The increase of inter-boundary transactions brings a number of benefits for enterprises. However, even when benefits of transfer pricing are evident, multinational organizations still face legal challenges, including ...The increase of inter-boundary transactions brings a number of benefits for enterprises. However, even when benefits of transfer pricing are evident, multinational organizations still face legal challenges, including performing parts of transactions in another jurisdiction and motives of tax officials in investigating transfer pricing. This is especially true when countries do not want to lose benefits from tax collection. Therefore, many countries and organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development （OECD）, Pacific Association of Tax Administrators （PATA）, the European Union （EU）, and Vietnam have introduced requirements for transfer pricing documentation to prevent transfer pricing manipulation and maintain benefits from taxes. The aim of this research was to assess the compliance of those requirements of foreign direct investment （FDI） enterprises in Vietnam. This article which is a summary of our research includes the following sections： （1） OECD guidelines of transfer pricing documentation; （2） Vietnam regulations of transfer pricing documentation; （3） results of the research; and （4） discussion and conclusion.展开更多
Japan is the largest trade mate of China. But the share of Japanese direct investment in China among all foreign direct Investments is becoming smaller and smaller. Most Japanese related enterprises in China are runni...Japan is the largest trade mate of China. But the share of Japanese direct investment in China among all foreign direct Investments is becoming smaller and smaller. Most Japanese related enterprises in China are running badly. This is the result of the "swan ranks development model" . Workers employed by Japanese manufacturing industry are becoming fewer and fewer as a result of shifting production workshops abroad; on the other hand, resold goods from overseas Japanese related enterprises to Japan are becoming more and more. This phenomenon is called "industry hollowing out", the process of which is nothing, but the process of alliance of regional economy in Southeast Asia, creating large space for the development of new manufacturing industries in Japan. This is inevitable for Japan, who desires to be an economical power in the world. The way out of Japanese related enterprises in China is to rush out of the influence of the "swan ranks" model.展开更多
Theorists have discussed the Belt and Road Initiative relative to its political or policy implications, and world response to it has focused on analysis and commentary that assesses it geopolitically, with some even c...Theorists have discussed the Belt and Road Initiative relative to its political or policy implications, and world response to it has focused on analysis and commentary that assesses it geopolitically, with some even calling it a power play by China. Although the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed and has been promoted by China, it fundamentally is being developed within and adapted to laws of international industrial transfer and worldwide economic development trends, founding the initiative on universality and objectivity. The Belt and Road Initiative is an upgraded version or a new phase of the Go Out strategy adopted by the Chinese government to encourage Chinese enterprises to look abroad, which has been an important part of international industrial transfer. China is becoming a major output source in this new round of international industrial transfer, and the countries along the Belt and Road have become the major recipients. The new growth center of the global economy is likely to emerge along the Belt and Road, but the question of which countries in particular will take the lead in industrializing and accelerating economic growth through this industrial transfer will be decided in part through conditions such as development stage, technical maturity, cost level, and geographical location and in part through internal and external policy adjustment and choices made by the participating countries.展开更多
文摘The increase of inter-boundary transactions brings a number of benefits for enterprises. However, even when benefits of transfer pricing are evident, multinational organizations still face legal challenges, including performing parts of transactions in another jurisdiction and motives of tax officials in investigating transfer pricing. This is especially true when countries do not want to lose benefits from tax collection. Therefore, many countries and organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development （OECD）, Pacific Association of Tax Administrators （PATA）, the European Union （EU）, and Vietnam have introduced requirements for transfer pricing documentation to prevent transfer pricing manipulation and maintain benefits from taxes. The aim of this research was to assess the compliance of those requirements of foreign direct investment （FDI） enterprises in Vietnam. This article which is a summary of our research includes the following sections： （1） OECD guidelines of transfer pricing documentation; （2） Vietnam regulations of transfer pricing documentation; （3） results of the research; and （4） discussion and conclusion.
文摘Japan is the largest trade mate of China. But the share of Japanese direct investment in China among all foreign direct Investments is becoming smaller and smaller. Most Japanese related enterprises in China are running badly. This is the result of the "swan ranks development model" . Workers employed by Japanese manufacturing industry are becoming fewer and fewer as a result of shifting production workshops abroad; on the other hand, resold goods from overseas Japanese related enterprises to Japan are becoming more and more. This phenomenon is called "industry hollowing out", the process of which is nothing, but the process of alliance of regional economy in Southeast Asia, creating large space for the development of new manufacturing industries in Japan. This is inevitable for Japan, who desires to be an economical power in the world. The way out of Japanese related enterprises in China is to rush out of the influence of the "swan ranks" model.
文摘Theorists have discussed the Belt and Road Initiative relative to its political or policy implications, and world response to it has focused on analysis and commentary that assesses it geopolitically, with some even calling it a power play by China. Although the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed and has been promoted by China, it fundamentally is being developed within and adapted to laws of international industrial transfer and worldwide economic development trends, founding the initiative on universality and objectivity. The Belt and Road Initiative is an upgraded version or a new phase of the Go Out strategy adopted by the Chinese government to encourage Chinese enterprises to look abroad, which has been an important part of international industrial transfer. China is becoming a major output source in this new round of international industrial transfer, and the countries along the Belt and Road have become the major recipients. The new growth center of the global economy is likely to emerge along the Belt and Road, but the question of which countries in particular will take the lead in industrializing and accelerating economic growth through this industrial transfer will be decided in part through conditions such as development stage, technical maturity, cost level, and geographical location and in part through internal and external policy adjustment and choices made by the participating countries.
