking.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities:[Grant Number JBK1607K05]
文摘This article explores the effects of investment upon energy intensity by applying a unique panel data of China's 27 provinces between 2004 and 2013.In addition,it also particularly stuthes other factors,such as energy price,economic structure,and urbanization.The results,based on four econometric regression model results,suggest that in general,the indigenous investment on research and development is a more powerful tool to decrease China's energy intensity regardless of region disparity.The foreign direct investment(FDI) has a prominent but not persistent effect on energy intensity.However,the outward direct investment has not shown its significant impact on energy intensity.At the level of an aggregate economy and China's eastern region,the results demonstrate that FDI improves energy efficiency significantly.For the central and western provinces,FDI does not support the similar conclusion.Based on these analyses,we present the corresponding regional policies for policymakers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.71402189)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of the Chinese Ministry of Education(Project No.2014116)
文摘Within the special environment of the Chi Next market, we study how an internationalization strategy affects the independent innovation of Chinese entrepreneurial companies from two dimensions: R&D input and patent output.An internationalization strategy has a significant incentive effect on R&D input and a significant efficiency improvement effect on patent output. Entrepreneurial companies with higher degrees of internationalization have higher R&D inputs and patent outputs. After endogeneity is controlled, these effects still exist. Internationalization strategy has more pronounced effects on independent innovation in strategic emerging industries. The results elucidate the internationalization strategy and independent innovation of Chinese entrepreneurial companies, and have valuable implications for Chinese regulators in making international development policies for strategic emerging industries and independent innovation.
基金We thank the anonymous referees for their constructive comments on an earlier version of this paper.
文摘The network analysis of a technological system combines the interindustry transactions with a matrix of sectoral innovative efforts as measured by R&D investment intensity.The matrixes of interindustry transactions of R&D-embodied products(innovations)are weighted matrixes where the interindustry flows measure the intensity of the innovation diffusion.In the past,studies using this approach in innovation studies have transformed weighted matrixes into binary matrixes of zero and one element where the flows less than a selected threshold value were considered to be zero and the flows greater than the threshold value were counted as one.Such matrix transformation leads to the loss of a great deal of information.In the present study,using degree and clustering coefficients for both binary direct as well as weighted direct techno-economic networks of the manufacturing sector of the German economy,we show that the binary directed network analysis is incapable of refined ranking of interindustry innovation transactions.The total degree index based on the weighted network of the German techno-economic system assigns a unique ranking to each sector,and clustering coefficients show that at least 75%of sectors in the network of Germany have two links with the other industries.However,the same indices based on the binary network are incapable of such refined ranking.
