Kinetic Factors for Intensive Reaction of Magnesium-Based Spheroidiser in Hot Metal

The spheroidiser is a necessary additive to manufacture ductile iron.Sometimes with the same hot metal,spheroidisers and treated technology,reactions differ greatly from each other.The reaction may be quite normal in one case,but very intensive for another one.The effects of kinetic factors such as size,surface area and morphology o f spheroidiser on the reaction of spheoidization are studied.

Photoreceptive reaction spectrum effect and phototactic activity intensity of locusts’ visual display characteristics stimulated by spectral light

To reveal the nature of locusts’visual reaction when stimulated by light,and to clarify the regulation characteristics of locusts’phototactic visual physiology and obtain good spectral light features for locusts’phototactic action,this study investigated locusts’visual spectrum response by characterizing their photoreceptive reaction to LED light using an AvaSpec fiber-optic spectrometer system.Locusts’phototactic response to spectral light was compared using this system.The results showed that locusts’visual reaction characterization presents a photo-induced vision spectrum effect and that by offsetting the main wavelength of light and the spectral peak intensity,a time-varying bio-regulation effect emerges.In addition,locusts’visual regulation ability to UV light is higher than that to violet light,whereas their reaction intensity is lower than to violet light,and the visual bio-regulatory force of locusts’visual system absorbing orange light to react sensitively becomes gradually higher than when absorbing green light as time goes on.Moreover,corresponding to nominal illumination with the same radiant energy and a visual spectrum response stimulated by UV,violet,orange,and green light,it appears that the visual spectrum window is symmetrical around 382 nm,400 nm,602 nm,and 530 nm,respectively,with no significant difference between spectral amplitudes and having a time-varying incremental characteristic with amplitude peak width.This indicates that the stimulus intensity of UV,violet,orange,and green light exceeds locusts’visual tolerance,causing them to generate regulation inactivation as a visual physiological reaction,whereas the visual window response effect stimulated by UV light presents an illumination timeliness effect.Simultaneously,time-varying characteristics of locusts’bio-behavior intensity show that light intensity can make up for locusts’visual sensitivity differences at various spectral wavelengths.Presented with differential response time,photosensitive behavior intensity,and induction effect induced by orange light,time is superior for orange light,the stimulation effect caused by violet light is the strongest,and the phototactic synergy effect caused by UV light is the best.

Modeling Car-Following Dynamics During the Starting and Stopping Process Based on a Spring System Model

Car-following models describe how one vehicle follows the preceding vehicles.ln order to better model and explain car-following dynamics,this paper categorizes the state of a traveling vehicle into three sub-processes:the starting(acceleration)process,the car-folloing process,and the stopping(deceleration)process.The stating process primarily involves vehicle acceleration behavior.The stopping process involves not only car-following behavior but also deceleration behavior.This paper regards both the stopping process and the starting process as spring systems.The car-following dynamics during the starting process and the stopping process is modeled in this paper.The parameters of the proposed models,which are represented in the form of trigonometric functions,possess explicit hysical meaning and definitive ranges.We have calibrated the model of the starting process using data form the Traffic Engineering Handbook and ob-tained reasonable results.Compared with traditional stimulus-response car-following models,this model can better explain traffic flow phenomena and driver behavior thery.