Source Text Borrowing in Summary of Integrated Writing

Integrated writing tasks,requiring writers to summarize source content and integrate their ideas or experience with those in the source text,are widely used in standardized tests of English proficiency.Integrated writing adds an element not found in traditional independent writing:the use of source text material.Recently,concern has been raised that over-reliance on source texts in integrated writing may lead to plagiarism as well as inaccurate assessment which calls for further investigation.Research on L2 students’writing using sources has broadened its focus from transgressive citing practices to stages of skill development in this complicated literacy,the successive challenges students face,and how instruction might be of benefit.Previous literature mainly focused on source use in academic writing and seldom considered summary writing in standardized tests,while summary strategy is particularly important in standardized tests,in which summary accounts for a significant part of the assessment criteria.Given that a series of previous literature have indicated that source text use,source texts,and prompts are associated with the quality of summary writing,this article reviews the source text borrowing in the summary of integrated writing to further explore the relationship between some variables and the quality of summary writing and therefore finds some research gaps in this field.

Study on "Borrowing Scenery under the Guidance of Emotion" in Chinese Landscape Architecture

One of the main theories of "borrowing scenery" which was "borrowing scenery under the guidance of emotion" was expounded from two aspects.And the second aspect was emphasized,that is,integrating social beauty into natural beauty so as to produce artistic beauty of landscape,and layer beauty was the main content manifested in Chinese landscape garden.

Chinese Borrowings in English

There are eight types of English word formation, which are widely used nowadays in English. Among them, Borrowings, as one of widely used types of English word formation, has drawn people's attention because many English words are borrowed from other languages, such as German, Latin. This article aims to demonstrate Chinese Borrowings in English from two aspects.

Geliable Lexical Borrowings in China English on the Internet

Lexical borrowing in China English is an important part of English localization.This paper,on the basis of the study of vogue lexical English expressions on the Internet,tries to describe and explain the characteristics of lexical borrowings in China English on the Internet.

STUDY ON THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE FOREIGN ELEMENTS AND THE NATIVE ELEMENT IN ENGLISH——English Borrowings from Chinese

This dissertaion will focus on the words English borrowed from Chinese to discuss the influence of Chinese culture on English. In the history of word borrowing, it is not until in the 18 th and 19th century that there was a flood of Chinese loanwords into English. Most of the words are nouns about custom,culture, and goods with Chinese characteristic. The Chinese loanwords set foot into English by the means of transliteration, Among all Chinese dialects Mandarin, Cantonese and Amoy contributed most to English. Other languages such as Japanese bridged the borrowing process,too.

An Integrated FCEM-AHP Approach for Borrower’s Satisfaction and Perception Analysis of Microfinance Institution

Themain objective of this paper is to present an integrated approach to evaluate the level of satisfaction of borrowers with the products and services of microfinance institutions(MFI)at different criterion levels.For this,the study adopts the concept of FCEM(Fuzzy Comprehensive EvaluationMethod)in concurrence with the AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process).In our day-to-day situation,the researchers have made many efforts to assess the impact of Microfinance on poverty reduction,but borrowers’satisfaction is always overlooked.Since the multiple factors impact the borrower’s satisfaction,each factor is made of different items.Thus,as the factors items increase,many uncertainties are created,and hence this will make the decisionmaking unsmooth or imprecise.To describe this,the FCEM method deals with the vagueness in the collection information phase.However,the AHP has been utilized to determine the objective weights of each factor.The presented integrated framework has been illustrated with a case study and presented their results.The study’s managerial benefit is also reported to address the situation.

A novel spectrum borrowing scheme in integrated 3G/WLAN networks

In the heterogeneous wireless networks of the next generation, a large number of different radio access technologies will be integrated into a common network. This paper considers optimizing the utilization of spectrum resource in heterogeneous environment consisting two different networks： wireless local area network （WLAN） and time division-synchronous code division multiple access （TD-SCDMA） network. An optimal joint spectrum borrowing scheme maximizing overall network revenue is proposed with quality of service （QoS） constraints over both the WLAN and the TD-SCDMA cellular networks. Simulation results illustrate that system revenue earned in the proposed joint spectrum borrowing scheme is significantly larger than the case when individual networks are optimized independently.

Resource management with borrowing from reservation for cognitive networks

Resource reservation is an effective measure to ensure end-to-end quality of service （QoS）, however, the burstyness of the traffic makes the reservation idle some time, and forms a waste of re- sources. Based on the analysis of active queue management （AQM） of DiffServ network, we propose a resource management scheme, which allows borrowing resources from unused reservation, accord- ing to the characteristics and advantages of cognitive networks. First, some nodes reserve certain proportion capacity for some special services （for instance, some services pay additional money） to guarantee the priority of these applications. Then resources are assigned according to the different parameters of services. If the available resource can not meet the requirements of new services, real- time ones are admitted with higher priority and allow borrowing the unused reservation from other nodes appropriately. Simulations show that, the proposed scheme has good performance at network resource utilization, the admission rate of new aDolications and OoS of users.

An Analysis of Lexical Borrowing From Languages： ＂Konglish＂

This paper analyzes English loan words in Korean language. English words and phrases are largely absorbed into Korean either out of filling lexical gap or at the whim of fashion. These words have been borrowed and adapted orthographically and become a part of Korean language. Some loan words have the same meaning or phonological features as their corresponding words, but some do not. The only real solution to the ＂false friends＂ is to be aware of them, to look out for them, and to learn them. Teachers of English need to raise learners＇ awareness of the existence of English-origin words in fheir mother tongues

The Public Savings’ Relation With Borrowing Requirement and Financial Balances After Global Crisis in Turkey

In this study, we aim to determine public savings’ structural location in the analysis of effect levels that are related to public borrowing requirement to cope with the deviation of financial balances, especially after 2009 global crisis in Turkey. Public savings as a financial option take up an important place in the scope of expressed government budget balances related to public borrowing requirements which are increasingly located together with budget deficits. This fact especially is pertaining to investments and capital’s transfers that are subject to the public decision making process towards economic growth in the future in developing countries like Turkey. Therefore, increasing public savings’ limits appear on these countries as an inevitable financial phenomenon concerning the desired investments. Turkey, as a developing country, has faced two financial phenomenons that increase borrowing requirement terms that lead to intend financial balances that have generally deviated after 2009 financial crisis. Firstly, it’s increasing foreign debt burden and the public savings’ levels that have not been enough to cover all the proportion of foreign debt payments since 2009. Secondly, the effect level of global crisis on the exchange rates directly causes the deviation of national currency values as a meaningful important negative impact on budget balances that are aimed at together with the macroeconomic financial balances.

A Study of Borrowing,Imitation and Creation in English-Chinese Translation:A Case Study of Translating“The Root Cause of Poverty”

Based on the translated version of“The Root Cause of Poverty”by Rutger Bregman on the Ted speech online platform,this research analyzes the application of direct borrowing,imitative translation and creative translation in English-Chinese translation.First,we believe the direct borrowing of a ready-made version is most ideal as it reveals the common ground both languages share when translating a source text.Next,it is preferable to imitate an already existing expression as similarity is reader-friendly.However,it is sometimes necessary to adopt creative translation to preserve differences to ensure that the meaning of the original language is accurately transmitted.

Discussion on E-books and Library Borrowing Service

With the vigorous development of network information technology,e-book borrowing service came into being and showed a vigorous development trend.Therefore,in order to strengthen the service function,the library needs to gradually improve the e-book borrowing service,so as to provide readers with high-quality service content,so that the library can give full play to its function of disseminating scientific and cultural knowledge.Therefore,in this article research,we first discuss the main reading methods of e-books,then investigate the current reading situation of e-books and traditional paper books in the library,and then put forward corresponding development strategies to effectively promote the rapid development of the library and strengthen the level of e-book borrowing service.

“Em”:Pragmatics Borrowing in Chinese Wechat Conversations:among Female University Students in China

The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.

AN OPTIMAL INVESTMENT/CONSUMPTION PROBLEM WITH HIGHER BORROWING RATE

In this paper, optimal investment and consumption decisions for an optimal choice problem in infinite horizon are considered, for an investor who has available a bank account and a stock whose price is a log normal diffusion. The bank pays at an interest rate r for any deposit, and takes at a larger rate r′ for any loan. As in the paper of Xu Wensheng and Chen Shuping in JAMS(B), where an analogous problem in finite horizon is studied, optimal strategies are obtained via Hamilton Jacobi Bellman (HJB) equation which is derived from dynamic programming principle. For the specific HARA case, i.e. U(t,c)=e -βt c 1-R 1-R , this paper gets the optimal consumption and optimal investment in the form ofc * t=β-Rw t\ and \ π * t=b-γRσ 2w twith γ:= max{ r, min{ r′,b-Rσ 2 }}, =(1-R)γ+(b-γ) 22Rσ 2]. This result coincides with the classical one under condition r′≡r.

智慧图书馆建设背景下的文献无感借阅服务应用研究——以重庆图书馆开放式无感智慧借阅系统实践为例

无感借阅技术在图书借阅环节的应用,使公共图书馆具备了在读者无感知状态下为其提供文献借阅服务的能力。目前,我国已有个别公共图书馆率先研发并开通了无感借阅服务,但从实现方式、识别率、方便程度上与“真”无感借阅尚有较大差距。文章以重庆图书馆研发、投用开放式无感智慧借阅系统为例,研究、探讨开放式无感借阅技术应用于图书借阅服务环节的技术架构、实现路径,以及在此过程中的关键问题、实施成本。通过开放式无感智慧借阅系统的实践及完善,最终形成运行稳定、低成本、可复用的智慧图书馆应用,为行业应用无感借阅提供范例。

敦煌永安寺僧人借粮纠纷案研究

P.3223《勘寻永安寺法律愿庆与老宿绍建相诤根由状》是目前所见相对完整的敦煌僧人民事诉讼案卷之一,反映了唐后期五代宋初敦煌僧人民事诉讼案件的审理过程。审理程序大致包括四个环节,即诉讼人提起诉讼、官府立案受理、官员调查取证和审判官判决结案。负责案件的官员主要通过讯问当事人来调查取证,查明案情。此案中除了有当事人的陈述,还要签字画押以保证其所述的真实性,构成了相对完整的证据体系。

论被代理人直接取得买卖物的所有权

在显名代理关系中,买卖合同系被代理人和出卖人的合意,被代理人不但承受买卖合同项下的债权债务,而且直接取得买卖物的所有权,代理人对买卖物为占有辅助或媒介占有关系。无论买卖物为动产抑或不动产,这一结论都不改变。隐名代理动产买卖在适用《民法典》第925条时,其法律效果与显名代理动产买卖相同,即由借名人直接取得买卖物的所有权;若适用《民法典》第926条的规定,当出名人披露、借名人行使介入权且出卖人选择借名人承受动产买卖合同项下的法律效果时,则借名人直接取得买卖物的所有权。对于隐名代理不动产买卖,有权处分说认为出名人取得不动产所有权,无权处分说则主张借名人直接取得不动产所有权,其路径有三:第一,把不动产物权登记在出名人名下的现象视作登记错误,在出名人和借名人的内部关系中,将不动产物权归属于借名人;第二,把为借名人的利益承受房屋登记的出名人看成“借名人方面的人”,即“取得媒介人”,出卖人向其办理不动产转移登记等于向借名人转移登记;第三,区分内部与外部关系,在外部关系中,出名人依不动产物权登记成为不动产物权人,而在内部关系中,借名人径直取得不动产物权。由于借名购房处于代理关系的架构中,故借名购房合同应被视为借名人与出卖人之间的合意,由借名人直接承受相应的权利义务。

基于机器学习的社区老年借阅推荐服务系统设计

本文明确了社区图书借阅服务在老年人精神生活中的重要性,并基于此提出了开发一个基于机器学习的社区老年借阅推荐服务系统的必要性。通过用户需求分析确定了系统设计的基本需求,详细介绍了数据收集与处理的方法,以确保推荐系统的数据基础坚实。在此基础上,本文深入探讨了推荐算法的选择与实现,最终完成了推荐系统功能的实现,为社区老年人提供智能、个性化的图书借阅推荐服务。

王士性《广志绎》所见民族接触现象解析

明人王士性一度在西南诸省任职,对当地的民族关系有着比较深刻的认识,这在其史料笔记《广志绎》中可以看出。梳理《广志绎》的相关史实,从民族接触的形式、程度、影响因素等方面揭示该书所反映的明代西南地区民族接触的真实情况:不同地区民族接触的形式、程度不一;政治政策、经济贸易等是推动民族接触的积极因素,自然地理环境则有可能阻碍民族接触;民族接触对语言词汇、习俗等产生或多或少的影响。这既可以凸显史料笔记在民族接触研究上的价值,也可以为民族之间的语言接触研究提供重要的文献语料。

地方政府专项债券风险防控的法治化进路

随着专项债券在地方政府债务构成中的占比增加,其逐渐成为了地方政府债务治理和风险防控的关键所在。地方政府专项债券规模的持续扩大往往伴随着潜在的项目风险、财政风险与金融风险,立法中关于专项债券的法律规定层次不高、债券定价市场化程度不足、债券市场竞争结构失衡、债券资金使用情况不理想、举债机制诱发道德风险等共同构成了专项债券潜存风险的根源。有必要制定高层次的专项债券法律制度、健全地方政府专项债券债信机制、促进专项债市场竞争结构多元化、强化专项债项目管理机制,通过立法试点授权市县级政府自主发债权,探索新的举债机制,最终通过一系列法治化举措实现对专项债券的风险防控。